UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol Clean Development Mechanism Baseline Construction for Vietnam National Electricity Grid

For projects under the UNFCCC Kyoto Protocol Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), a baseline has to be set to allow calculation of the greenhouse gas emissions reductions achieved. An important obstacle to CDM project development is the lack of data for baseline definition; often project developers do not have access to data and therefore incur high transaction costs to collect them. The government of Vietnam has set up all necessary institutions for CDM, wants to promote CDM projects and thus is interested to reduce transaction costs. We calculate emission factors of the Vietnam electricity grid according to the rules defined by the CDM Executive Board for small scale projects and for large renewable electricity generation projects. The emission factors lie between 365 and 899 g CO₂/kWh depending on the specification. The weighted operating and build margin reaches 600 g for 2003, while grid average reaches 399 g. Using three-year averages, a combined build and operating margin of 705 g is calculated. We hope that these data facilitate CDM project development in the electricity supply and energy efficiency improvement in Vietnam.     

Response of successive three generations of cotton,bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner),fed on cotton bolls under elevated CO_2

The growth,development and consumption of successive three generations of cotton bollworm,Helicoverpa armigera(Hübner),fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO_2(double-ambient vs.ambient)in open-top chambers were examined.Significant decreases in protein,total amino acid,water and nitrogen content and increases in free fatty acid were observed in cotton bolls.Changes in quality of cotton bolls affected the growth,development and food utilization of H.armigera.Significantly longer larval development duration in three successive generations and lower pupal weight of the second and third generations were observed in cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO_2.Significantly lower fecundity was also found in successive three generations of H.armigera fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO_2.The consumption per larva occurred significant increase in successive three generations and frass per larva were also significantly increased during the second and third generations under elevated CO_2.Significantly lower relative growth rate,efficiency of conversion of ingested food and significant higher relative consumption rate in successive three generations were observed in cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO_2.Significantly lower potential female fecundity,larval numbers and population consumption were found in the second and third generations of cotton bollworm fed on cotton bolls grown under elevated CO_2.The integrative effect of higher larval mortality rate and lower adult fecundity resulted in significant decreases in potential population consumption in the latter two generations.The results show that elevated CO_2 adversely affects cotton bolls quality,which indicates the potential population dynamics and potential population consumption of cotton bollworm will alleviate the harm to the plants in the future rising CO_2 atmosphere.     

城市生活垃圾填埋场气体的产生、控制及利用综述

对城市生活垃圾填埋场气体的产生、控制及利用进行了较为系统的综述分析，描述了填埋场气体的组成、性质及产生过程，分析了影响填埋场气体产生的因素，概括了填埋场气体控制手段和管理利用方式。     

取代氮杂环类有机物水溶解度的估算与测定

本文采用一种修正的分子连接性指数研究了氮杂环类化合物水溶解度的定量结构性性质关系，这种修正的分子连接性指数是由原子半么取代原子的点价计算得来。逐步多元统计回归表明氮杂环的水溶解度和２阶及５阶原子半么分子连接性指数呈良好的相关性。     

饮用水中超痕量镉的蒸气发生：原子荧光光谱法测定

研究了在特制测Ｃｄ固体试剂存在的水溶液中，Ｃｄ与ＫＢＨ４反应生成挥发性物种，以无色散原子荧光光谱法测定饮用水中超痕量Ｃｄ的分析方法，ＣＤＳＲ－１能巧妙地调节反应体系的ＰＨ值，使其达到最佳测定ＰＨ范围，且能提高挥发性物种发生率，方法的灵敏度可提高１－２数量级，方法线性范围为０－５μｇ／Ｌ，最低检出浓度为０．０８μｇ／Ｌ；精密度实验的变异系数为１．３％；回收率为９３．０％－１０６．０％。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱中的氢化物发生进样技术

评述了等离子体光谱 (ICP- A ES)中的氢化物发生进样技术进展 ,引用文献 79篇     

大型现代化城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设备本土化的必要性与主项分析

城市生活垃圾焚烧厂的高额投资大部分用于设备费用 ,本土化是降低设备费用的有效方法。在此分析大型现代化城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设备本土化的必要性 ,确认焚烧锅炉、控制与监测系统、三废处理设备、热力发电系统是焚烧发电设备本土化重点项目 ,证实大型现代化城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设备本土化可靠、可行 ,并具有巨大经济效益     

城市生活垃圾填埋场产气规律研究

研究城市垃圾填埋气体成分及产气规律。方法通过深圳市玉龙坑垃圾填埋场现场抽气试验理论计算。结果场区内填埋气体含量分别为ＣＨ４６２．２％，Ｏ２１．０％，ＣＯ２３４．７％，其余气体２．１％；     

燃煤电厂多环芳烃的生成与控制

多环芳烃 (PAHs)对人体健康的危害极大。本文综述了燃煤电厂煤燃烧过程中多环芳烃的生成机理 (直接释放、热解合成和高温缩合机理 )和影响因素 (煤种、温度、锅炉负荷、过剩空气系数、停留时间、钙硫比和一次风 /二次风比 ) ,在此基础上介绍了煤燃烧过程中多环芳烃的各种控制技术和方法     

Judicious Use of Multiple Hypothesis Tests

Abstract:  When analyzing a table of statistical results, one must first decide whether adjustment of significance levels is appropriate. If the main goal is hypothesis generation or initial screening for potential conservation problems, then it may be appropriate to use the standard comparisonwise significance level to avoid Type II errors (not detecting real differences or trends). If the main goal is rigorous testing of a hypothesis, however, then an adjustment for multiple tests is needed. To control the familywise Type I error rate (the probability of rejecting at least one true null hypothesis), sequential modifications of the standard Bonferroni method, such as Holm's method, will provide more statistical power than the standard Bonferroni method. Additional power may be achieved through procedures that control the false discovery rate (FDR) (the expected proportion of false positives among tests found to be significant). Holm's sequential Bonferroni method and two FDR-controlling procedures were applied to the results of multiple-regression analyses of the relationship between habitat variables and the abundance of 25 species of forest birds in Japan, and the FDR-controlling procedures provided considerably greater statistical power.