基于生态系统服务供需的厦漳泉地区生态网络空间优化

耦合生态系统服务供需和景观生态安全格局,解构城市群地区生态空间结构,是优化农业—城镇—生态网络空间布局的基础。基于生态系统服务供需理论,以福建东南沿海厦漳泉城市群为例,综合生态系统服务最重要区域和生态红线边界确定供给源地,结合自然、经济多要素构建消费格局,应用最小累积阻力模型建立景观生态安全格局,识别需求分区、生态流网络、关键节点等组分,采用分层叠加分析重构厦漳泉地区生态网络空间。结果显示：（1）供给源地占研究区总面积的41.64%,生态缓冲区、生态敏感区和生产生活区分别占22.67%、31.58%和4.11%;（2）供给源地集中于中西部丘陵山区,耗费低值区与供给源地分布一致,而高值区呈“井”字形分布特征,集中于沿海一带;（3）生态流通道网状化程度较高,中西部主要由森林构成,东部沿海区域主要由城镇水系和绿地系统、周边农田构成,驱动因素类型和强度均呈现显著的空间异质性;（4）提出构建厦漳泉地区“九区四组团一带九廊道多中心”的生态网络空间优化布局,协调区域间生产生活生态功能组合,促进经济—生态空间协同发展。     

Multivariate curve resolution of multidimensional excitation-emission quenching matrices of a Laurentian soil fulvic acid

Fluorescence excitation–emission matrices (EEM) of aqueous solutions of Laurentian soil fulvic acid (LFA) at three concentrations (50, 75 and 100 mg/l) were obtained at two pH values (pH = 4.0 and 6.0) and as function of the Cu(II) ion concentration. The presence of Cu(II) ion provokes quenching of the intrinsic LFA fluorescence due to complex formation. Multivariate curve resolution (MCR-ALS) was used to successfully decompose single EEM into excitation and emission spectra for the detected components. Moreover, multidimensional (up to six dimensions) data matrices were generated by adding EEM collected as function of the LFA and Cu(II) concentrations and pH. MCR-ALS was able to resolve the excitation and emission spectra from these multidimensional data matrices given further information about the spectral variation profiles induced by the experimental factors. Conditional stability constants (log K_LFACu) were calculated from the quenching profiles observed as function of the Cu(II) concentration, as well as, their trends as function of pH and LFA concentration were obtained – average (and standard deviation) of log K_LFACu = 4.6 ± 0.2. This EEM/MCR-ALS methodology constitutes a new tool for the study of natural organic matter under varying experimental conditions that characterize natural environmental systems.