铁锰复合氧化物吸附活性黑染料的性能研究

采用高锰酸钾和硫酸亚铁反应制备铁锰复合氧化物,考察其吸附活性黑染料过程中的影响因素,并比较原位生成的和提前制备的铁锰复合氧化物的吸附性能。结果表明:铁锰复合氧化物对活性黑有较强的吸附能力,吸附过滤之后的去除率较高;染料废水中的硫酸根离子会降低去除率,而氯离子则无明显影响;染料废水的pH值对去除效果的影响较小;原位生成的铁锰复合氧化物的吸附容量大于预制的铁锰复合氧化物固体。通过傅里叶—红外光谱(FTIR)表征分析,推测出铁锰复合氧化物中丰富的表面羟基(Mn-OH、FeOOH官能团等)在吸附过程中起到了重要作用。     

Quantitative method to determine the regional drinking water odorant regulation goals based on odor sensitivity distribution：Illustrated using 2-MIB

Taste and odor （T/O） in drinking water often cause consumer complaints and are thus regulated in many countries. However, people in different regions may exhibit different sensitivities toward WO. This study proposed a method to determine the regional drinking water odorant regulation goals （ORGs） based on the odor sensitivity distribution of the local population. The distribution of odor sensitivity to 2-methylisobomeol （2-MIB） by the local population in Beijing, China was revealed by using a normal distribution function/model to describe the odor complaint response to a 2-MIB episode in 2005, and a 2-MIB concentration of 12.9 ng/L and FPA （flavor profile analysis） intensity of 2.5 was found to be the critical point to cause odor complaints. Thus the Beijing ORG for 2-MIB was determined to be 12.9 ng/L. Based on the assumption that the local FPA panel can represent the local population in terms of sensitivity to odor, and that the critical FPA intensity causing odor complaints was 2.5, this study tried to determine the ORGs for seven other cities of China by performing FPA tests using an FPA panel from the corresponding city. ORG values between 12.9 and 31.6 ng/L were determined, showing that a unified ORG may not be suitable for drinking water odor regulations. This study presents a novel approach for setting drinking water odor regulations.     

Ultrasonic preparation of nano-nickel/activated carbon composite using spent electroless nickel plating bath and application in degradation of 2,6-dichlorophenol

Ni was effectively recovered from spent electroless nickel （EN） plating baths by forming a nano-nickel coated activated carbon composite. With the aid of ultrasonication, melamine- formaldehyde-tetraoxalyl-ethylenediamine chelating resins were grafted on activated carbon （MFT/AG）. PdC12 sol was adsorbed on MFT/AC, which was then immersed in spent electroless nickel plating bath; then nano-nickel could be reduced by ascorbic acid to form a nano-nickel coating on the activated carbon composite （Ni/AC） in situ. The materials present were carefully examined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electro- chemistry techniques. The resins were well distributed on the inside and outside surfaces of activated carbon with a size of 120 ± 30 nm in MFT/AC, and a great deal of nano-nickel particles were evenly deposited with a size of 3.8 ± 1.1 nm in Ni/MFT. Moreover, Ni/AC was successfully used as a catalyst for ultrasonic degradation of 2.6-dichloronhenol.     

凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶吸附水体中TPH吸附特性

以水体中总石油烃(total petroleum hydrocarbons,TPH)为目标污染物,采用凹凸棒石复合二氧化硅气凝胶进行净化石油类污染水体研究,主要考察复合气凝胶使用量及环境要素对去除水体中TPH的影响。研究结果表明:凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶与污染水体的质量比为1:60,对TPH的去除率随温度的升高而降低,受pH变化影响较小;当NaCl浓度在0~100 g/L,MgCl2浓度在0~2.5 g/L时,复合气凝胶对水体中TPH的去除率几乎不受盐度的影响;Fe3+、Mn2+、NH4+、NO3-均能促进复合气凝胶对TPH的去除,但受其浓度变化影响较小,同时,凹凸棒石纤维复合气凝胶对上述离子也有微弱的去除作用。研究成果为凹凸棒石复合气凝胶在实际石油类污染水体中的应用提供了科学可靠的数据支撑。     

