Anaerobic tapered fluidized bed reactor for starch wastewater treatment and modeling using multilayer perceptron neural network

Anaerobic treatability of synthetic sago wastewater was investigated in a laboratory anaerobic tapered fluidized bed reactor(ATFBR) with a mesoporous granular activated carbon(GAC)as a support material.The experimental protocol was defined to examine the effect of the maximum organic loading rate(OLR),hydraulic retention time(HRT),the efficiency of the reactor and to report on its steady- state performance.The reactor was subjected to a steady-state operation over a range of OLR up to 85.44 kg COD/(m~3.d).The COD removal efficiency was found to be 92% in the reactor while the biogas produced in the digester reached 25.38 m~3/(m~3·d) of the reactor. With the increase of OLR from 83.7 kg COD/(m~3.d),the COD removal efficiency decreased.Also an artificial neural network(ANN) model using multilayer perceptron(MLP)has been developed for a system of two input variable and five output dependent variables. For the training of the input-output data,the experimental values obtained have been used.The output parameters predicted have been found to be much closer to the corresponding experimental ones and the model was validated for 30% of the untrained data.The mean square error(MSE)was found to be only 0.0146.     

浮床水蕹菜对养殖水体中营养物的去除效果研究

为研究浮床水蕹菜对池塘养殖水质的改善效果,于2007年6月至11月,在6个2000m2的标准养殖池塘进行了中试研究.3个池塘放养常规鱼类和部分名优鱼类,并利用浮床技术在水面上种植200m2的水蕹菜（Ipomoea aquatica）,另外3个池塘放养相同重量的常规鱼类作为对照塘.实验结果显示,种植塘的渔产量为1467k...     

陶粒移动床处理低浓度生活污水的性能

采用填充率为30%的生物陶粒移动床(BCMBBR)处理东莞城镇低浓度、低碳高氨氮生活污水(COD约130～185 mg·L-1、C/N=3～7).同时,考察了BCMBBR在5种工况下的运行效果及相应的微生物相状况.结果表明,BCMBBR运行的最佳条件为:HRT为8 h,气水体积比为4:1.COD,BOD5、NH4+-N...     

组合生态浮床对富营养化水体水质改善效果的研究

根据生态工程中的“食物链物质循环原理”和“生物强化理论”,对传统浮床进行改进,构建了集水生植物、水生动物及微生物于一体的新型组合生态浮床,并研究较低温度条件下对富营养化水体水质的改善效果.结果表明,日平均温度4～ 14℃,7d水力停留时间下,组合生态浮床对TN,TP,NHr-N,CODMn及Chl-a的平均去除率分别可达32.64％,63.90％,73.66％,17.70％和31.76％,较传统浮床的24.11％,54.53％,47.42％,7.13％和-3.11％,均有大幅度提高,可见,组合生态浮床在富营养化水体水质改善方面可发挥重要作用.     

A restoration-promoting integrated floating bed and its experimental performance in eutrophication remediation

Numerous studies on eutrophication remediation have mainly focused on purifying water first, then restoring submerged macrophytes. A restoration-promoting integrated floating bed （RPIFB） was designed to combine the processes of water purification and macrophyte restoration simultaneously. Two outdoor experiments were conducted to evaluate the ecological functions of the RP1FB. Trial 1 was conducted to compare the eutrophication purification among floating bed, gradual-submerging bed （GSB） and RPIFB technologies. The results illustrated that RPIFB has the best purification capacity. Removal efficiencies of RPIFB for TN, TP,NH4＋-N, NO3-N, CODcr, Chlorophyll-a and turbidity were 74.45%, 98.31%, 74.71%, 88.81%, 71.42%, 90.17% and 85%, respectively. In trial 2, influences of depth of GSB and photic area in RPIFB on biota were investigated. When the depth of GSB decreased and the photic area of RPIFB grew, the height of Potamogeton crispus Linn. increased, but the biomass of Canna indica Linn. was reduced. The mortalities of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Bellamya aeruginosa in each group were all less than 7%. All results indicated that when the RPIFB was embedded into the eutrophic water, the regime shift from phytoplankton-dominated to macrophyte-dominated state could be promoted. Thus, the RPIFB is a promising remediation technology for eutrophication and submerged macrophyte restoration.     

