顶空进样气相色谱法测定碱渣中挥发性硫

采用顶空进样气相色谱法测定碱渣中有机硫化物及无机硫化物。本法具有操作简单、卫生、分析速度快、定性定量准确，不需对样品进行预处理等优点，可在其它炼厂推广应用     

胶体分光光度法测定环境水质中硫化物的方法研究

探讨了用胶体分光光度法测定环境水质中硫化物，系统地研究了稳定时间，干扰物质、溶液的酸碱度对测定的影响。提出了测定的最佳条件，方法的检测限为０．０９ｍｇ／ｌ，相对标准偏差为３．３％加标加收率在９０．８－１０１．７％之间。     

硫酸盐还原——甲烷化两相厌氧处理工艺中的回流比研究

以硫酸盐还原—产甲烷两相厌氧新型工艺处理含高浓度硫酸盐有机废水,气提塔出水的回流比的操作选择十分关键。根据、电离平衡理论及最佳工艺条件要求(液相中的C_L(H_2S)≥208mg/L,c(S~(2-))≤500mg/L)推导出估算回流比的模型为[Bc_0(SO_4~(2-))/1500-1]/η≤R≤[Bc_0(SO_4~(2-))(1.49×10~(pH-7) 1)~(-1)/588-1]/η。以该模型为依据处理SO_4~(2-)浓度为10000mg/L合成废水时,得到总COD去除率和总硫酸盐还原率分别为92.6％和97.6％。     

生物脱硫机理及其研究进展

生物脱硫是８０年代发展起来的常规脱硫替代新工艺，通过微生物菌群的作用，可将硫化物转化成单质硫并回收，在生物脱硫过程中，氧化态的含硫污染物必须先经生物还原作用生成硫化物或Ｈ２Ｓ。然后再经生物氧化过程生成单质硫，才能去除。该文着重介绍了光合细菌和无色硫细菌的脱硫机理及其影响因素，光合细菌脱硫，由于条件苛刻，研究进展不大，仍处于分批试验或实验室小试阶段；无色硫细菌脱硫，近年来很活跃，并取得一些进展，已进     

硫化物恶臭气体的生物处理机理与应用

致臭的含硫化合物，尤其是二甲基硫化物的生物处理去除率较低，通过分离鉴定或悬浮，附着生长培养等手段，发展能降解气相硫化物的主要是化能自养型和甲基营养型的微生物，它们能将硫化物定量地氧化为SO4^2-和CO2，大部分能降解甲基硫化物的微生物，其适宜PH为中性，甲硫醇和硫化氢是二甲基硫代谢的中间体，参与二甲基硫代的酶系统不稳定，是处理效果不佳的主要原因，利用纯细胞接种，可有效地提高生物过滤器的脱臭效果，今后可从高效菌选育和固定化方式的改进等方面，进一步提高气相含硫恶臭物的生物处理效果。     

PTR-MS measurements and analysis of models for the calculation of Henry's law constants of monosulfides and disulfides

Sulfides are known for their strong odor impact even at very low concentrations. Here, we report Henry’s law constants (HLCs) measured at the nanomolar concentration range in water for monosulfides (dimethylsulfide, ethylmethylsulfide, diethylsulfide, allylmethylsulfide) and disulfides (dimethyldisulfide, diethylsulfide, dipropylsulfide) using a dynamic stripping technique coupled to Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS). The experimental data were compared with literature values and to vapor/solubility calculations and their consistency was confirmed employing the extra-thermodynamic enthalpy-entropy compensation effect. Our experimental data are compatible with reported literature values, and they are typically lower than averaged experimental literature values by about 10%. Critical comparison with other freely available models (modeled vapor/solubility; group and bond additivity methods; Linear Solvation Energy Relationship; SPARC) was performed to validate their applicability to monosulfides and disulfides. Evaluation of theoretical models reveals a large deviation from our measured values by up to four times (in units of M atm⁻¹). Two group contribution models were adjusted in view of the new data, and HLCs for a list of sulfur compounds were calculated. Based on our findings we recommend the evaluation and adaption of theoretical models for monosulfides and disulfides to lower values of solubility and higher values of fugacity.     

Heavy metal removal from synthetic wastewaters in an anaerobic bioreactor using stillage from ethanol distilleries as a carbon source

This work was conducted to investigate the possibility of using stillage from ethanol distilleries as substrate for sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) growth and to evaluate the removal efficiency of heavy metals present in wastewaters containing sulfates. The experiments were carried out in a continuous bench-scale Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor (13 l) operated with a hydraulic retention time of 18 h. The bioreactor was inoculated with 7 l of anaerobic sludge. Afterwards, an enrichment procedure to increase SRB numbers was started. After this, cadmium and zinc were added to the synthetic wastewater, and their removal as metal sulfide was evaluated. The synthetic wastewater used represented the drainage from a dam of a metallurgical industry to which a carbon source (stillage) was added. The results showed that high percentages of removal (>99%) of Cd and Zn were attained in the bioreactor, and that the removal as sulfide precipitates was not the only form of metal removal occurring in the bioreactor environment.     

Combined Fenton process and sulfide precipitation for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater: Bench and pilot scale studies focusing on in-depth thallium removal

Addition of alkali to pH 10 is effective for precipitation of precipitable metals. Fenton treatment is effective for substantial removal of Tl, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Sulfide precipitation is a final step for removal of trace Tl, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. Bench and pilot studies demonstrated the effectiveness of this combined technique. Thallium (Tl) in industrial wastewater is a public health concern due to its extremely high toxicity. However, there has been limited research regarding Tl removal techniques and engineering practices to date. In this investigation, bench and pilot studies on advanced treatment of industrial wastewater to remove Tl to a trace level were conducted. The treatment process involved a combination of hydroxide precipitation, Fenton oxidation, and sulfide precipitation. While hydroxide precipitation was ineffective for Tl+ removal, it enabled the recovery of approximately 70%–80% of Zn as Zn hydroxide in alkaline conditions. The Fenton process provided good Tl removal (>95%) through oxidation and precipitation. Tl was then removed to trace levels (<1.0 µg/L) via sulfide precipitation. Effective removal of other heavy metals was also achieved, with Cd<13.4 µg/L, Cu<39.6 µg/L, Pb<5.32 µg/L, and Zn<357 µg/L detected in the effluent. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that Tl2S precipitate formed due to sulfide precipitation. Other heavy metals were removed via the formation of metal hydroxides during hydroxide precipitation and Fenton treatment, as well as via the formation of metal sulfides during sulfide precipitation. This combined process provides a scalable approach for the in-depth removal of Tl and other heavy metals from industrial wastewater.     

水中硫化物形态分析方法研究

本文研究了水中硫化物形态分析的方法,提出了一件简便、准确、灵敏的分析方法,并用此方法分析了河水及生活污水水样,获得满意效果,其溶解态硫化物所占百分比为10.3～71.7％。     

硫化砷渣全湿法制备单质砷的研究

以硫化砷渣为原料,用氯化铜酸性溶液浸出砷渣的全湿法进行实验,着重研究氯化铜浸出砷的过程中氯化铜用量、溶液p H和浸出时间对砷浸出率的影响,探讨用氯化亚锡还原砷盐酸溶液从硫化砷渣得到单质砷的方法。