实验室含铅、镉废水的处理方法探究

文章报道了利用一种新型的环境矿物材料-羟基磷灰石处理实验室高浓度铅、镉污水的方法,该方法与《环境水质监测质量保证手册》中的消石灰处理法相比具有去除速度快、经济有效、无二次污染、安全环保等显著优点。本文还采用消石灰处理法对一次处理后的废水的上清液进行二次处理,这样能使实验室含高浓度的铅、镉废水,在处理后达到地表水三级质量标准。     

影响实验室检测结果准确性的因素分析

环境监测实验室的检测结果直接为环境管理、污染治理等环保部门提供服务,因此检测数据的准确性十分重要。本文通过对影响环境监测实验室检测结果的因素人、机、料、法、环五个方面入手,详尽地研究这五个方面对检测结果的影响。     

海水重金属监测分析方法研究

总结国内外的海水水质重金属的监测分析方法,调查国内海水重金属分析方法,比较各种分析方法的优缺点.得到以下结论：海水中汞、砷、硒的主要分析方法为原子荧光法,此方法具有操作简单、灵敏度高等优点;铜、铅、锌、镉、镍的主要分析方法为原子吸收法,此方法比极谱法具有更好的灵敏度和重现性;总铬和六价铬的分析方法主要为二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法,方法操作简单、易于推广.     

浅谈实验室内审员与监督员

内审员、监督员是实验室不可缺少的关键岗位人员,他们在很多方面存在不同,二者正常有效工作能够促进管理体系规范有序运作,《实验室资质认定评审准则》对其做了言简意赅的介绍与要求,大部分实验室的内审与监督工作也有了长足的进步,但在一部分实验室存在内审工作质量不高、监督工作有缺陷等问题,个别实验室存在应付评审或监督检查现象。实验室必须加以重视并且积极改正,加强管理,进一步强化管理体系运行的有效性。     

城市热岛效应下浅层土中混凝土的酸腐蚀试验研究

针对城市热岛效应引起城区浅层土地温场升高这一观测结果,采用室内快速模拟试验方法,对城区酸性土壤腐蚀混凝土材料的温度效应开展了试验研究.试验研究了在温度为5℃、20℃和40℃条件下,混凝土试样在酸浓度分别为0%、5%和10%的沙土介质中放置30 d、90 d后的抗压强度变化规律,并对混凝土试样在腐蚀过程中的腐蚀系数变化规...     

关于现代中国安全生产管理体系研究：管理、法规、文化

对我国安全生产管理的宏观及微观形势分析，论证了安全生产与国民经济的关系。特别指出从根本上遏制新的事故高峰，关键应强化“大安全观”的安全生产管理体系建设与实践。研究向市场经济转换过程中的中国安全减灾业的发展及管理思路，重点探索了体系化管理、安全文化及安全生产法的主题。     

AHP法在废水治理工程评价中的应用

应用层次分析法（ＡＨＰ）的原理，建立了废水处理工程的评价模型，并结合废水处理的实例进行了研究，结果证明了ＡＨＰ法是评价废水处理工程的有效方法。     

SIMULATION OF HERBICIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN STORMFLOW FROM FORESTED WATERSHEDS1

The breakpoint rainfall hydrology and pesticide options of the field scale model CREAMS (Chemicals, Runoff, and Erosion from Agricultural Management Systems) were used to predict average concentrations of hexazinone [3 cyclohexyl-6-(dimethyl-amino)-1-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione] in stormflow from four forested watersheds in the upper Piedmont region of Georgia. Predicted concentrations were compared with measured concentrations recorded over a 13-month period. CREAMS accurately predicted hexazinone concetrations in the initial stormflow events which also contained the highest concentrations. The model underestimated the hexazinone concentrations in stormflow two months and greater following pesticide application. In a companion study, the daily rainfall option of the CREAMS model was used to evaluate the reltive risk associated with the maximum expected concentration of hexazinone, bromacil (5-bromo-3 sec-butyl-6 methyuracil), picloram (4-amino-3,5,6 trichloropicolinic acid), dicamba (3,6-dichloro-0-anisic acid), and triclopyr {[(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy] acetic acid} in stormflow from small forested watersheds. The model predicted the following order of potential residue appearance in stormflow: bromacil>triclopyr>hexazinone>picloram>dicamba. Subsurface movement of residues via interflow and deep leaching losses are not simulated by the version of CREAMS used in these studies.     

National policies for biosphere greenhouse gas management: issues and opportunities

Biosphere greenhouse gas (GHG) management consists of preserving and enhancing terrestrial carbon pools and producing biomass as a fossil fuel substitute. The discussion of this topic has focused primarily on carbon-accounting and project-level issues, particularly relating to carbon sequestration as a source of emissions credits under the Kyoto Protocol. While international consensus on these matters is needed, this paper argues that an important domestic policy agenda also deserves attention. National policies for biosphere GHG management are necessary to bring about large-scale changes in land-use, forestry, and agricultural practices and can address some of the technical and policy issues that have proven to be particularly problematic from carbon-accounting and project-level perspectives. These policies should minimize land-use and resource-management conflicts, account for collateral benefits, and ensure institutional compatibility with existing resource-management regimes. Issues relating to project permanence, leakage, and transaction costs should also be addressed. A range of policy instruments should be used and biosphere GHG management should be one component of an integrated approach to environmental and resource management. Countries promoting biosphere GHG management as an important element of their climate change strategies should be developing these domestic policies to complement international negotiations and to demonstrate that carbon sequestration and biomass production can make an effective contribution to the stabilization of atmospheric GHG concentrations.