特尔斐—模糊综合比较法评价生态环境质量变化

根据生态系统的组成,利用特尔斐测定法选定影响环境的因子,确定其权重,现场监测调查实际资料,判定各因子的作用分值,采用模糊综合法计算出生态环境变化前后的综合分值,以判定生态环境质量变化前后的好坏。     

不同栽培基质对石山珍稀濒危植物苗期生长的影响

对 6种石山珍稀濒危植物在石灰岩土壤和酸性红壤上的苗期生长状况及体内化学元素含量进行了对比研究 ,结果表明 :(1 )每种植物在 2种土壤上的物候学特征基本一致 ;(2 )小花异裂菊和青檀在石灰岩土壤上生长量比酸性土壤上高 ,海南椴在酸性土壤上生长量比石灰岩土壤上高 ;(3 ) 6种植物体内Ca、B 2种化学元素的含量是石灰岩土上比酸性土上高 ;除小花异裂菊外 ,Al在其它 5种植物中的含量都是酸性土上高于石灰岩土上 ,小花异裂菊则是石灰岩土上高于酸性土上 ;(4 )K、Zn、B的生物吸收系数是石灰岩土高于酸性土 ,而N、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Al、Mn则是酸性土高于石灰岩土。     

57种臭氧前体有机物混合标准气体量值比对研究

标准物质的量值准确性是监测数据准确的重要前提。为科学评价57种臭氧前体有机物混合标准气体量值的准确性,研究建立了定量环进样-中心切割-气相色谱-双火焰离子化检测器分析方法与量值比对方法(E_n值法),并对市售6个品牌各2个批次标准气体开展量值比对研究。研究结果表明,4个品牌标气量值一致性、准确性较好,2个品牌存在5～22种组分量值偏离(E_n绝对值为1.0～5.3),用于开展臭氧前体有机物监测的标准物质质量仍需持续监督、提升。     

Alga-lysing bioreactor and the dominant bacteria strain

Alga-lysing bacteria have been paid much attention to in recent years. In this study, the alga-lysing strain P05 which was isolated from an immobilizing biosystem was immobilized by coke and elastic filler, forming two biological reactors. The removal efficiencies of algae, NH3-N and organic matter using the two reactors were studied. The results showed that strain P05 was an ideal algal-lysing bacteria strain because it was easy to be immobilized by coke and elastic filler which are of cheap, low biodegradability and the simple immobilization procedure. After 7 d filming, the biological film could be formed and the reactors were used to treat the eutrophic water. These two reactors were of stability and high effect with low cost and easy operation. The optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) of each reactor was 4 h. The algae removal rates were 80.38% and 82.1% (in term of Chl-a) of coke reactor and filler reactor, respectively. And that of NH3-N were 52.3% and 52.7%. The removal rates of CODMn were 39.03% and 39.64%. The strain P05 was identified as Bacillus sp. by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, BLAST analysis, and comparison with sequences in the GenBank nucleotide database.     

从环境影响角度分析水泥窑除尘器选型的合理性

从水泥窑大气污染物对环境影响的角度，分析了新型干法水泥回转窑窑尾和窑头除尘器选型的合理性，包括投资、运行成本、对污染物治理和工况的适应性、操作和维修性能、可靠性、稳定性、除尘效率以及非正常排放、污染物排放量、大气环境容量、环境质量标准、气候条件等对环境的影响程度。     

铝合金杯形件反挤压力计算方法的评比

通过对铝合金杯形件反挤压力计算方法的评比 ,得到了其在不同变形程度下较接近于实测值的计算方法用以估算挤压力。经验证 ,所得结论是较可靠的 ,可用于指导生产实践。对于其它挤压条件 (不同挤压方式 ,挤压材料等 )下的同种问题 ,可以参照这种研究方法得出相应结论     

国外大城市的交通发展模式及其借鉴

国外大城市的交通存在两种模式——公共交通与小汽车交通模式，通过对这两种模式的比较，并结合中国实际情况。指出中国城市交通的发展方向。     

Metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene in peroxynitrite/Fe(Ⅲ) porphyrin system

The peroxynitrite/porphyrin biomimetic system was established to investigate the effects of peroxynitrite on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) metabolism. Through the comparison of three model systems consisting of different iron porphyrins, we found that the peroxynitrite/T(p-Cl)PPFeCl system showed the highest catalytic efficiency in the metabolism of B[a]P. We analyzed the B[a]P metabolites produced from this system by RP-HPLC method and firstly identified the formation of nitrobenzo[a]pyrenes which are the special metabolites of B[a]P induced by peroxynitrite.     

环境空气监测方法的比对

通过对比实验,研究环境空气连续监测与自动监测的监测值,从其监测值的相对差值、相对偏差、相关性及其是否存在显著性差异四个方面分析,来判断前者与后者之间是否存在差异。     

地下车库汽车废气污染状况调查

以上海市静安区两个宾馆的地下车主为研究对象，并以该区某地下会堂为对照，调查了地下车库中废气污染状况，结果表明，废气中ＣＯ，Ｐｂ浓度明显超标，且与对照无明显差别（Ｐ〉０．０５），环境小气候，除风速外地下车库与会堂的气温，湿度无显著性差异，结合是地下为受汽车废气污染相当严重，应充分引起重视，为减轻下车库环境污染，须进行合理设计。