加工中东含硫原油时常压系统恶臭污染治理对策和技术

分析了加工中东含硫原油时常压系统恶臭污染的来源。提出了防治对策，并介绍了燃烧、吸收、吸附、生物、脉冲电晕放电、光催化氧化、超临界水氧化等恶臭气体综合处理技术。     

区域可持续发展与水资源优化配置研究——以西北干旱区柴达木盆地为例

西北干旱区水资源的合理开发利用与优化配置是实现干旱区可持续发展目标的首要前提。论文依据可持续发展的基本原理,以柴达木盆地为例,设计了水资源优化配置的总体思路,对水资源优化配置的多目标进行竞争辨识,采用以投入产出模型、AHP法等定性为主的决策方法和以系统动力学模型、生产函数模型等定量为主的决策方法生成水资源优化配置基准方案,进而采用多目标决策方案优选的密切值模型求出了柴达木盆地宏观经济发展与水资源优化配置的最佳方案。     

基于保护目标制定的湖泊流域入湖河流河段划分方法——以滇池流域为例

通过科学合理地划分河段实现栖息地分类管理是恢复流域生物完整性的重要内容之一.湖泊流域入湖河流空间尺度小、坡降大、生态学过程差异性显著的特点导致其河段类型复杂多样,与河流流域河段类型的大尺度特征具有明显区别,因此,河流流域河段划分指标及其方法不适用于湖泊流域,亟需发展以栖息地分类管理为目的的湖泊流域河段划分方法.本文通过回顾河流分类的概念、划分依据及划分方法的发展历程,明确了湖泊流域河段划分理论基础,提出了基于保护目标制定的湖泊流域河段划分方法,为恢复湖泊流域生物完整性提供了更为精细的管理单元.同时,以滇池流域为例,通过筛选与大型底栖动物敏感种群和濒危种群显著相关的环境因子,建立了由地貌类型、土地利用方式、河水来源、河道人工化情况及水体营养程度构成的指标划分体系;在实现各划分指标空间化的基础上,利用空间叠加聚类技术手段,将滇池流域入湖河流划分为9个河段类型,为滇池流域水生态系统健康恢复提供了科学依据.     

污水处理厂还原硫化物和臭气浓度的电子鼻监测技术探究

用电子鼻监测技术探究污水处理厂还原硫化物质量浓度和臭气质量浓度预测方法。结果表明,使用响应面分析法(RSM)建立还原硫化物质量浓度与电子鼻响应值关系,构建还原硫化物质量浓度预测模型,准确率可达95%。使用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立不同质量浓度还原硫化物的传感器响应值与对应臭气质量浓度之间的关系,构建臭气浓度预测模型,并用实际样品验证。     

Odor dispersion modeling with CALPUFF: Case study of a waste and residue treatment incineration and utilization plant in Kocaeli,Turkey

This study addresses the odor problem at a waste and residue treatment incineration and utilization plant located within the borders the Alikahya district of the Kocaeli province in Turkey. In the first stage of the study, odor measurements were made at designated sampling points, while in the second stage, odor concentrations were determined at the receptor points through dispersion modelling using a USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) certified long-range (>50 km) CALPUFF lagrangian puff model. In the final stage, an analysis of the predicted and observed values was carried out using such statistical methods as geometric mean bias (MG), geometric variance (VG) and fractions of predictions within a factor of two observations (FAC2).

During the modelling study, the highest one-hour concentration level was found to be 1868.10 OU (Odor Units), and the 24-hour concentration level was found to be 1316 OU, representing a decrease of approximately 30 percent. According to the measurement made, the maximum concentration value was 2455 OU. Odor measurements were carried out at 13 points within the area in order to assess the prediction results. When the results were assessed using the MG, VG and FAC2 statistical methods, it was observed that an acceptable model performance was not achieved for the whole sampling point. When the reason for this was investigated, it was concluded that the observed values were lower than the predicted values due to the fact on the measurement days, the odor was dispersed by wind. It was further concluded that the observed values were higher than the predicted values as a result of odors emitted by other plants in the area. When the measurements in residential areas were examined to identify the effect of the odors, it was determined that although the primary density of settlement is to the southwest of the plant, it was not this area that was affected most, but rather the area to the northeast, where there is a lower settlement density.     

