流体动力系统噪声控制研究

以泵为例分析了液压动力系统中噪声产生的机理和危害，结合多年来的生产经验，给出降低和控制液压动力系统噪声的思路和几种基本方法。     

谏壁发电厂7号送风机噪声治理

在分析了送风机主要噪声源及频谱、噪声特性的基础上，应用噪声控制理论，设计并实施了噪声控制方案，达到了预期的治理效果。     

特大型双曲线自然通风冷却塔噪声治理

本文以上海吴泾电厂八期1#、2#机组所用特大型双曲线自然通风冷却塔为例,介绍其噪声特性、控制措施及治理效果。     

道路交通噪声预测声源简化研究

为了分析《环境影响评价技术导则声环境》(HJ 2.4—2009)中将道路声源简化为1条位于道路中心线处的线声源与按照车道数简化为多条线声源之间的误差,针对不同宽度的道路,推导了多条线声源与1条线声源在接收点噪声影响的误差计算公式,并基于Predictor-lima预测软件预测和现场噪声衰减规律实测进行了验证。研究结果表明,对于接收点到道路边缘的距离大于道路宽度的情况,可简化为1条线声源;对于接收点到道路边缘的距离小于道路宽度的情况,应按照车道数简化为多条线声源。     

Evaluating soundscape intentions in landscape architecture: a study of competition entries for a new cemetery in Järva,Stockholm

While soundscape is increasingly acknowledged within landscape planning and design discourse, there is little research that clarifies how soundscapes are actually dealt with in landscape architecture practice – partly owing to methodological insufficiencies. This paper, therefore, describes a model for evaluating soundscape treatment in landscape design proposals, focusing on three key aspects. With the dual aim of testing the model, and learning more about how soundscape is approached in practice, the paper spotlights a major design competition for a new cemetery in Sweden. The model proved fruitful and easy to apply. It showed that only limited attention was paid to soundscape in the competition as a whole, and was a useful means of pinpointing proposals where soundscape was fully considered as a design feature; one competition entry that did so is described in the paper. Discussions cover design practice, trends in the competition and model application.     

Hydraulic fracturing as an interpretive policy problem: lessons on energy controversies in Europe and the U.S.A.

This special issue addresses hydraulic fracturing for shale gas extraction as an interpretive policy problem. Bringing together empirical cases from the U.S.A., the Netherlands, the U.K., Poland, and Germany, we identify three approaches to the interpretation of hydraulic fracturing in the article: understanding its meaning, contextual explanation of the institutionalization of its meaning, and policy design as intervention to alter its meaning. By exploring differences and similarities across these cases, we identified two central tensions in the meaning of shale gas in all cases: (1) economic opportunity or environmental threat and (2) transition toward a more carbon-free energy future or perpetuation of a fossil fuel system. We found that when actors shift the meaning of hydraulic fracturing to consider it predominantly an issue of threat, this explains the dominance of risk governance as an approach to managing the controversy. Alternately, when the meaning of fracking shifts from consideration as an economic opportunity or a bridge fuel to consideration of it as a barrier to an energy transition, this explains the decision to ban fracking. Therefore, a comparative assessment of the papers demonstrates the ways interpretive dimensions of politics can influence the governance of public policy.     

成都市污染边界层高度的演变特征分析

基于2014年1月21日至2月5日成都市人民南路四段逐时PM_(2.5)质量浓度、大气能见度资料以及同期Mie散射激光雷达探测数据,遵循消光系数与细颗粒物质量浓度之间的关系,探讨污染边界层高度的演变特征。结果表明:污染时段内的污染边界层高度偏低,平均为221m;污染边界层高度与地面PM_(2.5)浓度的变化具有明显相关性,但污染边界层高度改变在前,地面PM_(2.5)浓度响应在后;污染边界层高度的日变化表现为单峰单谷型,峰值和谷值分别出现在08:00时和14:00时前后。     

空调电机噪声污染的产生与控制研究

随着社会的不断进步和经济的高速发展,四大污染之一的噪声污染越来越不能被忽视.作为人们生活水平提高的标志之一的空调所产生的噪声,也越来越受到关注.长期受到噪声刺激,将导致听力损失,甚至引起心血管系统、神经系统及内分泌系统等方面的疾病.噪声污染不仅危害人们的健康,还影响人们的生活和工作.通过对引起空调电机噪声的原因进行分析,阐述了在电磁、机械和空气动力方面对设计和制造过程中能够降低电机噪声的方法,并简单介绍了噪声分析和隔消音的方法以降低噪声污染.     

海南东环铁路（海口段）运行噪声预测研究

本文对海南东环铁路海口城区的南海大道附近的敏感点列车开通的近期（2020年）和远期（2030年）的噪声进行预测：根据噪声暴露声级与等效声级的关系公式,对列车加密后南海大道距离轨道30m处的噪声进行预测,发现当小时列车数达到14车次时,其昼问等效声级将超过70dBA的标准,为城区段控制小时列车次数提供参考。     

城市主干道交通噪声影响因素分析

选取了沈阳市lO条主干道,通过实地调查监测与文献资料分析相结合的方法,分析了主干道交通噪声的影响因素,结果表明,车流量与车型是影响城市主干道交通噪声的重要因素,并提出控制城市主干道交通噪声的防治措施,改善声环境质量。