UASB处理生物柴油废水的效果研究

采用升流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)工艺处理地沟油回收制备生物柴油废水,通过试验研究了UASB反应器各个阶段对该类废水的处理效果,并考察了甲基磺酸、对甲基苯磺酸两种预酯化催化剂对该类废水处理效果的影响。结果表明:当进水COD为15g/L、容积负荷为15kg/(m3·d)时,UASB反应器COD的去除率稳定在87%左右,出水VFA为4~6mmol/L,沼气产量为16.8L/d;当容积负荷稳定在5kg/(m3·d),进水甲基磺酸浓度为5500mg/L时,UASB反应器COD的去除率达83%以上,进水对甲基苯磺酸浓度为1 000mg/L时,UASB反应器COD的去除率为58.3%,从废水处理的难易程度角度考虑,建议采用甲基磺酸为预酯化催化剂。     

UASB-SBR处理生物柴油制环氧脂肪酸甲酯废水

采用上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)-序批式活性污泥法反应器(SBR)组合工艺处理生物柴油制环氧脂肪酸甲酯废水,考察了反应器各个阶段废水的处理效果。试验结果表明:当调整废水的氧化还原电位(ORP)降至-50~+50mV,UASB稳定运行阶段进水COD约为6 000mg/L时,出水COD在1 300mg/L以下,COD去除率约为80%,VFA浓度为180mg/L(以乙酸计)左右,最佳容积负荷为6.0kg/(m3·d);采用SBR处理UASB出水,当容积负荷为1.27kg/(m3·d)时,出水COD在250mg/L以下,COD去除率在80%以上,氨氮浓度在25mg/L以下,TP浓度在4mg/L以下,且处理后废水的COD、氨氮浓度、TP浓度均达到《污水排入城市下水道水质标准》(CJ343—2010)的A级要求。     

新疆香山铜镍矿区热液作用性质及其成矿潜力研究

香山铜镍矿床位于东天山土墩-黄山-图拉尔根铜镍矿带中部,具有较好的铜、镍资源前景。矿区内热液作用发育,出现大量蚀变矿物、含金属硫化物的石英/方解石脉状矿石贯穿基性岩石。通过对蚀变矿物特征、石英/方解石中流体包裹体、金属硫化物成分等研究,探讨热液作用性质及其成矿意义。研究表明,岩石蚀变矿物主要为蛇纹石(两个世代)、纤闪石、绿泥石和黑云母等,说明热液流体具有多阶段特征,含有一定量的卤素挥发分;矿石蚀变矿物主要为针镍矿、紫硫镍矿、红砷镍矿、辉砷钴矿等,说明热液流体的硫逸度逐渐增高;脉状矿石中,石英/方解石中以富液相流体包裹体为主,其大小为4~12μm,气液比5~15%之间,均一温度峰值为200~240℃,表明热液流体具有中高温性质。在对比邻区热液矿床流体包裹体特征和硫同位素组成的基础上,认为香山铜镍矿区内热液作用可能为与含铜镍拉斑玄武质岩浆相关的中高温热液事件,它具有富集Pt、Ag和Au的潜力。     

畜牧业清洁生产关键技术实例研究——生态发酵床在规模化养猪场的应用研究

畜牧养殖业最大的污染物就是畜禽粪便,在畜禽养殖也实施清洁生产技术十分必要,将粪便在产生的环节上降低污染物的产生和排放,结合具体实例,按照企业清洁生产审核程序要求,对一家生猪养殖场进行清洁生产审核,对生态发酵床技术在规模化养猪场的应用进行深入研究,从技术、环境、经济三个方面阐述这项清洁生产技术的示范作用。     

不同工况蚯蚓人工湿地表层污泥处理效果

通过在传统污泥干化湿地中投加蚯蚓,研究了蚯蚓人工湿地处理污泥技术的可操作性;同时研究了不同污泥负荷48、65、80 kg·(m~2·a)~(-1)、不同蚯蚓投放密度0、0.43、0.54、0.65 kg·m~(-2)以及不同进泥频率等工况条件下,该模拟湿地装置表层污泥的脱水和稳定化效果.结果表明,通过设置入土深度为10 mm的挡板,能够提供蚯蚓在进泥期间的栖身之所,保证蚯蚓湿地的正常运行;蚯蚓的加入能够显著改善人工湿地污泥干化和稳定化的效能,使表层污泥脱氢酶活性(dehydrogenase activity,DHA)更低,含水率和VS分别下降了15%和10%左右,并且在0.65 kg·m~(-2)的蚯蚓投放密度下,蚯蚓人工湿地的稳定化效果最好.随着污泥负荷的增加以及进泥频率的降低,蚯蚓人工湿地运行效能会变差.