Integrating multi-criteria evaluation techniques with geographic information systems for landfill site selection: a case study using ordered weighted average

This paper presents a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis approach for evaluating the suitability for landfill site selection in the Polog Region, Macedonia. The multi-criteria decision framework considers environmental and economic factors which are standardized by fuzzy membership functions and combined by integration of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and ordered weighted average (OWA) techniques. The AHP is used for the elicitation of attribute weights while the OWA operator function is used to generate a wide range of decision alternatives for addressing uncertainty associated with interaction between multiple criteria. The usefulness of the approach is illustrated by different OWA scenarios that report landfill suitability on a scale between 0 and 1. The OWA scenarios are intended to quantify the level of risk taking (i.e., optimistic, pessimistic, and neutral) and to facilitate a better understanding of patterns that emerge from decision alternatives involved in the decision making process.     

工业设备的震害预测研究

综合考虑地震作用和结构材料的随机性 ,运用概率论的知识建立了地震作用下钢铁工业设备各种破坏形式的极限状态方程 ,并求出了对应于某种地震烈度 ,设备出现各种破坏状态的概率。在此基础上 ,通过模糊综合评判的手段提出了工业设备的震害预测方法 ,并编制了相应的软件。此种方法的建立使设备抗震预测变得方便、可行。     

一株受二噁英类化合物诱导表达绿色荧光蛋白的胃癌细胞系的建立

将人工合成的5个相连的XRE(Xeobiotic response element)和minimal CMV(Human cytomegalovirus)启动子,插入载体pEGFP-1,构建得到载体pXRE5-EGFP.以pXRE5-EGFP转染人胃癌细胞SGC-7901,经过筛选得到一株受2,3,7,8-四氯代二苯并二英(2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin,TCDD)诱导表达绿色荧光蛋白的细胞系XRE5-SGC-7901.将XRE5-SGC-7901细胞株暴露于不同浓度TCDD(0、250、500pg·mL-1)中,发现TCDD暴露组XRE5-SGC-7901细胞中绿色荧光蛋白的表达量显著升高,且与TCDD暴露浓度呈正相关.新构建的细胞株具有二英类化合物诱导表达绿色荧光蛋白的功能.     

干扰烟草GA 20-氧化酶siRNA植物表达载体的构建及矮化烟草的产生

根据烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)GA 20-氧化酶基因序列,设计2对分别含有特定酶切位点的特异引物,以烟草基因组DNA为模板,扩增目的基因(约250 bp)片段.将正、反向目的片段分别插入中间载体的内含子两侧.再经BamH I和Sac I双酶切回收约700 bp的目的片段,插入到双元载体质粒p2355中,成功构建了含GA 20-氧化酶基因片段的反向重复序列植物表达载体p23700,其转录产物能形成发夹RNA(hpRNA),产生小分子干扰RNA,干扰目的基因的表达.将p23700质粒导入根癌农杆菌EHA105中并转化烟草叶片细胞,经选择分化培养,获得表型矮化的转基因烟草.图4参14     

A model of Cellular Automata for the spatial and temporal analysis of Citrus Sudden Death with the fuzzy parameter

Citrus Sudden Death (CSD) is a disease that has affected sweet orange trees grafted on Rangpur lime in the south of Minas Gerais state and in the north of São Paulo state (Brazil). This is a worrying characteristic because the Rangpur lime responds to 85% of the Brazilian citrus rootstocks. This disease is believed to be caused by a virus transmitted by aphids (vector) of the citrus. In this work, we have adopted the Cellular Automata model (CA) to study the temporal evolution of the disease. We take into account the effect of the wind in the space covered by the aphid. To establish the relationship between the space covered by the aphid and the intensity of the wind, we have adopted the rule-based fuzzy system. Simulations were performed and compared to real data. Through the use of the mean absolute error (MAE) method, it was possible to verify a 70% of similarity between our model of data and the real one.     

