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排序方式: 共有329条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
321.
Elyzabeth W. Engle 《Local Environment》2013,18(8):746-761
ABSTRACTCentral Appalachia's historical dependence on natural resource extraction industries has contributed to a long history of under- and uneven development, including trends of persistent poverty, cycles of unemployment, weakened local governance, environmental degradation, and severe social inequalities relative to the rest of the nation. Though these trends have been well documented at structural and community-levels, scholarship is more limited in assessing how the conditions of natural resource dependency may shape the everyday experiences of those who live in such regions and how those everyday experiences may illuminate challenges for future development. Employing an embedded case study design, this study examines how everyday environmental injustices may be experienced via community gardening activities, a sustainable development-oriented activity celebrated in urban locations but largely unexplored in rural environments. Drawing upon in-depth interviews with 43 gardening programme coordinators and participants, the findings demonstrate that everyday environmental injustices are experienced across four distinct, yet overlapping and mutually reinforcing, dimensions: natural, built, human health, and socioeconomic environments. These factors in turn constrain programme participation and beneficial programme outcomes, particularly for more disadvantaged households that are affected by chronic illness, geographic isolation, and environmental hazards. Although the interviewees viewed many of these challenges as further justification for pursuing grassroots initiatives like community gardening programmes, these constraints also interacted in a way that limited the success of these locally-oriented sustainable development efforts, particularly for individuals who are the most socially, economically, and environmentally marginalised. 相似文献
322.
《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2013,7(1):83-103
An effective response to global environmental challenges requires analysis of communication patterns, processes and approaches. In addition, improving communication through emerging information and communication technologies (ICT) also must be explored. Understanding recipients’ perception of the innovations used in information diffusion is also necessary. This study, using a sample of 120 subjects, examined attitudes of leaders of community-based natural resources organizations toward two approaches used in public instructional communication in the Okavango Delta, Botswana. The quasi-experimental study also explored the effect of demographic variables on subjects’ attitudes. The results demonstrated more favorable attitudes toward the visualized method than the traditional verbal method, suggesting subjects’ preference and acceptance for the visualized public instructional communication approaches. Results also indicated a differential effect of age on attitude toward methods of communication. The results of the study highlight the importance for practitioners to use integrated communication approaches in the public sphere. Suggestions for future research are offered. 相似文献
323.
Impacts of atrazine in aquatic ecosystems 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
A portion of all herbicides applied to forests, croplands, road sides, and gardens are inevitably lost to water bodies either directly through runoff or indirectly by leaching through groundwater into ephemeral streams and lakes. Once in the aquatic environment, herbicides may cause stress within aquatic communities and radically alter community structure. Atrazine is one of the most effective and inexpensive herbicides in the world and is consequently used more frequently than any other herbicide. Atrazine is frequently detected in aquatic waters, and has been known to affect reproduction of aquatic flora and fauna, which in turn impacts on the community structure as a whole. This paper presents a summary of the reported direct and indirect impacts of atrazine on aquatic organisms and community structure. The information can be used for developing improved management guidelines and legislation. It is concluded that a single universal maximum limit on the atrazine application in catchments, as suggested by many regulatory authorities, does not provide adequate protection of the aquatic environment. Rather, it is advocated that flexible limits on the application of atrazine be developed in line with the potential risk of contamination to surface and subsurface water and fragility of the aquatic environment. 相似文献
324.
Resource consumption in developing countries has been the focus of a considerable amount of research. What has been understudied however, has been the feedback affects of resource consumption on resource availability to both households and communities. Heavy reliance on natural resources and intensive smallholder agriculture common to many rural communities in developing countries has forced people to fulfill short-term needs to the detriment of long-term ecological and livelihood sustainability. This paper introduces a conceptual framework to examine how individuals and households fulfill daily caloric needs and the aggregate effects on resource availability and consumption. Data were collected from a large number of published case studies of rural land-use dynamics, growth and yield models, and human livelihoods were reviewed from scientific journals, reports published by NGOs, and government reports. Using inputs defined by the user, the model tracks annual fuelwood and agricultural land use based on meeting individual energy demands. A case-study-based analysis was patterned after smallholder agriculturalists at the family and community level. Three scenarios are presented in this paper using data from Uganda to illustrate the application of this model. 相似文献
325.
326.
于2013年9月对连云港市某泥砂质潮间带3个站位的大型底栖动物进行调查,结果表明,有大型底栖动物57种,其中多毛类23种,甲壳类18种,软体动物10种,其他类群6种。该潮间带大型底栖动物的总平均丰度为2 119.1 m-2,总平均生物量为66.34 g/m2,其中光滑狭口螺(Stenothyra glabar)在高潮带的丰度高达3 082.7 m-2,整个潮间带丰度呈现由高潮带向低潮带逐渐降低的趋势。潮间带Shannon-Wiener多样性指数平均值3.26;整个调查潮间带的沉积物环境较清洁。 相似文献
327.
于2021年5月对淮安境内淮河主要干支流8个点位的水质状况和着生藻类群落结构采样调查,应用3种多样性指数模型评价区域水生态健康状况,并探究影响着生藻类多样性的因素。结果表明:采样期间淮河流域淮安市域共检出着生藻类3门23科32属(种),由硅藻门、蓝藻门和绿藻门组成,硅藻门占绝对优势;多样性指数计算结果显示,流域水生态状况良好,整体表现为清洁-轻污型水体,淮河上游水质稍差于其他水域;结合水质监测数据与卫星遥感影像分析,认为生境状况是影响着生藻类群落分布的主要因素。 相似文献
328.
以南京市环境监测中心站的实践为例,初步探讨了地市级环境监测站转型发展的优势和困难、总体思路和分步措施。针对转型中存在的人力不足、人才培养滞后、制度和机制与发展需求不匹配等问题,引入社会检测力量,释放人力,促进人员初步转型,并建立组织管理体系、资金管理体系和质控管理体系,试行人员持证上岗制,为顺利转型提供保障。提出强化人才转型、对外的质控与监管、对内的精细化管理、监测成果的挖掘分析,以及对区县站的扶持,进一步深化转型发展。 相似文献
329.
Bingdi Liu Lin Zhang Jason H. Knouft Fangqiong Ling 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(5):64