浅谈资源城市环保产业发展现状及对策探讨

从煤炭资源型城市鹤岗市环保产业现状出发,立足我国环保产业发展方向,对鹤岗市环保产业现状、发展中存在的问题和障碍,进行了分析和探讨,并在此基础上提出了大力发展环保产业的对策和发展趋向。     

浅谈学会在创建资源科学中的地位与作用——纪念中国自然资源学会成立30周年

资源科学的创建与发展,中国自然资源学会起到了十分重要的作用。论文以中国自然资源学会组织或参与组织的我国创建与发展资源科学的四项最重要的基础性工作为主线,即中国资源科学的实践总结——《中国自然资源丛书》、中国资源科学大型理论工具书——《中国资源科学百科全书》、中国资源科学启蒙作——《资源科学》专著、资源科学概念的语言符号——《资源科学技术名词》,从每项工作的撰写背景、组织机构、主要内容、社会评价等方面入手,揭示了资源科学的创建与发展历程,总结了学会发展与学科建设的关系。     

论环境资源的有偿使用

本文分析了环境资源的稀缺性及其具有的使用价值,指出只有在资源分配中引入市场的价值规律,才能公平地、有效地使用环境资源,避免掠夺性的占用。文章呼吁研究建立我国环境资源及排污许可证的交易市场。      

环境监测站资源优化配置的设想

分析了现行计划体制下环境监测站资源配置的弊端,提出通过人事管理制度、分配制度、经营机制等方面的创新,采取以市场机制为基础的竞争性的资源配置方式,发挥市场经济优化配置资源的基础职能,最终达到资源的优化配置。     

水资源经济价值影响因素的分析

从自然、经济、社会和水环境4个方面定性分析了其对水资源经济价值的影响,并就这些因素所涵盖的主要量化指标实证分析了我国31个省市自治区水资源的经济价值,进而对如何提高水资源经济价值提出了若干建议,旨在促进水资源的可持续发展与利用,以及人与自然的和谐发展。     

International organization and EIA in developing countries

International EIA activity has two origins. First, there is increasing concern over conflict between developmental and environmental interests within the economic development system. Second, EIA appeals to international agencies and governments as a well-defined, internally integrated procedure and planning tool. EIA activities involve political, institutional, and technical motivations and goals for the international bodies and the governments of countries receiving aid. Three criteria may be used to evaluate international EIA from the perspective of policy makers and administrators in the countries: political support, institutional strengthening, and technical capability. This paper reviews the influence of the United Nations system and of some multilateral and bilateral development assistance agencies in promoting EIA in developing countries. The extent the nature of the influence donors have on EIA in developing countries is shaped as much by the interests and organizational characteristics of the donors as by the needs and priorities of the recipients.     

The global environment: Past,present and future

The changing status of the global environment, in both developed and developing countries, and our perception of these changes since the convening of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972 are reviewed. The present as well as potential future environmental issues facing mankind are discussed under three interrelated broad categories: interrelationship between people, resources, environment and development, rational use of natural resources and new patterns of development and lifestyle.     

浅论循环经济与环境污染综合治理

介绍循环经济的主要特征及其对环境、资源的有利影响，指出化工企业的发展应走新型工业化道路。     

环境质量消费的经济学分析

以理性经济人，环境质量的需求和供给可以充分市场化，环境质量与地租正相关为理论假并把消费者抽象为高，低收入两个团体，通过建立理论模型来探讨消费者收入水平，环境质量的供给特性和环境质量消 这间的一般规律，结果表明（１）消费者收为公共物品，它 给方式也影响实际消费，由于环境质量存在空间差异，这种影响可以通过空间迁移选择来体现；（４）政府通过管理来调控环境质量供给，需求和消费的再分配。     

Shell acquisition by hermit crabs: which tactic is more efficient?

Gastropod shells are limited resources for most hermit crab species, acting as primary factors in various aspects of their biology. To investigate the efficacy of different behavioral tactics adopted for their acquisition (locomotion, attendance at shell-supplying sites, interactions with conspecifics in aggregation) we conducted observations and experiments at a salt marsh in New England (USA). Locomotion, fast and meandering, significantly increased the chances of encountering empty shells and conspecifics. However, shell exchanges were rare. Simulated gastropod predation sites quickly attracted a larger number of hermit crabs than the other shell-supplying sites tested (live and dead conspecifics, live snails) and induced the rapid occupancy of all the empty shells offered, usually by the first crabs arriving at the site. Aggregations seemed not to function as shell exchange markets, as previously suggested for several other species. In the short run, exploitation seems to be more efficient for the acquisition of new shells by Pagurus longicarpus. In the long run, it is the density of nondestructive gastropod predators that regulates the availability of new shells of good quality in the pool available to this hermit crab species.