大气污染对悬铃木叶绿素及抗氧化酶系的影响

大气污染会影响悬铃木叶片内叶绿素含量以及活性氧清除系统,致使植物体内叶绿素含量降低,抗氧化酶系统活性上升,并使植物体内丙二醛积累增加。交通污染对植物的影响程度与工业污染相当,应引起重视。绿化可减少空气污染,提高环境质量。     

石棉尾矿水热合成建筑材料的研究

对利用石棉尾矿水热合成建筑材料进行了研究。结果表明,石棉尾矿预处理的最佳温度为９５０℃,石棉尾矿９０％,ＭＡ和ＮＢ各５％材料的性能较好。     

Using nighttime light data to estimate water evaporation inside buildings in China's urban areas

Urbanization has a great impact on urban evapotranspiration. Water evaporation inside buildings is an important part of urban water vapor resources and a crucial core of urban hydrological processes. The systematic studies on building water evaporation (BWE) are mostly the method of experimental monitoring. This study proposed a new method to simulate and estimate water evaporation flux inside buildings in urban areas. Based on the nighttime light data and urban per capita gross domestic product (GDP), a new modeling system was built to simulate the total BWE. Building area was calculated using the nighttime light data. And the BWE coefficient D_f was estimated according to the important indicator of economic development per capita GDP value. Then the water evaporation inside urban buildings and the spatial distribution of water evaporation inside buildings in typical cities could be obtained. The results showed that the total amount of water evaporation inside buildings in China's urban areas was 24.5 billion m³. Among the 31 provincial capitals in China, Shanghai had the largest BWE of 1.08 billion m³. The minimum water evaporation of buildings in Lhasa was 20.0 million m³. Studies of BWE can assess urban water budgets, support on-demand allocation of water resources, and provide a fundamental understanding of the relationship between water resources and energy heat island effects in urban areas.     

城市地下建筑内噪声源调查及建筑噪声控制措施研讨

对几个城市已开发的地下公共建筑进行噪声源调查测定,分析地下建筑内带共性的噪声源房间,如风机房、水泵房、地下柴油发电机组等,和不同使用功能的地下建筑声环境要求进行比较,并就地下现有隔空气声结构的隔声测定结果进行初步分析和评价,为今后人防地下建筑设计提供参考。     

Research on buildings impacting on aerosol diffusing in urban area using remote sensing

Employing remote sensing method to interpret the building volumetric ratio and aerosol status in Guangzhou, China. The relation between them and identified characteristics of their spatial distribution was analyzed. Results showed that building density and aerosol status are strongly correlated. It is indicated that the resistance of building to aerosol diffusing is one of factors influencing air pollution in urban area. On the basis of calculated results, building voluminous ratio of 5.6 is taken as the threshold impacting on aerosol diffusing, so the buildina voluminous ratio of Guanazhou should be limited to less than 5.6 in order to alleviate air pollution.     

汶川8.0级地震都江堰市天然气系统震害分析及救灾过程

四川都江堰市地处龙门山主山前边界大断裂上,在汶川8.0级地震烈度分布图中属于Ⅸ度区,是地震受灾最严重的城市之一。作为城市生命线的天然气供应链在本次地震中遭遇了一定的破坏。通过对都江堰市天然气系统的基本构成、震害情况以及应急救灾过程等的调查与整理,对都江堰燃气系统中门站、CNG加气站、中压配气管网及低压配气支管各组成部分在地震中的震害情况进行了分析,对震后的应急处置措施、供气恢复策略及灾后重建工作进行了综述,总结了汶川地震中都江堰天然气系统的应灾经验及救灾环节中的不足之处,并就如何提高燃气系统的抗震应灾能力提出建议。     

汶川8.0级地震非承重墙体震害调查分析

通过对汶川8.0级地震发生后西安、成都地区(地震烈度为Ⅵ～Ⅶ度区)的高层建筑震害调查,以某小区震后建筑物非承重墙体裂缝为实例,给出了高层建筑震害易发生的部位和楼层,分析了非承重墙体裂缝产生的原因。震害调查表明:汶川地震中,在抗震设防烈度为Ⅵ～Ⅷ度区,当地震烈度为Ⅵ～Ⅶ度时,非承重墙抗震性能的表现不尽如人意。提出了应对非承重墙体制定设防目标,且非承重结构构件的抗震设防目标应与主体结构设防目标相适应,使建筑结构设计,对非承重墙的抗震设防有据可依,使灾后有可能对设计与施工的质量进行评估,通过有区别地加强非承重墙的抗震构造措施,减小建筑物的震害损失。     

地震灾区分级和灾害程度排序方法研究——以汶川8.0级地震为例

根据汶川8.0级地震震害评估工作的具体实践,探讨了地震灾区分级和灾害程度排序的方法。通过房屋震害系数、强震加速度观测记录、发震构造、地震地质灾害和场地条件、人口分布及伤亡情况等影响因素来确定受灾程度,以烈度区、统计学方法、速报灾情等来确定灾区分级。     

关于新疆环境应急能力建设的探讨

阐述了新疆环境应急能力建设的重要性,对新疆环境应急现状中存在的问题进行了分析,提出了加强环境应急能力建设的几点建议。     

古城镇建筑火灾门窗洞口热辐射特征研究

为探究古城镇建筑的火灾热辐射规律,有效防范火灾,为古城镇建筑消防改造提供参考,以某城中村古建筑为例,运用热辐射理论原理,分析了建筑火灾时门窗的正对位和非正对位的热辐射特征,总结出古城镇建筑火灾时洞口和外立面热辐射的一般规律:正对位辐射时,接收面辐射通量大小随建筑木制外立面门窗洞口的增大而增加,存在安全距离;非正对位辐射...