A-LBG凝胶珠对碱性品红的吸附特性研究

以刺槐豆胶(LDG)、海藻酸钠(A)为材料制备复合凝胶珠,探讨反应时间、碱性品红浓度、温度及pH对复合凝胶珠吸附碱性品红的影响。结果表明,复合凝胶珠对碱性品红的吸附在180 min后达到平衡,pH=8为最佳吸附pH,同等条件下,复合凝胶珠对碱性品红的吸附优于活性炭,其对碱性品红的吸附行为符合Freundlich吸附等温方程和颗粒内扩散方程。     

聚合氯化铁-聚(环氧氯丙烷-二甲胺)复合絮凝剂在模拟水处理中的混凝特性研究

制备出一系列具有不同聚合氯化铁(PFC)的碱化度(B)、不同聚(环氧氯丙烷-二甲胺)[P(EPI-DMA)]质量分数[ω(E)]和黏度(η)的PFC-P(EPI-DMA)复合混凝剂,并将其用于模拟染料废水和模拟天然地表水的絮凝脱色处理,对比探讨了ω(E)、η和B对PFC-P(EPI-DMA)中铁的形态分布及其混凝效果的影响,以及混凝作用机制.结果表明,复合絮凝剂中铁的有效形态含量随ω(E)的增大而不断降低;η=850 mPa.s时,复合混凝剂中铁的有效形态含量最高;随B值的增大,Feb含量先增大后减少,而Fec含量逐渐增大.一定程度上使用预水解程度较低、有机成分黏度较大的PFC-P(EPI-DMA)有利于混凝效果的提高,复合混凝剂中有机成分质量分数对混凝效果的影响则与处理对象有关.在模拟水处理中,复合混凝剂依靠电性中和及架桥吸附能力发挥混凝特性.     

应用新型好氧堆肥反应器连续投加处理人粪便的研究

针对间歇式堆肥反应器处理效率低、不便移动、单次投加所需物料量大等不足,以及为更有效地处理分散型人粪便,使人粪便资源化,开发了梨形筒式好氧堆肥反应器。在获得该反应器的最佳通风与搅拌频率分别为3.0 L/min,5 min/h以及最佳m（粪便）︰m（锯末）为1︰2.5的条件下进行连续投加人粪便好氧堆肥。在不接种微生物的30 d堆制过程中,升-降温周期为36 h,平均温度为51.44℃,第15天时COD降解率达到63.99%并趋于稳定,TN损失率第17天时达到56.68%,GI于第21天时达到106.25%,堆肥完全腐熟,稳定期处理效率为23.81 g/（L·d）。接种土著菌种时,升-降温周期缩短至24 h,平均温度为53.96℃,COD降解率8 d可达65.28%,TN 损失率仅为25.75%,GI于第8天达到108.22%,稳定期处理效率可达35.71 g/（L·d）,比不接种时提高1.5倍,同时节约能耗50%。     

专利资讯

正专利名称:铝塑分离再生利用系统专利申请号:CN201220363682.9公开号:CN202700829U申请日:2012.07.25公开日:2013.01.30申请人:安徽华翼金属集团有限公司一种铝塑分离再生利用系统,涉及铝塑分离技术领域,系统按工艺步骤依次包括破碎机、磨粉机组、除尘装置、物料提升机和铝塑静电分离机组,所述破碎机与磨粉机组之间设置有螺旋上料装置,磨粉机组与除尘装置之间通过管道密闭     

吴晓青：环保企业年均复合增速达30％

下一步促进环保产业发展应从执法管理、加强创新、金融扶持和简政放权四个方面推进。     

复合燃料温室气体排放量计算方法探讨

当前复合燃料温室气体(GHG)排放量的计算普遍采用IPCC排放因子法,此法的运用需要依赖准确的燃料消耗计量、燃料氧化率和燃料低位热值等数据,其缺省因子是否适合有待商榷。本文通过采用实地监测手段,在获得了企业固定排放源设备的相关参数后,采用IPCC排放因子法、质量平衡法、时间比法、负荷法和热值分配法等几种方法对企业GHG排放量进行了计算。结果显示:IPCC排放因子法的计算结果并不能准确地反映企业温室气体的排放情况,而热值分配法可以较好地对燃烧复合燃料的固定燃烧源GHG排放量进行计算。建议有条件的地区采用监测法对固定燃烧源GHG排放量进行计算,而采用热值分配法对燃烧复合燃料的固定燃烧源拓展时间段的GHG排放量进行计算。