下行流人工湿地去除生活污水中氮磷的研究

用下行流人工湿地处理生活污水,分析了系统对TP,TN的处理效果,并将有无植物2种系统对污染物的去除效果进行对比.研究结果表明:下行流人工湿地对N,P都有很高的去除率;进水中TN,TP的浓度变化对出水中N,P含量影响不大,系统对N,P有一定的抗冲击能力;植物在污染物去除过程中起了一定的作用.     

《千年生态系统评估》

揭示生态系统变化对人类福祉的影响警醒决策者与公众做出积极反应。[编者按]     

Spatial variations in daily average CO2 concentrations above wetland surface of Xianghai National Nature Reserve, China

Horizontal and vertical variations of daily average CO2 concentration above the wetland surface were studied in Xianghai National Nature Reserve of China in August, 2000. The primary purpose was to study spatial distribution characteristics of CO2 concentration on the four levels of height(0.1 m, 0.6 m, 1.2 m and 2 m) and compare the differences of CO2 concentration under different land covers. Results showed that daily average CO2 concentration above wetland surface in Xianghai National Natural Reserve was lower than that above other wetlands in northeast China as well as the worldwide average, suggesting that Xianghai wetland absorbed CO2 in August and acted as“sink” of CO2. The horizontal variations on the four levels of height along the latitude were distinct, and had the changing tendency of“decreasing after increasing” with the increase of height. The areas with obvious variations were consistent on different levels of height,and those with the highest variations appeared above surface of shore, sloping field, Typha wetland and Phragmites wetland; the vertical variations were greatly different, with the higher variations in Phragmites wetland and Typha wetland, and the lands near the shore and the sloping field with the lower variations. Spatial variations of daily average CO2 concentrations above wet!and surface were affected by surface qualities and land covers.     

不同农业灌溉用水对土壤理化性质影响的研究

编者按 土壤管理和土壤利用方式影响着土壤的发育方向和土壤的性质(如土壤质地、土壤环境、土壤生态等).农业生产中对土地的不同管理措施或方式直接影响着农业土壤的发展方向和土壤环境变化.城市污水往往有较高的肥力,利用其灌溉农业,即能利用水源又能利用其中的肥源,有利于农业生产.     

我国海域赤潮灾害的类型、分布与变化趋势

根据赤潮灾害发生的空间位置、水动力、营养物质来源等因素。将赤潮灾害类型划分为河口型、海湾型、养殖型、沿岸流型、上升流型和外海型六类。对赤潮灾害记录分析表明,河口型赤潮的发现次数占总数的30％,海湾型赤潮占29％,养殖型赤潮占27％,沿岸流型和上升流型均各占6％,外海型赤潮最少,只占2％。并讨论了不同类型的赤潮灾害发生的主要区域,除海湾型赤潮的发现次数呈下降趋势外,其他各类型成因的赤潮均呈上升趋势。     

营区生态系统服务价值变化研究

本文在Costanza和谢高地等的研究成果基础上,根据2005年广东省的粮食产量和最低收购价格,核算得到广东省不同陆地生态系统单位面积生态服务价值,并据此估算了某营区生态营区建设规划实施前后的生态系统服务价值的变化.结果表明,生态规划实施后所有单项服务价值都有不同程度的提高,每年营区的生态服务总价值从403.6万元增长到516.3万元,增长了112.7万元.     

化学降阻剂在山地环境中的应用研究

把山地环境划分为4种类型,并对各自的特点进行了分析.从导电机理和降阻机理两个方面分析了化学降阻剂的降阻功能,根据不同地质条件讨论了化学降阻剂的合理选择,并对化学降阻剂的应用方法和技术进行了研究,为山区防雷提供一定的参考价值.     

受污染地表水体生物修复技术研究进展

主要介绍了受污染地表水体生物修复技术的类型及特点,综述了国内外关于受污染地表水体生物修复技术研究及应用的现状,并对生物修复技术的研究及应用进行了展望.