江苏东沙的资源及其开发潜力

东沙是江苏岸外沙洲中面积最大、高程最高的一个沙滩,但尚未开发利用。本文据实地调查、海图卫片、文献资料,分析了东沙的土地资源、生物资源和能源的开发潜力,并就如何因地制宜、合理利用,提出了建议。     

Intra-specific variations of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations in Songnen Plain, northeast China

Population demography, seed production, biomassallocation, net photosynthesis and transpiration of two Leymus chinensis divergence populations and between two years in Songnenplain, northeast China were compared. Strong differences betweenthe dry 1997 and moist 1998 occurred in vegetative shoot and sexualshoot densities, sexual differentiation and tiller densities, aswell as in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers perinflorescence, seed weights and biomass allocation in eachpopulation respectively (P<0.01). While strong differences betweenthe two populations occurred in vegetative shoot densities, sexualshoot densities, sexual differentiation and seed weights in eachyear (P<0.01). The differences between the two populations intiller densities and in biomass allocation to sexual shoots were significant (P<0.05). But there were no significant differences between the two populations in the lengths of inflorescence, seed numbers per inflorescence and biomass allocation to rhizomes and vegetative shoots (P>0.05). Excepting the transpiration rate in the early June, the differences between the two populations in net photosynthesis and transpiration rate of vegetative shoots and sexual shoots were strongly significant in the early June and July respectively (P<0.01). Relative stable variations in population demography and physiological traits between the two populations indicated that they are divergently in the Songnen Plain.     

天津港ISO 14001环境管理体系的建立与前景展望

ＩＳＯ１４００１环境管理标准体系在企业环境管理方面的应用正逐步开展起来。通过对天津港环境保护管理工作的总结，提出了ＩＳＯ１４００１环境管理体系在天津港建立的必要性及构想，探讨了港区进行环境管理的思路、特点和运行程序，提出了在建立ＩＳＯ１４００１环境管理体系，建设生态化港口是切实可行的。     

Nitrogen cycling of atmosphere-plant-soft system in the typical Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

The nitrogen(N)distribution and cycling of atmosphere-plant-soil system in the typical meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland (TMCW)and marsh meadow Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland(MMCW)in the Sanjiang plain were studied by a compartment model.The results showed that the N wet deposition amount was 0.757 gN/(m~2.a),and total inorganic N(TIN)was the main body (0.640 gN/(m~2.a)).The ammonia volatilization amounts of TMCW and MMCW soils in growing season were 0.635 and 0.687 gN/m~2, and the denitrification gaseous lost amounts were 0.617 and 0.405 gN/m~2,respectively.In plant subsystem,the N was mainly stored in root and litter.Soil organic N was the main N storage of the two plant-soil systems and the proportions of it were 93.98% and 92.16%, respectively.The calculation results of N turnovers among compartments of TMCW and MMCW showed that the uptake amounts of root were 23.02 and 28.18 gN/(m~2.a)and the values of aboveground were 11.31 and 6.08 gN/(m~2.a),the re-translocation amounts from aboveground to root were 5.96 and 2.70 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from aboveground living body to litter were 5.35 and 3.38 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from litter to soil were larger than 1.55 and 3.01 gN/(m~2.a),the translocation amounts from root to soil were 14.90 and 13.17 gN/(m~2.a),and the soil(0-15 cm)N net mineralization amounts were 1.94 and 0.55 gN/(m~2.a), respectively.The study of N balance indicated that the two plant-soil systems might be situated in the status of lacking N,and the status might induce the degradation of C.angustifolia wetland.     

长春南湖环境水化学动态变化及其影响因素分析

应用最大方差旋转因子分析法分析了长春南湖2004年监测的10项水化学指标,提取到三个主因子代表原信息的90.23%,利用24个观测量在第一和第二主因子上的得分对其进行聚类,各观测量均聚到相应月份中.结果显示在时间变化上7月富营养化程度最高,8月水体有机污染程度相对较低,分析水质在空间分布上的特征中得到,外源污染对水体质量影响深刻,不同监测点位的有机物污染和富营养化程度存在较大差异.     

极低频电磁场对健康影响的流行病学调查及人体测试研究进展

流行病学调查结果表明，环境的极低频电磁场暴露与人群某些肿瘤，如白血病、乳腺癌、脑肿瘤等，以及生殖、神经、心血管和内分泌等系统疾患的发病相关，这些结果在一定程度上得到实验室人体测试的支持。然而，极低频电磁场对健康影响的确切效应，迄今尚未能作出结论，亟等进一步开展多层次、多水平的研究。     

炼油厂污水处理负荷的削减措施

总结和分析了某厂削减污水处理负荷的主要措施及效益，预测该厂在达到16000kt/a以上加工规模时的污水处理负荷。     

柯树背岩体铀金成矿远景分析

本文在研究柯树背岩体矿物岩石学特征基础上 ,通过对该岩体的铀金成矿元素丰度、铀金矿化类型、铀金矿石物质成分及成矿阶段的划分、矿脉的铀金含量及其相关关系、围岩蚀变及原生晕特点、铀金矿化控制因素的详细研究 ,从岩体的放射性地质地球化学特点、岩体蚀变及剥蚀强度、岩石化学及稀土元素地球化学、矿脉向深部的变化趋势等几个方面分析了该岩体的铀金成矿远景及今后找矿工作的意见 ,指出该岩体西体南部断续出现的柯树背—隘高断裂上盘 1km范围与下寮—大坑里断裂夹持区为铀金成矿远景区。     

充分发挥作物品种资源在粮食增产中的作用

我国十分重视品种资源的收集保存和研究利用，并利用各种优异品种资源育成一批又一批新品种，主要粮食作物推广的品种经历了４～５次更换，随之粮食作物产量由５０年代的１１５５ｋｇ／ｈm₂增加到１９９４年的４０６５ｋｇ／ｈm₂。迄今，我国收集的粮食作物品种资源约２４万份，并对其中２０万份进行了主要农艺性状、品质、抗逆、抗病虫鉴定和评价，筛选出大量具有优良性状的资源，有的已在我国粮食增产中发挥了明显作用，应充分利用新技术，加速现有粮食作物品种资源的鉴定和开发利用；根据生产和育种的需要，不断收集新资源，深入鉴定筛选优良资源；并创造新物种或中间材料。     

Rapid prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy from uncultured amniotic fluid cells using five-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization

In this paper we describe the use of five-colour fluorescence in situ hybridization for prenatal diagnosis of aneuploidy using uncultured amniotic fluid cells. The analysis is based on ratio mixing of dual-labelled probes and digital imaging for the detection and visualization of five different probes specific for the five target chromosomes, 13, 18, 21, X, and Y. A retrospective blind analysis of 30 coded uncultured amniotic fluid samples correctly detected fetal sex and five trisomy 21 cases. Multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridization used in this way allows rapid and simultaneous detection of the most frequent aneuploidies.