金属冶炼企业大气污染的安全评价

随着我国现代工业的发展,金属冶炼过程中产生的SO2烟气及重金属尘毒对环境的污染越来越严重。针对湖南水口山矿务局主要金属冶炼企业的大气污染进行了调查、统计、分析和安全评价。评价结果表明：造成大气污染的危险源主要是冶炼企业所排放废气中含有大量的SO2烟气及重金属尘毒。在查明了污染源和危害的基础上,提出了科学治污的措施与方法。     

污水海洋处置综合研究

对污水海洋（河口）处置进行了综合研究:全面提出污水排海的建议标准;首次对我国近岸海域进行污水海洋处置度分区;提出利用组合点容量进行海域污水海洋处置规划的方法;对我国污水海洋处置预处理技术作了调查分析;开发建立了污水海洋处置室内实验新技术;全面研究和建立了适用于各种情况下的数值模型。      

软煤层综放工作面注水防尘中的工艺问题

以现场注水试验和实验室实验结果为依据,分析并讨论了目前研究甚少而又对注水防尘实施,特别是在软煤层综放工作面实施很重要的工艺问题,提出了适宜的钻孔、封孔、润湿效果考察方法以及表面活性剂应用中的浓度选择、种类选择和应用的必要性评价方法     

Relationships between hope,optimism, and conservation engagement

The loss and degradation of nature can lead to hopelessness and despair, which may undermine engagement in conservation actions. Emerging movements, such as that behind the organization Conservation Optimism, aim to avert potential despair of those involved in conservation. Some argue that fostering positive states, such as hope or optimism, can motivate engagement and action; however, others question whether fostering hope or optimism may inadvertently undermine perceived gravity of conservation challenges. We examined this issue by quantifying dispositional hope and optimism with a representative sample of Australians (n = 4285) and assessing their relationship with indicators of conservation engagement. We used the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) in Australia as a case study. We asked participants what they could do to help the GBR, then classified their responses into 2 outcome variables: identifying climate actions (i.e., actions that tackle the main threat to the reef) and identifying plastic actions (i.e., actions that are popular among community members). We also quantified likelihood of performing these actions and appraisals of both threats and actions. One dimension of hope, hope pathways (defined by Snyder's hope theory as knowing different ways to act), was associated with greater capacity to identify climate-related behaviors (odds ratio [OR] = 1.44) and plastic reduction behaviors (OR = 1.22) and greater likelihood of adopting climate-related actions (β = 0.20). Optimism was associated with recognition of plastic reduction behaviors only (OR = 1.22). Neither hope nor optimism undermined appraisal of conservation threats. The effects of optimism were mediated by reduced action futility, and effects of hope pathways were mediated by stronger perceptions of threats to the reef (threat appraisal) and confidence in performing useful actions (coping appraisal). Our findings suggest that dispositional hope can strengthen, rather than undermine, appraisal of conservation challenges and solutions and thereby increase conservation engagement.     

一种军事电子系统批生产三维考核体系探究

介绍了一种军事电子系统装备在批生产过程中进行生产过程管理、技术状态管理和技术质量提升等方面工作时的考核指标体系,其从过程、质量和成本三个维度对批生产工作进行全方位考核。     

农林复合生态系统氮素平衡及其评价

农业生态系统中养分的平衡状况及其合理性评价，是探讨农业生产和环境变化的前提和基础。选择三峡库区上游川中丘陵区一典型农林复合生态系统，依据系统养分循环概念模型，进行了农田和林地定位监测、耕地和盆钵模拟试验以及参与式农户调查等，研究系统的氮素各收入支出参数，计算系统的氮素平衡并对平衡合理性进行评价。结果表明，本复合生态系统旱地和整个农田子系统氮素略有盈余，盈亏量分别为56.1 kg/hm2·a和42 kg/hm\2·a，实际盈亏率为10.4%和8.2%；而水稻田和复合系统有少量亏缺，盈亏量分别为-13.21 kg/hm2·a和-37.5 kg/hm2·a，实际盈亏率分别为为-3.2%和-7.8%；林地亏缺较大，盈亏量为-165.9 kg/hm2·a，实际盈亏率为-39.2%。模型计算的允许盈亏率（旱地23.4%，水稻田-37.2%）评价表明，旱地和水稻田目前的氮素平衡基本上是合理的。与1960s系统氮平衡比较，可以看到林地在减少水土流失、促进养分的合理循环方面发挥了重要作用，应受到充分的重视。     

Environmental leapfrogging in developing countries: A critical assessment and reconstruction

It has been suggested in recent years that developing countries need not pass through the dirty stages of industrial growth that marred the past of today's developed countries. Instead, they may be able to bypass these by leapfrogging straight to modern, clean technologies as an integral part of capacity addition. This article critically reviews existing approaches to leapfrogging. It argues that they are not only characterized by considerable ambiguity, but also based on an incomplete understanding of the technological and policy requirements of cleaner industrialization. Consequently, the article goes on to offer a number of suggestions as to how current approaches might be advanced so as to better meet the challenge of leapfrogging. Amongst these suggestions is greater clarification of the specific targets for leapfrogging and policy intervention to accelerate the development of technological capabilities needed to select, absorb and innovate leapfrog technologies.     

江西省南昌市地下水无机污染现状及其评价

介绍了南昌地区地下水类型、含水岩(层)组的空间分布和地下水的补给、径流、排泄条件及动态变化规律,阐述了研究区地下水主要污染源类型、数量及污染途径及水质量现状。文章从无机污染方面,对区内地下水污染现状进行了初步分析评价,并提出了防治建议。     

印钞废水处理工艺的研究

通过对印钞废水的水质分析以有对印钞废水进行实验小试的基础上，提出了4条并行的小试工艺路线，经实验比较，结果表明，化学沉淀＋水解酸化＋好氧工艺流程为处理印钞废水的可行工艺，处理后的污水可以达标排放。     

水厂排泥水处理工艺方案的选择

介绍了水厂排泥水的性质、组分、脱水性能、沉降特性以及高分子絮凝剂的选择。给出了符合水厂排泥水处理要求的工艺流程方案。