战时火力发电厂防护措施优选方法研究

针对火力发电厂的核心部位薄弱环节现状,从现代战争攻击的目标看,发电厂必须采取有针对性的防护措施。结合火力发电厂的防护措施,根据其防护性能,建立指标体系,并利用灰色关联分析建立模型。通过模型对指标体系进行分析,达到对防护措施进行优选的目的。该评估指标体系的建立及基于灰色理论评估模型的建立,对于火力发电厂防护措施的优选具有一定的现实意义,对于大坝、核电站、机场等重要目标防护措施的优选具有借鉴和参考价值。     

高职旅游专业《导游基础》课程教学研究

以调查问卷的统计结果为参考,运用定性分析和定量分析两种方法,结合学生在学习过程中存在的课程内容繁杂、识记困难等问题,从课程的特点和高职学生的特征出发,提出课程在教学过程中可通过就业驱动、多媒体手段、现场展示、案例分析、校外实践、网络化教学等方法来提高学生的学习兴趣和应用能力。     

对稳定浓度目标下温室气体排放路径的探讨

为研究稳定浓度目标下温室气体排放路径的不确定性问题,应用温室气体导致气候变化评估模型( MAGICC模型)和WRE排放情景的数据对2100年温室气体浓度控制在450和550 ppmvCO2当量目标下的排放路径及浓度变化情况进行了研究.结果显示,目标年浓度的变化取决于起始年至目标年的累计排放量和摊放路径.将排放路径峰值逐渐调整滞后时,为保证累计排放量不变,需在到达峰值后比原排放路径进行更大力度的减排.温室气体浓度在预测期内将逐渐增加,但目标年的结果变化较小,约为浓度变化最大值的1/3左右.将WRE350和WRE450排放路径的峰值分别调整至2020年和2035年时,与原排放路径相比,浓度改变的最大值分别为6.4 ppmv和22.8 ppmv,而2100年浓度的改变值分别为1.9 ppmv和7.5 ppmv.     

固废处理行业臭气治理技术及其应用

臭气的产生机理为固废与氧气相互作用在好氧或厌氧菌的影响下,其中的有机成分衍生出刺激性气味或分解形成氧化物质。固废处理行业臭气成分主要包括含硫(S)臭气、含氮(N)臭气、卤代烃、烃类化合物、含氧(O)臭气等。臭气治理技术主要有活性炭吸附技术、离子除臭技术、生物除臭技术、植物液除臭技术。应用时应考虑费用、操作、投资与实际情况的匹配程度进行技术的选择。     

The complex relationship between personal sense of connection to animals and self‐reported proenvironmental behaviors by zoo visitors

The global biodiversity crisis requires an engaged citizenry that provides collective support for public policies and recognizes the consequences of personal consumption decisions. Understanding the factors that affect personal engagement in proenvironmental behaviors is essential for the development of actionable conservation solutions. Zoos and aquariums may be some of the only places where many people can explore their relations with wild animals and proenvironmental behaviors. Using a moderated‐mediation analysis of a survey of U.S. zoo and aquarium visitors (n = 3588), we explored the relationship between the sense of connection to animals and self‐reported engagement in proenvironmental behaviors related to climate change and how this relationship is affected by certainty that climate change is happening, level of concern about climate change, and perceptions of effectiveness in personally addressing climate change. We found a significant, directional relationship between sense of connection to animals and self‐reported proenvironmental behaviors. Political inclination within the conservative to liberal spectrum did not affect the relationship. We conclude that a personal sense of connection to animals may provide a foundation for educational and communication strategies to enhance involvement in proenvironmental actions.