压力容器声发射信号参数分析方法的探讨

参数分析是声发射技术应用中的重要环节之一,因为它直接关系到能否正确反映被检对象的物理状况。本文集多年检测的经验,提出了参数分析的几种方法以及参数分析中须注意的问题,力求通过参数分析方法来客观、合理地表征检测对象的物理状况。     

液氦罐车碰撞仿真安全性研究

本文采用s0Mworks、ANSyS／Workbench、LS—DYNA等软件对常温裸形的液氨罐车进行了碰撞仿真研究，获得了多种情形下罐车的碰撞性能，为以后展开实车碰撞提供了重要的技术支撑。     

微压供热堆压力容器结构设计与力学分析

目的对微压供热堆HAPPY200的压力容器进行结构设计及分析。方法针对HAPPY200的特点,满足堆工、热工等专业要求,完成此微压供热堆堆本体的结构设计,并根据ASME锅炉和压力容器规范(ASME BPVC规范)进行压力容器的力学计算校核。微压供热堆HAPPY200采用池壳结合的方式,反应堆200 MW热功率两回路设计,设计压力1.6 MPa,出口温度120℃。压力容器采用不锈钢材质、35 mm壁厚的设计,采用ASMEBPVC规范对其进行力学计算校核。结果此结构中所得到的力学结果均小于ASMEBPVC标准所要求的限值。结论微压供热堆HAPPY200的压力容器设计满足堆工、热工等专业要求,其力学评定通过ASME BPVC规范要求。     

Transaction of Marine Fishing Right: Theoretical Analysis

Abstract

The difference between fishermen’s fishing catch and the optimal fishing catch is the basic reason for the transaction of marine fishing rights (TMFR). The effects of productive cost, non-productive cost, use-cost, transaction cost, productive revenue and non-productive revenue on the TMFR and the optimal fishing catch are analyzed. This paper draws following conclusions: the non-productive revenue has a positive effect on the TMFR, and other factors, such as non-productive cost, use-cost and transaction cost, have a negative effect; the TMFR will promote the resource allocation; the high transaction cost may affect the implementation of TMFR.     

Experimental investigation of gas explosion in single vessel and connected vessels

Gas explosion in connected vessels usually leads to high pressure and high rate of pressure increase which the vessels and pipes can not tolerate. Severe human casualties and property losses may occur due to the variation characteristics of gas explosion pressure in connected vessels. To determine gas explosion strength, an experimental testing system for methane and air mixture explosion in a single vessel, in a single vessel connected a pipe and in connected vessels has been set up. The experiment apparatus consisted of two spherical vessels of 350 mm and 600 mm in diameter, three connecting pipes of 89 mm in diameter and 6 m in length. First, the results of gas explosion pressure in a single vessel and connected vessels were compared and analyzed. And then the development of gas explosion, its changing characteristics and relevant influencing factors were analyzed. When gas explosion occurs in a single vessel, the maximum explosion pressure and pressure growth rate with ignition at the center of a spherical vessel are higher than those with ignition on the inner-wall of the vessel. In conclusion, besides ignition source on the inner wall, the ignition source at the center of the vessels must be avoided to reduce the damage level. When the gas mixture is ignited in the large vessel, the maximum explosion pressure and explosion pressure rising rate in the small vessel raise. And the maximum explosion pressure and pressure rising rate in connected vessels are higher than those in the single containment vessel. So whenever possible, some isolation techniques, such as fast-acting valves, rotary valves, etc., might be applied to reduce explosion strength in the integrated system. However, when the gas mixture is ignited in the small vessel, the maximum explosion pressures in the large vessel and in the small vessel both decrease. Moreover, the explosion pressure is lower than that in the single vessel. When gas explosion happens in a single vessel connected to a pipe, the maximum explosion pressure occurs at the end of the pipe if the gas mixture is ignited in the spherical vessel. Therefore, installing a pipe into the system can reduce the maximum explosion pressure, but it also causes the explosion pressure growth rate to increase.     

制氧厂特种设备安全管理

根据多年的管理经验和现行特种设备安全法规,介绍了制氧厂特种设备安全管理的组织和职责,以及定期检验的内容.针对制氧厂典型的特种设备,介绍了特种设备的检验管理.     

内部爆炸载荷作用下容器动力响应的数值模拟

运用ANSYS/LS-DYNA非线性显式动力学有限元程序,采用流固耦合算法,对平板封头圆柱形爆炸容器(长径比1∶1)在内部爆炸载荷作用下的动力响应进行了数值模拟;研究容器壳体和平板封头典型位置的内部爆炸载荷和等效应力的历史;分别给出壳体和平板封头的应力云图;分析对比壳体和封头不同位置应力响应。数值模拟结果为爆炸容器的经验设计和防护提供了科学依据。     

压力容器设计的一般要求及技术进展

不少压力容器都要在非常严峻的工况下工作,要保证其长期安全运行,就必须在设计、选材、制造、检验及使用管理上有一整套严格的要求.介绍了在设计石油、化工用压力容器过程中,需要满足的几方面要求,并对各方面要求进行了阐述,同时指出了压力容器设计技术的进展.     

Subcutaneous Arteriolar Vasomotion Changes During and After ELF-EMF Exposure in Mice in Vivo

Summary Biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) on microcirculation were investigated in vivo by monitoring arteriole diameters in conscious mice. Measurements of blood vessel diameter were monitored 33 min non-stop before during and after exposure with ELF-EMF and every 389 ms blood vessel diameter were calculated. Using a dorsal skinfold chamber (DSC), and following caudal vein injection of FITC-dextran 250 kDa, the microvasculature (initial arteriole diameter of 45–80 μm), was examined by intravital microscopy and video images were recorded for a total time of 33 min. Arteriole diameter was continuously measured by on-line analysis using a High-speed Digital Machine Vision System CV-2100, using an edge-gap detection algorithm. Since vessel diameters exhibit rhythmic variation expressed by vasomotion, for estimation of microcirculatory activity we used both raw data for frequency analysis of vasomotion (measured frequencies of vasomotion were in the range 0.008÷0.1 Hz) and evaluate mean blood vessel diameter for each 1 min period of time, and make a comparison between Pre, Exposure/Sham exposure and Post exposure periods, with the aim to evaluate possible changes in mean blood vessel diameter as a result of ELF-EMF action. During EMF exposure and post-exposure periods, arteriole diameters increased significantly compared with the pre-exposure period, and the changes were larger during post-exposure. In contrast to sham exposure, vasodilatation of the microvasculature was significantly greater during exposure and post-exposure to 16 Hz EMF. These findings suggest that ELF-EMF may have potential therapeutic use benefit for treating vascular disorders.     

基于STEAM的靠港船舶大气污染物排放清单研究

随着我国船舶排放控制区的设立,船舶大气污染物排放成为社会广泛关注的热点。以对城市影响显著的内河靠港船舶为研究对象,采用本土化的船舶交通排放估算模型(STEAM),结合船舶自动识别系统(AIS)中的船舶轨迹信息、船舶档案数据库信息及调研信息,实现基于船舶活动的"自下而上"的排放清单编制。将上述研究成果应用于南京龙潭集装箱港区,得到2014年该港区船舶大气物排放量分别为PM103.452 9 t、PM2.52.762 3 t、NOx196.004 4 t、SOx2.896 6t、CO 20.624 5 t、HC 8.127 8 t以及CO212 554.289 5 t。与整个港区排放相比,靠港船舶是SOx和NOx排放的重要来源,占比分别达到70.76%和58.16%。基于排放特性分析提出靠港船舶减排路径。