绥中县部分居室室内空气中甲醛和苯系物污染调查分析

通过对室内环境中甲醛和苯系物的测定,对绥中县部分室内空气的污染情况及控制进行了调查和分析。结果表明：不同污染物中,甲醛污染最重,苯和甲苯其次,二甲苯最轻。不同房间类型中,阁楼污染相对最重,书房和卧室其次,大厅相对最轻。提出了室内空气污染主要控制措施。     

浅谈城市生活垃圾填埋场环境影响评价要点

根据目前我国卫生填埋场的实际情况,对生活垃圾填埋场工程环境影响评价中场址的选择、渗滤液处理、清洁生产、污染控制方法经济技术可行性分析以及封场后的生态恢复等进行了阐述。     

海洋环境下飞机液压系统水污染问题研究

通过水污染危害实例和外军水污染对比试验资料,提出了重视海洋环境下飞机液压系统水污染问题的必要性。分析了水污染的作用机理,重点研究了水分监测、水污染净化和防护等几个关键问题,为飞机液压系统水污染监控和净化提供了有益的借鉴。     

海南国际旅游岛旅游水环境现状调查与分析

界定了旅游水环境的概念,采用资料调查、咨询访问和个别现场调查等方法,对海南省旅游水环境进行了调查与分析。结果表明,海南省1989年至2008年旅游业的用水量占全省生活用水量的比例都很小,对海南水资源总量的影响也很小,2008年三亚市、海口市和万宁市三个城市的旅游业用水量之和占到全省旅游业总用水量的79.9%;海南省河流、水库、海域和地下水环境质量总体优良,仅有少量监测出现超标现象;在旅游水环境重点保护对象中,海南中部山区河流源头水、主要滨海旅游区近岸海域、三大河流和两大水库等水体水质均为优良,城镇、乡镇集中式生活饮用水水源地和城市河段大多数水体水质满足环境功能要求,有少量水体水质超标。河流、水库和个别城镇集中式生活饮用水水源地水质超标主要是农业面源污染和生活污水的污染。乡镇集中式生活饮用水水源地水质超标的主要原因是受海水、生活污水、生活垃圾、分散式畜禽养殖污水等的渗透污染和土壤中铁、猛背景值含量较高所致。     

重金属对好氧颗粒污泥性能的影响

以葡萄糖为碳源,以絮状污泥为接种污泥,以序批式污泥反应器为反应装置,考察了重金属离子锌、铜和铅对好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性及去除有机物、氨氮的影响.结果表明,在温度为25℃,pH值为7时,成功实现了好氧颗粒污泥的培养.重金属的加入使得污泥颗粒变小,在重金属离子浓度2～50mg/L范围内,三种金属离子锌、铜和铅对COD的去除率...     

化工企业搬迁场地环境调查实践与思考

化工企业搬迁遗留下的土地存在较大的环境风险,这些场地要改变土地利用方式,必须对场地内的土壤及地下水污染情况进行详细调查和评估。结合武汉市调查实践总结了采样点布设、评价标准及管理体系等方面的经验,同时对调查过程中出现的异常采样点、异常土壤以及地下水评价等问题进行了思考和分析,对其他同类城市的化工企业搬迁场地环境调查具有参考价值。     

廊坊市土壤重金属现状研究

文章通过对廊坊市区县土壤重金属监测数据分析,采用单项污染指数法和综合污染指数法,综合评价当地土壤重金属的污染状况,并对当地土壤环境质量作出综合评价。     

舟山附近海域表层沉积物中重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价

根据2009年8月在舟山附近海域采集的表层沉积物中6种重金属的检测结果,利用变异系数法、单种重金属污染指数法、多种重金属综合污染指数法,对表层沉积物中各重金属的空间波动及污染程度进行了分析,并利用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对单种和多种重金属的潜在生态危害程度进行了评价.结果表明:表层沉积物中重金属平均含量顺序依...     

Eco-toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil

Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) contaminated soil samples were collected from Shengli Oilfield of China. Toxicity analysis was carried out based on earthworm acute toxicity, plant growth experiment and luminescent bacteria test. The soil was contaminated bypetroleum hydrogcarbons with TPH concentration of 10.57%. With lethal and sub-lethal rate as endpoint, earthworm test showed that the LD50 (lethal dose 50%) values in 4 and 7 days were 1.45% and 1.37% respectively, and the inhibition rate of earthworm body weight increased with higher oil concentration. TPH pollution in the soil inhibited seed germination in both wheat and maize experiment when the concentration of petroleum was higher than 0.1%. The EC50 (e ective concentration 50%) for germination is 3.04% and 2.86% in maize and wheat, respectively. While lower value of EC50 for root elongation was to be 1.11% and 1.64% in maize and wheat, respectively, suggesting higher sensitivity of root elongation on petroleum contamination in the soil. The EC50 value in luminescent bacteria test was 0.47% for petroleum in the contaminated soil. From the experiment result, it was concluded that TPH content of 1.5% is considered to be a critical value for plant growth and living of earthworm and 0.5% will a ect the activity of luminescent bacteria.     

Succession of bacterial community along with the removal of heavy crude oil pollutants by multiple biostimulation treatments in the Yellow River Delta, China

Multiple biostimulation treatments were applied to enhance the removal of heavy crude oil pollutants in the saline soil of Yellow River Delta. Changes of the soil bacterial community were monitored using the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and clone library analyses. The 140-day microcosm experiments showed that low C:N:P ratio, high availability of surfactant and addition of bulking agent significantly enhanced the performance, leading to the highest total petroleum hydrocarbon removal. Meanwhile, the bacterial community was remarkably changed by the multiple biostimulation treatments, with the Deltaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria and Planctomycetes being inhibited and the Alpha- and Beta-proteobacteria and some unknown Gammaproteobacteria bacteria being enriched. In addition, different hydrocarbon-degraders came to power in the following turn. At the first stage, the Alcanivorax-veldXed Gammaproteobacteria bacteria dominated in the biostimulated soil and contributed mainly to the biodegradation of easily degradable portion of the heavy crude oil. Then the bacteria belonging to Alphaproteobacteria, followed by bacteria belonging to Candidate division OD1, became the dominant oil-degraders to degrade the remaining recalcitrant constituents of the heavy crude oil.