Photocatalytic remediation of γ-hexachlorocyclohexane contaminated soils using TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalyst

TiO2 and montmorillonite composite photocatalysts were prepared and applied in degrading γ-hexachlorocyclohexane(γ-HCH)in soils.After being spiked with γ-HCH,soil samples loaded with the composite photocatalysts were exposed to UV-light irradiation.The results indicated that the photocatalytic activities of the composite photocatalysts varied with the content of TiO2 in the order of 10%＜70%＜50%＜30%.Moreover,the photocatalytic activity of the composite photocatalysts with TiO2 content 30% was higher than that of the pure P25 with the same mass of TiO2.The strong adsorption capacity of the composite photocatalysts and quantum size effect may contribute to its increased photocatalytic activities.In addition,effect of dosage of composite photocatalysts and soil pH on γ-HCH photodegradation was investigated. Pentachlorocyclohexene,trichlorocyclohexene,and dichlorobenzene were detected as photodegradation intermediates,which were gradually degraded with tlle phOtOdegradation evolution.     

Easurements of placental,decidual, and fetal proteins before and after chorionic villus sampling

Circulating placental [human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), Schwangerschafts protein 1 (SP1), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), decidual (pregnancy protein) 12 (PP12), and fetal alphafetoprotein (AFP)] proteins were measured immediately before and within 1 h in 18 women undergoing diagnostic chorionic villus sampling (CVS) in the first trimester. An elevation of serum AFP levels was consistently seen, while fluctuations in excess of 10 per cent of the pre-CVS levels of SP1 and PP12 were seen in the majority of patients. Fluctuations in hCG and PAPP-A were consistently less than 10 per cent of pre-CVS values. Post-CVS changes in levels were not apparently associated with any feature of the technique, the pregnancy, or its outcome (one missed abortion). As feto-maternal haemorrhage is a common event, anti-D should be offered to rhesus-negative women undergoing CVS. In the prediction of subsequent miscarriage, only hCG and PAPP-A measurements should be considered.     

Mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium mutants of the dust organic extract and its five fractions derived from an aluminum electrolytic plant

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎｕｍｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｌｙｓｉｓｉｓｔｈｅｍａｉｎｓｏｕｒｃｅｏｆｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎｕｍｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ．Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｉｎｃｒｅａｓｉｎｇｍａｒｋｅｔｄ...     

云南热海热田中的碱金属元素

1982至1983年在云南腾冲一已知水热区及其毗邻约 60km² 范围内采集了131个土壤样品。样品分析结果表明锂和铷的异常能圈定两个已知水热区,且与若干已知热田地球化学指示元素的异常相当一致,从而进一步肯定了这一地区的开发前景。与此同时,对区内水样中的钠钾含量也进行了测定并做出解译。锂铷和已知地球化学指标之间的相关分析表明它们之间确存有某种内在联系,同时可看出盐湖与古地热系统之间的一些联系。最后得出结论:土壤中的锂铷可作为圈定热田的地球化学指标;地热系统不仅能作为能源资源而且也应视作矿产资源。     

In vitro characteristics of human fetal cells obtained from chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis

In vitro characteristics of human fetal cells have been investigated after chorionic villus sampling at the first trimester and amniocentesis at the second trimester of pregnancy. Light microscopy revealed heterogeneous morphology of cell types in both the chorionic villus culture and the amniotic fluid cultures. Based on the experiments performed, chorionic villus cells are more sensitive to pronase, trypsin, and versene during subculture and have a higher DNA content per single cell and release more [¹²⁵I]-Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin into culture medium than those found in amniotic fluid cells. The practical applications of this study are discussed.     

TTC－脱氢酶活性检测方法的研究

以好氧消化污泥为材料，对影响脱氢酶活性测定的样品前处理、生化培养、酶反应终止剂、三苯基甲Ｚａ（ＴＦ）苯取剂以及萃取条件等问题进行了系统地研究，进而提出了检测脱氢酶活性的常温萃取测定法。这种方法已在剩余污泥好氧消化处理、生物转盘处理生物制品废水以及陶粒柱反应器低温生物预处理饮用水等研究中应用，效果良好。     

假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.)表面活性物质产生与性能

从广州猎德污水处理厂的二沉池污泥中分离到1株产表面活性剂的细菌,经镜检及一系列生理生化试验,鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)。试验结果表明,菌株接种培养96h后,培养液可以使汽油层的乳化率达到100%;产表面活性物质的最佳的碳源和氮源分别为葡萄糖和NH4NO3,最大的排油直径均超过100mm;在偏碱性(pH 8￣9)的培养条件下生长良好,培养液的排油活性明显优于中性及酸性条件;盐离子浓度较高时能够生长并且大量产表面活性物质;通气量对培养液的表面活性有较大影响,摇瓶培养比通气培养更有利于保持培养液的表面活性。     

SiO_2-TiO_2纳米管的制备及其光催化性能的研究

文章采用水热法制备SiO2-TiO2纳米管,通过扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)考察了该纳米管的结构形态,并用X-射线衍射考察其晶体结构。实验结果表明所制得的纳米管是锐钛晶型,其两端开口,具有多层管壁;管径为8nm左右,管壁厚1～2nm。光催化降解酸性橙Ⅱ实验表明:SiO2-TiO2纳米管光催化速率比TiO2纳米管高出10%。这可能是因为Si元素的存在增大了钛纳米管的比表面积,同时SiO2的存在能降低光生电子和空穴的复合率。     

Human exposure to a mixture of endocrine disruptors and serum levels of thyroid hormones: A cross-sectional study

Exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDCs) could disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. However, human epidemiological studies reported inconsistent observations, and scarce information on the effect of a mixture of chemicals. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of multiple chemicals with thyroid hormones among adults from China. We measured serum levels of thyroid hormones and urinary levels of 11 EDCs, including six phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), perchlorate, and thiocyanate among 177 healthy adults without occupational exposure. Associations of multiple urinary analytes with serum thyroid hormones were examined by performing general linear regression analysis and bayesian kernal machine regression analysis. These EDCs were detected in almost all samples. After adjusting for various covariates, we observed only BPF significantly associated with total thyroxin (TT4) (β=-0.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-0.41, -0.14]), total triiodothyronine (TT3) (β=-0.02 95% CI [-0.03, -0.01]), free T4 (fT4) (β=-0.02, 95% CI [-0.03, -0.01]), and free T3 (fT3) (β=-0.04, 95% CI [-0.07, -0.01]), and mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) and monoethyl phthalate (MEP) positively associated with TT4 (β=0.24, 95% CI [0.01, 0.48]) and fT4 (β=0.02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.04]), respectively. Moreover, we observed significant dose-response relationships between TT4 and the mixture of 11 EDCs, and BPF was the main contributor to the mixture effect, suggesting the priority of potential effect of BPF on disrupting thyroid function under a real scenario of human exposure to multiple EDCs. Our findings supported the hypothesis that human exposure to low levels of EDCs could alter thyroid hormones homeostasis among non-occupational healthy adults.     

关于环境监理稽查

环境监理稽查包括两方面内容：一是上级环境保护行政主管部门跨越行政级别直接查处环境行政违法案件；二是查处违法环境行政行为，对其作用进行了探讨。