New environmental performance baseline for inland ports: A benchmark for the European inland port sector

This paper presents the results of a collaborative programme of action between the European Federation of Inland Ports (EFIP) and the EC PORTOPIA research project to assist EU inland ports to enhance further their environmental performance. In order to achieve this goal, an environmental survey was specifically designed to reflect the operational and geographical circumstances of inland ports and to help to accelerate the culture of the reporting of environmental performance.The survey was developed to be user-friendly and practicable, and based on established good-practice taking into account the suggestions and advice of EFIP and its members, as well as the experience of the EcoPorts Network. As a result of the survey, an initial baseline of environmental performance for the EU inland port sector was established.A total of 27 port authorities participated in the survey, representing a range of port profiles in terms of size, commercial profile and geography. All response details were treated in strict confidence and the benchmark performance was reported as a European average. Results show that approximately 70% of the respondent ports declare that they have the major components of an Environmental Management System (EMS) actively in place (e.g. policy, inventory of legislation). An environmental index (1–10) has been calculated reflecting the performance of the sector in terms of the application of major EMS components. The average index value for the EU inland port sector baseline resulted in 6.Almost 67% of respondent ports indicated that they conduct environmental monitoring of different aspects, with waste being the most common. The survey results have also delivered the first top-10 ranking of environmental priorities for the EU inland port sector. It is interesting to note that also almost 70% of the inland ports apply initiatives to implement green actions. The outcomes of this paper are likely to be of interest to a wide range of stakeholders and decision-makers.     

利用盐酸酸洗废液制取复合亚铁絮凝剂

介绍了利用盐酸酸洗废液为原料制备复合亚铁絮凝剂的方法 ,研究了复合亚铁的除浊性能 ,考察了硅铁比、水样pH和温度对其混凝性能的影响 ,探讨了其电导性质 ,并应用于印染废水的混凝处理。结果表明 ,复合亚铁絮凝剂效果好、处理成本低 ,值得推广应用。     

关于地震观测环境保护问题的探讨

本文从地震观测环境的概念入手,具体阐述了地震观测环境保护范围的划定;地震观测环境保护的重要性、现状以及加强地震观测环境保护的建议。     

均匀各向同性弹性介质中各类震源引起的地震波

运用均匀各向同性完全弹性的无限介质中震源激发地震波的理论公式模拟了给定点的 地震图,分析了地震波的各项特性。     

秸秆发电环保性能研究

文章阐述了国内外秸秆发电现状,并单独突出了江苏省秸秆发电情况。分析了秸秆发电过程中产生污染物的控制技术;通过秸秆与煤炭对比研究,同时结合国内秸秆电厂运行情况,对技术改造前后污染物排放情况作了对比分析,阐明了秸秆发电的环保性能,结果显示,CO2、SO2、烟尘、灰渣减排量可观。最后结合国内秸秆发电厂运行现状不乐观的情况,总结了秸秆发电实际运行中存在成本偏高、核心技术不成熟、灰渣利用等问题。     

钢铁渣粉高性能混凝土的力学性能、耐久性及温升特性

我国钢渣年产量过亿吨,累计堆存量巨大,利用率低,已对生态环境构成严重危害。基于此,开展了钢铁渣粉在高性能混凝土中的应用研究,研究表明:钢铁渣粉掺量超过胶材总量30%时,混凝土抗压强度呈显著降低趋势,胶材总量中钢铁渣粉掺量越大影响越显著;随着钢铁渣粉掺量和胶材总量的增加,混凝土的抗渗性能得到显著提高;钢铁渣粉掺量占胶材总量的40%~50%时,混凝土的抗冻性能也相对较好。随着钢铁渣粉掺量增加,钢铁渣粉混凝土水化热显著降低。大体积混凝土试件温升试验表明,钢铁渣粉混凝土试件与双掺矿渣粉+粉煤灰混凝土试件相比,可显著降低混凝土试件中心的温升,有效抑制大体积混凝土试件的温升开裂问题。该成果可为钢铁渣粉在混凝土中的应用提供参考数据。     

电解锰行业清洁生产审核绩效评价分析

介绍了我国电解锰行业发展及清洁生产审核的推进情况,通过在电解锰行业开展数轮清洁生产审核,诊断出该行业存在的主要环境污染问题,在行业内建立了规范化的管理制度,推动了清洁生产技术的发展,分析了典型中高费方案实现的环境效益和经济效益。结合电解锰行业清洁生产指标体系,重点分析了2009—2017年行业的有毒有害物质的替代、综合能耗、电流效率等关键性清洁生产指标的变化情况。结果显示,综合能耗由2009年的8 600 kW·h/t(以Mn计,下同)降至目前的6 900 kW·h/t,电流效率总体呈上升趋势。对于经过多轮审核的某企业,其电解槽、剥离方式、直流电耗、锰渣无害化处理和综合利用率、锰渣中水溶性锰浓度(以干基计)等5项评估指标均达到国内领先水平,在行业处于顶尖水平,另一项指标单位产品新鲜水耗也有明显下降,为行业节能减排起到引领作用。     

基于日本苫小牧港CCS示范项目的海洋碳封存环境风险监测方法浅析

碳捕集与封存利用技术是应对全球变暖、实现温室气体CO₂大规模削减的重要技术途径。海洋碳封存技术是近年来的研究重点之一,该技术利用海下稳定岩石储层对CO₂进行储存,相比于陆地碳封存技术具有更高的安全性。以日本苫小牧港CCS示范项目为基础,系统梳理了该项目在海洋生态环境监测、CO₂泄漏事故预防监测和地震监测等方面的研究方法,分析并总结了CO₂泄漏事故判断指标pCO₂/DO值（海水中CO₂与DO分压之比）的适用性以及地震对CO₂海下注入工程的影响,并基于中国国情提出在海洋碳封存项目中增加CO₂泄漏事故预防监测系统和地震监测系统等建议,为地震多发海域今后的碳封存项目提供借鉴。     

基于梯形模糊数的OHSMS绩效评价研究

为了提高职业健康安全管理体系绩效和职业健康安全绩效,有必要对职业健康安全管理体系绩效进行评价。在构建科学合理的评价指标体系基础上,运用层次分析法和熵值法确定主客观权重,再运用乘法集成法确定组合权重,作为评价指标的最终权重。运用梯形模糊数的运算法则和集结算子,计算OHSMS绩效评价指标的评价值,取得最终的评价结果。研究表明,基于梯形模糊数的OHSMS绩效评价方法能够较好地评价职业健康安全管理体系绩效,确定不符合项和改进措施,进而持续改进职业健康安全绩效。