Sea water intrusion in coastal areas of Yellow Seaand Bohai Sea

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估算放射性核素在近海底泥中沉积量的近似方法

放射性核素在近海底泥中的分布规律研究是探讨沿海核设施及核电站低放废液排入附近海域后对环境影响的一个重要方面。由于实际海域条件的复杂性，如何估算放射性核素在底泥中的含量是一个至今没有搞清的课题，应用一种保守简单有效的估算方法，以一个简化实例探讨了该方法的应用。     

模糊数学法在环境质量评价中的应用 --以天津滨海新区为例

模糊评价能有效的解决评价标准边界模糊和监测误差对评价结果的影响,具有一定的科学性、合理性.运用模糊数学法对天津滨海新区环境质量各因素进行定级评价,将各因素评价结果采用公式计数法进行二级赋权,较为客观评价了总体环境质量级别,为综合治理提供科学依据.     

北极沉积物中硫酸盐还原菌与生物地球化学要素的相关分析

对北极楚科奇海、白令海测区34个沉积物样品的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)含量与CaCO3、Si、S、P、Cd、Fe、Ti、Pb、Hg等地球化学要素作了相关分析．同时分析了SRB与其所在沉积物粒度与底层水温间的关系．结果表明：SRB与Si、砂及底层水温为正相关；SRB与CaCO3、Fe、Ti、P、Pb、Hg、粉砂、粘土为负相关；而SRB与Cd、S的相关性因海区不同而不同．既有负相关．也有正相关．分析了这些相关状况及其原因．     

2017年厦门金砖会晤期间人为减排和气象条件变化对臭氧污染特征的影响

针对厦门"金砖会晤"空气质量保障活动，本研究选取2017年8月10日—9月10日的O₃、NO₂和挥发性有机物（VOCs），以及气象因子等在线观测数据，开展人为减排、副热带高压、台风等对东南沿海城市大气O₃污染特征的影响研究.结果表明，研究期间厦门大气O₃-8 h平均浓度为（110.0±40.6）μg·m^-3.与管控前相比，无台风影响的管控I期的O₃-8 h浓度上升了19.9 μg·m^-3，而管控II期的O₃-8 h浓度下降了27.9 μg·m^-3.对于管控I期和II期，台风影响下O₃-8 h浓度较无台风时段分别下降85.2 μg·m^-3和8.9 μg·m^-3.在排放控制和台风的共同作用下，峰会期间厦门大气O₃浓度的日变化显现出"削峰填谷"的特征.另外，与管控I期相比，管控II期O₃前体物VOCs浓度显著下降，其臭氧生成潜势（OFP）下降了44.6%.总之，运用区域联防联控策略，对臭氧前体物（NO_x和VOCs）实施针对性减排，可有效地降低沿海城市大气O₃日间最高浓度.     

宁波大榭岛邻近水域生态现状

通过对大榭岛附近海域水环境因子的调查和评价,发现该海域呈富营养化状态,无机氮、无机磷的含量已达发生赤潮临界条件,但与大榭岛开发前相比,浮游植物和浮游动物的结构组成及优势种并未发生明显变化,浮游植物和浮游动物的多样性指数H＇分别为0.97～3.00和1.98～2.75,平均值分别为2.27和2.35.     

Annual and Diurnal Wind Patterns in the City of São Paulo

The major topographic, mesoscale, and urban influences on the wind patterns of the City of São Paulo are characterized using one year of surface wind velocity data observed at 11 surface stations within its urban limits. The data was used to study the diurnal and annual variations of wind velocity and horizontal wind divergence within the city. Results showed that the circulation over the investigated area is dominated by three major factors: sea breeze; mountain-valley circulations; and urban effects, such as roughness, building-barrier, and urban heat island. The sea breeze was found to be the dominant feature of the monthly-averaged diurnal variation of São Paulo surface winds during the eight warmest months of the year. The sea breeze front induces a velocity minimum at the time of its passage and a post-frontal afternoon velocity maximum. Mountain-valley thermal effects on the flow can be seen in the temporal divergence/convergence patterns. These thermal effects tend to be more important during colder months, at night, and when the wind velocities are low. Nighttime downslope convergent flows are present over the city during winter and spring and daytime upslope divergent flows are present over the city during summer months.     

The Role of Soil Organic Carbon in Maintaining Surface Elevation in Rapidly Subsiding U.S. Gulf of Mexico Coastal Marshes

Subsidence is a primary factor governing marsh deterioration in Mississippi River deltaic plain coastal marshes. Marsh surface-water level relationships are maintained primarily through soil organic matter accumulation and inorganic sediment input. In this study we examined the role of soil organic matter accumulation in maintaining marsh elevation in a brackish Spartina patens marsh. Measured rates of soil organic accumulation were compared to plant biomass production and soil respiration (carbon dioxide and methane emission) at the study sites. The study demonstrated the importance of plant biomass production to soil organic carbon accumulation in maintaining viable Spartina patens marshes in sediment-deficient coastal environments. The role of Mississippi River freshwater reintroduction in maintaining conditions for organic accretion is discussed.     

浅谈秦皇岛近海海域生态环境保护措施

为了使海域的生态良性循环和海洋资源的可持续发展,本文根据秦皇岛近海海域生态 环境存在的严重问题,从多方面,不同角度,对该海域的生态保护提出了切实可行的保护措施。     

Quantitative Assessment of the Intertidal Environment of Kuwait I: Integrated Environmental Classification

Quantitative analysis of physical, chemical and biological data of the intertidal zone in Kuwait was undertaken to develop an integrated basis for assessing and protecting this sensitive coastal ecosystem. Cluster analyses were performed to determine the resemblance between the sampling stations based on the sediment composition, the benthic macrofauna and the physico-chemical characteristics of the intertidal sediment/water. Five distinct sub-environments were delineated within the intertidal zone of Kuwait. Each sub-environment was described in terms of number of taxa, mean density of organisms, sediment type, tidal level and dominant organisms. The physico-chemical parameters investigated were found to be unimportant in the distribution of the intertidal benthic macrofauna. On the other hand, sediment type was found to be a major factor in the overall composition of the benthic community. The benthic fauna and related characteristics of the sub-environments could be used as indicators to monitor changes in the intertidal ecosystem and as guides to protection and management of the different coasts. The approach described in this paper could also be adopted elsewhere to provide a sound basis for evaluating environmental impacts and for developing sustainable coastal management.