模糊识别在水质综合评价中的应用

应用模糊数学方法对水质进行综合评价,其关键问题是如何合理地确定各评价指标的权重．将最优权法引入模糊评价以确定各评价指标的权系数．通过求解权向量的最优解来确定各指标权重,可避免确定评价指标权重的主观任意性,增加评价结果的分辨性．实例计算与结果对比表明,该方法克服了各指标的权系数随实测样本的不同而变化和评价结果分辨性差的缺点,提高了模型的通用性和评价结果的可比性,同时也简化了多次重复确定权系数的工作量．     

TUGAI: An Integrated Simulation Tool for Ecological Assessment of Alternative Water Management Strategies in a Degraded River Delta

The development of ecologically sound water allocation strategies that account for the needs of riverine ecosystems is a pressing issue, especially in semiarid river basins. In the Aral Sea Basin, a search for strategies to mitigate ecological and socioeconomic deterioration has been in process since the early 1990s. The Geographic Information System–based simulation tool TUGAI has been developed to support the policy determination process by providing a simple, problem-oriented method to assess ecological effects of alternative water management strategies for the Amudarya River. It combines a multiobjective water allocation model with simple, spatially explicit statistical and rule-based models of landscape dynamics. Changes in environmental conditions are evaluated by a fuzzy habitat suitability index for Populus euphratica, which is the dominant species of the characteristic riverine Tugai forests. Water management scenarios can be developed by altering spatiotemporal water distribution in the delta area or the amount of water inflow into the delta. Outcomes of scenario analysis are qualitative comparisons of the ecological effects of different options for a time period of up to 28 years. The given approach utilizes different types of knowledge, from quantitative hydrological data to qualitative local expert knowledge. The main purpose of the tool is to integrate the knowledge in a comprehensive way to make it available for discussions on alternative policies in moderated workshops with stakeholders. In this article, the modules of the tool, their integration, and three hypothetical scenarios are presented. Based on the experience gained when developing the TUGAI tool, we propose that the general framework can be transferred to other areas where tradeoffs in water allocation between the environment and other water users are of major concern. The potential for a simulation tool to structure and inform a complex resource management situation by involving local experts and stakeholders in the development of possible future scenarios will become increasingly valuable for transparent and participatory resource management.     

基于EMD-HHT可定位长输天然气管道第三方破坏事件监测技术

为适应目前管道安全监测需要,满足对扰动信号分类监测的实际需求,提出1种基于希尔伯变换和经验模态分解(EMD-HHT)的信号特征提取技术,利用基于φ-OTDR分布式光纤传感系统采集振动信号,通过EMD+HHT区分算法对管道沿线振动事件进行分解并提取6个典型特征向量,各特征事件数据经过EMD后选取IMF3为最终提取特征向量的原始数据,BP神经元网络可有效识别机械破坏、敲击破坏、车辆经过、人工挖掘、动力干扰5种事件。研究结果表明：在长输管道信号识别中,BP神经网络对5类事件平均识别率高达98.6%,该技术分类识别5类事件扰动信号,能够达到较高准确性,并且误报率平均在1.3%,能较好满足现场安全实时监测需求。研究结果对长输油气管道附近第三方破坏扰动信号分类监测具有一定参考意义。     

模糊聚类分析在中国火灾危害分类中的应用

火灾现象具有随机性、模糊性,是个复杂的模糊系统行为。运用模糊聚类分析方法,借助于M ATLAB计算软件,对中国火灾的危害程度进行了分类。根据2000年中国火灾统计资料,把31个省市分为重灾区、较重灾区、一般灾区、轻灾区等4类,与传统的概率统计方法相比,本方法更符合客观实际。城市火灾分类是动态的,重灾区吸取教训,增强消防意识,增大消防投入,可减少火灾隐患;而轻灾区如不注意防范,也会增加火灾隐患。因此不论轻重灾区,均应时时增强防范意识,把火灾危害降至最低。     

基于文本挖掘的煤矿安全隐患管理研究

为探寻安全隐患的内在特征,加深安全管理人员对安全隐患的理解,提升安全管理效率。以潞安集团司马煤业有限公司2009—2015年安全隐患记录为数据源,利用Word2Vec模型构建安全隐患词向量模型,从模型中获取各类安全隐患主要相关词,利用桑基图解释安全隐患在不同隐患地点、生产作业单位的特征分布,并进一步揭示相关安全隐患的细节特征。结果表明:词向量模型能有效发掘安全隐患特征,桑基图能突出呈现安全隐患的关键信息流动。上述措施有助于管理人员深刻理解安全隐患数据中蕴含的潜在规律,为煤矿安全隐患排查治理工作提供依据,指导安全管理实践。