Impacts of some meteorological parameters on SO2 and TSP concentrations in Erzurum, Turkey

The air pollution is the one of the most important environmental problems in Erzurum, situated in the eastern of Turkey, during winter periods. The unfavorable climate as well as the city’s topography, and inappropriate urbanization cause serious air pollution problems. The air pollutant concentrations in a city have a close relationship with its meteorological parameters. In the present study, the relationship between daily average total suspended particulate (TSP) and sulphur dioxide (SO₂) concentrations with meteorological factors, such as wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, pressure and precipitation, in 1995–2002 winter seasons was statistically analyzed using the stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. According to the results obtained through analysis, higher TSP and SO₂ concentrations are strongly related to colder temperatures, lower wind speed, higher pressure system and weakly lower precipitation and higher relative humidity. The statistical models of SO₂ and TSP including meteorological parameters gave R² of 0.74 and 0.88, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation between the previous day’s SO₂, TSP concentrations and actual concentrations of these pollutants on that day was investigated and found as 0.84 and 0.53, respectively. In order to develop this model, previous day’s SO₂ and TSP concentrations were added to the equations. The new model for SO₂ enhanced considerably (R² = 0.92), but for TSP new model was not enhanced (R² = 0.89).     

鸭河口水库水体总氮、总磷预测研究

根据鸭河口水库受纳点源及面源污染负荷情况，选择枯水期为预测时期，采用迪隆模型对鸭河口水库水体总氮、总磷进行预测研究，为鸭河口水库水质保持和富营养化防治提供基础数据。     

Characteristics of MnO2 catalytic ozonation of sulfosalicylic acid and propionic acid in water

The characteristics of different types of MnO₂ catalytic ozonation of sulfosalicylic acid (SSal) and propionic acid (PPA) have been investigated in this paper. The experimental results show the dependence of catalytic activity of MnO₂ on organic compounds and the pH of solutions, but it is independent on the type of MnO₂. For example, three types of MnO₂ have not any catalytic activity when ozonation of PPA under the condition of this experiment. All MnO₂ catalytic ozonation of SSal at pH=1.0 have a greater total organic carbon removal than ozonation alone has, however, at pH=6.8 and 8.5, catalytic efficiency is not observed. Furthermore, the batch experimental results indicate that there are no direct relationship between the activity of metal oxide catalytic decomposition of ozone and that of its catalytic degradation of organic compounds.     

Biological benthic tools as indicators of coastal marine ecosystems health

Coastal marine ecosystems are increasingly subjected to environmental stress and degradation due to pollution. Several research programmes have addressed this problem and produced relevant data sets for specific areas, often including consistent sets of environmental and biological variables. The value of existing information gathered from these types of data can be largely increased by combining them into a common data set to determine globally applicable relationships. To perform this exercise, the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO has recently formed the Ad hoc Study Group on Benthic Indicators (http://www.ioc.unesco.org/benthicindicators) with the aim of developing robust indicators of benthic health. In this paper, initial products and ongoing activities of this international initiative are described and discussed. An expansion of initial IOC/UNESCO research on benthic fauna-organic carbon relationships is also presented. As part of this follow-up research, the relationship between total organic carbon concentrations of sediment and abundance, biomass and species diversity of benthic macrofauna was evaluated using data sets from 2 different regions of the world comprising 3 different coastal marine environments. The ability of identifying threshold levels in selected variables that could serve as indicators of related adverse environmental conditions leading to stress in the benthos is envisaged within the frame of a larger joint analysis, carried out by the IOC/UNESCO Study Group on Benthic Indicators, of merged data sets from several coastal regions worldwide.     

多目标优化方法在城市污水厂汇水区污染源总量控制规划中的应用

在城市污水处理厂汇水区实行污染源总量控制,应该避免与城市污水处理厂重复治理.针对这个问题,提出难降解有机物控制的多目标准则指标,建立了多目标优化模型.     

沈阳市工业污染源指标化控制的研究

本文在研究沈阳市工业污染源构成基础上，根据沈阳市水系统主要污染物总量控制目标，提出了主要污染源主要污染物指标化控制目标．通过污水治理技术经济分析，探讨实现工业污染源环境目标管理的途径．     

关于排污口规范化设置及整治的探讨

排污口规范化设置及整治是总量控制的一项基础工作，需要通过立法形式加以化。对排污口规范化设置及整治工作中存在的问题作了分析并提出有关建议。     

浅析环境因子对城市缓流水体底泥磷释放的影响

水体富营养是当今世界面临的一个严重环境问题.造成富营养化的限制因子主要是氮和磷,尤其是磷.对于大多数外源磷得到控制的水体来说,底泥磷的释放对长期维持藻类生长,促进水体富营养化的发展具有举足轻重的作用.但是,底泥对磷的释放与吸收是有条件的,它受到多种因素的影响.在此采用实验模拟的方法,考察温度、pH值、扰动、溶解氧、不同深度、覆盖等环境因子对底泥磷释放的影响,进行初步为城市缓流水体富营养化的防治及治理积累基础资料和信息.     

总铬分析方法的改进

主要介绍总铬分析方法的改进试验。经过多次试验，将废水中总铬分析方法的消解－氧化操作步骤作了部分的改进后，其分析结果与标准方法（国家环保局的《水和废水的监测分析方法》第三版）比较无显著性差异，由于本方法不易造成总铬成份的损失，因此，在一定程度上提高了精密度和稳定性，简化操作，缩短分析时间，提高了工作效率，节约了试剂，取得了较好的效果。     

沈阳市重点工业污染源水污染控制对策的探讨

沈阳市重点工业污染源水污染控制对策的探讨张亚轩（沈阳环境科学研究所）提要＊不本文结合沈阳审工业污染源水污染的概况，对工业污染源的总量控制与总量管理进行研究，提出了工业污染源水污染总量控制的方法和总量控制指标．关键词水污染总量控制，管理，指标ＳＴＵＤＹ...