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61.
低压离子色谱法测定水和酸雨样品中的Li~+,Na~+,NH_4~+,K~+,Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)离子 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文介绍了低压离子色谱仪测定水样(井水、湖水、矿泉水、自来水)和酸雨中锂、钠、铵、钙、钾和镁离子的方法、欲测阳离子在阳离子交换柱上被分离,分别用1.4mmol·1~(-1)HNO_3和0.6mmol·1~(-1)乙二胺+1.2mmol·1~(-1)HNO_3溶液作流动相,流速为1.6ml·min~(-1).各离子的流分用电导检测.进样量为10μl时,Li~+,Na~+,NH_4~+,K~+,Ca~(2+)和Mg~(2+)离子的检出限(2倍噪音比),分别为0.020,0.050,0.100,0.250,2.5和1.0μg·ml~(-1). 相似文献
62.
Brian L. Gulson Dino Pisaniello Anthony J. McMichael Karen J. Mizon Michael J. Korsch Colin Luke Rosie Ashbolt David G. Pederson Graham Vimpani Kathryn R. Mahaffey 《Environmental geochemistry and health》1996,18(4):147-163
High-precision lead isotope ratios and lead concentrations have been compared statistically and graphically in women of child-bearing age (n = 77) from two smelter communities and one general urban community to evaluate the relative contributions to blood lead of tissue lead stores and lead from the contemporaneous environment (soil, floor dust, indoor airborne dust, water, food). Blood lead (PbB) contents were generally low (e.g. <10 g dL–1). Statistically significant isotopic differences in blood and environmental samples were observed between the three cities although isotopic differences in blood for individual subjects living in close proximity (200 m radius) was as large as the differences within a city. No single environmental measure dominated the biological isotope profile and in many cases the low levels of blood lead meant that their isotopic profiles could be easily perturbed by relatively small changes of environmental exposure. Apportioning of sources using lead isotopes is possibly not feasible, nor cost effective, when blood lead levels are <5 g dL–1. Interpretations based on statistical analyses of city-wide data do not give the same conclusions as when the houses are considered individually. Aggregating data from multiple subjects in a study such as this obscures potentially useful information. Most of the measures employed in this study, and many other similar studies, are markers of only short-to-medium integration of lead exposure. Serial sampling of blood and longer sampling times, especially for household variables, should provide more meaningful information. 相似文献
63.
Many environmental sampling problems involve some specified regulatory or contractual limit (RL). Often the interest is in estimating the percentile of the underlying contaminant concentration distribution corresponding to RL. The focus of this paper is on obtaining a point estimate and a lower confidence limit for that percentile when all observations are nondetectable, with the ith observation known to be less than some detection limit DLI, where DLi RL. Since composite samples are being considered, it is not unreasonable to assume an underlying normal distribution. 相似文献
64.
POLLUTION THREATS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA: AN OVERVIEW 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Roberto Danovaro 《Chemistry and Ecology》2003,19(1):15-32
This overview summarises the present knowledge on major sources of pollution, which are of concern for the Mediterranean Sea. Eutrophication, red tides, organic loads, hydrocarbon spills, heavy metal contamination and their biological effects are described on the light of the ecological characteristics of the Mediterranean. In particular special attention is paid to the "new pollution" processes; i.e. , the introduction of novel substances with biological activity that might have synergetic effects with "classical pollutants". Different compartments and marine ecosystems are considered and compared. The degree of anthropogenic impact and its apparent trends are discussed. Possible monitoring plans and remedial actions for a sustainable management of coastal zones subjected to increasing pollution are also suggested. 相似文献
65.
Simulation of sludge-dredging effects in controlling nutrient release of Lake Kasumigaura with large-size core samples 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Simulationofsludge-dredgingeffectsincontrollingnutrientreleaseofLakeKasumigaurawithlarge-sizecoresamples¥FanChengxin(NanjingI... 相似文献
66.
用中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞(V_(79)),进行次黄嘌呤—鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶位点(HGPRT Locus)试验,检测了上海市若干环境污染物的诱变性。结果发现,污染物量与诱变性之间呈剂量—反应关系。所有样品经代谢活化后(加S_9),其诱变性均有增高的趋势。卷烟焦油、油烟冷凝物的T/C值均>3,而不加S_9的黄浦江水和自来水样,则对V_(79)细胞可能具有间接的诱变作用(T/C值<3)。 相似文献
67.
高效原油降解菌处理油田采出水 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
利用油田采用废水中原有微生物种群分离驯化出的高效原油降解菌,通过单一菌种高效原油降解菌降解性能实验,高效混合菌正交实验,最佳组合菌株的连续生物处理油田采出水实验,都取得了处理低浓度含油废水的良好效果。这表明在常规物理,化学法处理油田采出水的基础上,利用生物再空度处理是可行的。 相似文献
68.
69.
Muhlbauer评分法在输油管道风险评价中的应用及分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
与其它运输方式相比,管道运输在正常运行情况下,其环境污染小。但是,产生事故后其环境风险大。本文利用Muhlbauer评分法对天津-北京航空煤油输送管道进行了风险评价,经过模拟计算后,定量分析了该输油管道的相对风险数,并提出了提高管道运行安全性的措施。评价结果表明:该管道的相对风险数为59,存在一定风险,但风险可接受。相对风险数中可变因素占66.5%,在不增加项目基建投资基础上,通过加强管理等措施,可提高可变因素的指数分值和相对风险数,使管道安全性能提高16.1%。 相似文献
70.