我国《劳动保护产业》的市场需求趋势分析

首次对国内一些企业进行《劳动保护产业》市场需求趋势的调查分析，并参考了国外有关信息，得出了“个人防护用品”是占据该市场最大份额项目的结论。还提出了如以“个人防护用品”为龙头发展劳动保护产业时，需要注意的几个问题。     

影子价格─自然灾害经济评价中合理的价格

着重说明自然灾害经济评价中利用影子价格的原因，简要说明我国目前在投资项目评价中采用的影子价格及计算方法，以及在自然灾害经济评价中如何利用影子价格进行计算．     

Energy taxes and endogenous technological change

This paper studies the effects of a tax on energy use in a growth model where market structure is endogenous and jointly determined with the rate of technological change. Because this economy does not exhibit the scale effect (a positive relation between TFP growth and aggregate R&D), the tax has no effect on the steady-state growth rate. It has, however, important transitional effects that give rise to surprising results. Specifically, under the plausible assumption that energy demand is inelastic, there may exist a hump-shaped relation between the energy tax and welfare. This shape stems from the fact that the reallocation of resources from energy production to manufacturing triggers a temporary acceleration of TFP growth that generates a √-shaped time profile of consumption. If endogenous technological change raises consumption sufficiently fast and by a sufficient amount in the long run, and households are sufficiently patient, the tax raises welfare despite the fact that—in line with standard intuition—it lowers consumption in the short run.     

基于Pathfinder的商场人员疏散仿真

商场中的人员疏散是一个复杂的过程。运用人员疏散仿真软件Pathfinder 2012对某商场在紧急情况下人员的安全疏散进行研究,重点讨论借用防火分区防火门进行疏散对疏散效率的影响。模拟结果表明,借用相邻防火分区进行疏散可以有效提高单个防火分区的疏散效率,但如果在相邻防火分区防火门处出现相向流则会降低整体的疏散效率,并且随着人数的增多变得更加严重。因此,应定期针对商场员工开展疏散演练等相关培训,增强员工疏散引导的能力,避免疏散过程中出现行人相向流,最终提高商场人员疏散的效率。     

因子分析法提取临沂商品城剖面微量元素地球化学特征及古气候意义

运用因子分析法分析了临沂商品城沉积剖面特征微量地球化学元素及其比值,揭示了沂河中游末次冰消期至中全新世的气候演变过程.结果表明,沂河中游末次冰消期至中全新世沂河中游气候演变经历了6个阶段:(1)16866—13630 cal a B.P.末次冰消期气候冷干;(2)13630—10440 cal a B.P.气候回升但在11868—10440 cal a B.P.,气候突然变得冷干,基本上可以与YD气候事件相对应;(3)10440—8672 cal a B.P.进入全新世后气候以冷湿为主;(4)8672—6755 cal a B.P.大暖期气候不稳定波动剧烈,气候干湿交替,以暖湿为主;(5)6755—5850 cal a B.P.气候趋向干旱化;(6)5850—4698 cal a B.P.气候转向暖湿.     

Soil erosion in developing countries: a socio-economic appraisal

Soil erosion is the single most important environmental degradation problem in the developing world. Despite the plethora of literature that exists on the incidence, causes and impacts of soil erosion, a concrete understanding of this complex problem is lacking. This paper examines the soil erosion problem in developing countries in order to understand the complex inter-relationships between population pressure, poverty and environmental-institutional dynamics. Two recent theoretical developments, namely Boserup's theory on population pressure, poverty and soil erosion and Lopez's theory on environmental and institutional dynamics have been reviewed. The analysis reveals that negative impacts of technical change, inappropriate government policies and poor institutions are largely responsible for the continued soil erosion in developing countries. On the other hand, potential for market-based approaches to mitigate the problem is also low due to the negative externalities involved. A deeper appreciation of institutional and environmental dynamics and policy reforms to strengthen weak institutions may help mitigate the problem.     

中国沿海开放地区工业污染控制的探讨

在环境保护工作由污染问题治现向清洁生产转变过程中，中国沿海开放地区、外资，合资、集体和个体企业在其工业结构中所占比重较大，且要求有良好投资环境，当前控制工业污染，须按社会主义市场经济规律征收资源费和排污费，同时要加强环境规划，建立环境管理系统，有效调工业污原杂源，为保证受损环境得以恢复，须加强环境建设和环境投资。     

市场经济体制下的环境保护工作初探

社会主义市场经济体制的建立，将对我国的环境保护工作产生深远的影响，市场经济体制下，会出现市场失灵与政府失灵，因而应坚持“经济靠市场，环保靠政府”。根据这一原则，对我国在市场经济体制下的环境保护工作进行了初步探讨。     

市场经济要求依法强化环境管理

论文根据可持续发展战略的要求,提出了市场经济要求强化环境管理的建议和对策。     

环境监测市场化管理工作思考

阐述了我国及其他国家环境监测市场管理的经验,以及我国在推进环境监测市场化管理方面的探索;指出了目前环境监测市场化管理中存在的问题,提出,应加快建立适合国情的监测总体格局;建立完善环境监测社会化监管制度体系;充分发挥行业协会在监管中的作用;强化对社会监测机构监管力度;提高社会环境监测机构能力。