集镇污水处理厂CAST工艺调试实验

进行了集镇污水处理厂CAST工艺调试实验研究,实际调控结果表明,采用控制温度、溶解氧、沉降比、污泥指数、生物相的变化,运行周期4.5h,沉降比35%,污泥龄15d,生物区溶解氧31mg/L,实现生物菌种培养与驯化最佳条件,污泥浓度可达到2000mg/L,生物相基本稳定,处理效果显著,出水各项指标达标。     

Nitrogen and phosphorus removal in pilot-scale anaerobic-anoxic oxidation ditch system

To achieve high efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal and to investigate the rule of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal(SNDPR),a whole course of SNDPR damage and recovery was studied in a pilot-scale,anaerobicanoxic oxidation ditch(OD),where the volumes of anaerobic zone,anoxic zone,and ditches zone of the OD system were 7,21,and 280L,respectively.The reactor was fed with municipal wastewater with a flow rate of 336 L/d.The concept of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND)rate(rSND) was put forward to quantify SND.The results indicate that:(1)high nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies were achieved during the stable SND phase,total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphate(TP) removal rates were 80%and 85%,respectively;(2)when the system was aerated excessively,the stability of SND was damaged,and rSND dropped from 80% to 20%or less;(3)the natural logarithm of the ratio of NOx to MJ4 in the effluent had a linear correlation to oxidation-reduction potential (ORP);(4)when NO3- was less than 6 mg/L.high phosphorus removal efficiency could be achieved;(5)denitrifying phosphorus removal (DNPR) could take place in the anaerobic-anoxic OD system.The major innovation was that the SND rate was devised and quantified.     

间歇曝气A2/C氧化沟工艺处理城市污水中试研究

为降低氧化沟工艺的运行成本,研究了连续进水间歇曝气缺氧(Anoxic)-厌氧(Anaerobic)-Carrousel氧化沟(A2/C)工艺.采用A2/C氧化沟模型运用连续进水间歇曝气模式对城市污水处理进行了研究.结果表明,增强外源反硝化是提高脱氮效率的关键.在一定范围内加大回流比,能够提高间歇频率,减小各污染指标在反应系统中的积累.在曝气1 h,停止曝气3 h,回流污泥比200%的模式下(模式Ⅱ),出水CODcr,NH4 -N和TN分别为40～50 mg·L-1、3.0～5.7 mg·L-1和10.2～12.5 mg·L-1.3个模式在1个周期内平均曝气量分别为连续曝气过程的66%、50%、44%.模式Ⅱ中在线监测仪表数据分析显示,曝气过程中出现NH4 -N氧化的终点--在pH曲线上表现为出现"氨谷",若利用在线监测仪表在曝气阶段采用自动控制,则可避免过量曝气.采用实际城市污水,应用中试试验模型,能够为实际生产提供重要技术参数,为原有氧化沟工艺技术改造提供支持.     

膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺处理抗生素废水中试研究

采用膜生物反应器(MBR)工艺对多种抗生素生产混合废水进行中试规模的处理研究。结果表明,控制膜生物反应器的CODCr进水容积负荷6～9kg/(m3.d)时,系统的CODCr去除率达到90%以上,NH4+-N和TN去除率分别达到85%和60%。出水水质满足《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-96)二级标准的要求。     

几种植物在生长过程中对人工湿地污水处理效果的影响

不同的植物及植物的不同生长阶段对人工湿地系统污水处理效果都有影响。对几种华南地区常见的湿地植物在其不同生长阶段处理污水的效果进行了研究,采用了不种植物的沙滤系统作对照。结果表明:(1)植物生长过程中,植物高度能反映污水处理效果总体上的变化;(2)在植物的生长过程中,各人工湿地系统污水处理能力总体上持续增强,各水质指标pH、DO、TN、NH3-N、NO3-N、TP和CODCr等均呈下降趋势,其中TP和CODCr呈逐步下降,pH、DO、TN、NH3-N、NO3-N则呈现锯齿形波动,但总体上仍是下降过程;(3)植物系统氮处理能力好于无植物沙滤系统,而对磷TP和CODCr的去除则恰好相反;(4)不同植物对人工湿地污水的处理效果影响不明显。研究结果对探讨人工湿地污水处理规律和植物在人工湿地中的作用提供了新的科学依据,并为指导人工湿地工程的运行提供了参考。     

RECLAIMED WASTE WATER FOR GROUNDWATER RECHARGE1

ABSTRACT. The Orange County Water District has conducted studies in waste water reclamation and groundwater recharge since 1965. The work has been done in three phases: (1) Study in both laboratory and pilot-scale units on the feasibility of reclaiming trickling filter effluent for injection through wells into confined aquifers; (2) long-term injection study to determine the fate of injected reclaimed water and to observe the performance of a multi-casing injection well; (3) testing alternative treatment methods in a 25,000 gpd pilot plant to solve the water quality problems which developed during the injection study. The reclaimed trickling filter effluent was found to be injectable and did not cause excessive well clogging. The multi-casing injection wells performed very satisfactorily. The reclaimed water would be acceptable for domestic use after travel through 500 feet of a confined aquifer in that bacteria, virus and toxic material were consistently absent. However, the odor and taste which persisted in the injected reclaimed water and the high concentration of dissolved inorganics are undesirable characteristics. Methods to eliminate the odor are being tested at the present time. A cooperative project with the Office of Saline Water is under way to develop a source of desalted seawater to blend with reclaimed waste water.     

新农村建设试点村与对照村生态文明意识探析——以山东省为例

文章采用问卷调查法对山东省农村生态文明意识进行了调查,在此基础上对比分析了新农村建设试点村与普通对照村村民的生态文明意识差异。结果表明山东省新农村建设在提高村民的生态文明意识方面有所成效。但两种村都还有进一步提高生态文明意识的余地,对照村需要借鉴试点村所取得的经验成果;试点村仍需要进一步加大宣传教育力度、实施环保意识教育、开展实践体验活动。     

三峡库区巫山段175m试验性蓄水前后水质时空分布变化

分析了三峡库区长江巫山段2006～2009年枯、平、丰水期和2008年175m试验性蓄水加密监测水质监测数据,结果表明：长江干流水质保持相对稳定,而支流由于回水顶托,各项水文要素均发生了变化,这些水文要素的变化相应地会带来水环境要素的改变。     

火炬火焰监测技术实验测试及对比研究

基于Labview软件,开展热电偶探测、紫外火焰探测、离子火焰监测系统对火炬长明灯火焰响应的实验研究和数据分析.通过分析比较不同火焰监测系统的响应信号,得出以下结论:热电偶监测技术响应时间较长;紫外监测技术响应时间为2-4s,但其输出电压值较小,且在实际运行过程中无法区分高空点火器火焰及长明灯火焰;火焰离子监测技术响应时间为2-6s,输出信号强,容易实现火焰燃烧状态的快速判断.     

UASB反应器处理生活污水的试验研究

采用UASB中试(100 m3/d)对生活污水处理进行了研究。试验结果表明,采用此系统处理生活污水,出水水质良好。COD的去除率在52%~83%,出水的COD值<100 mg/L以下,SS的去除率在95%左右,UASB处理生活污水的最佳停留时间为6 h。产气率在0.1 m3/d。不管停留时间在10 h、5 h,出水的氨氮、乙酸值比进水的高;钙、镁、总氮、总磷、硫酸根和硝酸根离子出水值比进水值低。