人工合成衬层渗漏检测高压直流电法漏洞电流模型

建立了填埋场渗漏检测高压直流电法漏洞电流模型．将单衬层填埋场看作水平方向为无穷大的3层均匀介质，上层为垃圾层，中间层为人工合成衬层，下层为土壤层．漏洞电流对周围空间电势分布的影响被等效为位于电流流人端的负电流源和位于电流流出端的正电流源对周围空间电势分布的影响膜上漏洞检测通过偶极子法试验、膜下漏洞检测通过电极栅格法试验，结果表明用所建模型计算的理论值与实测值吻合较好．     

我国工业危险废物产生特性研究

工业生产是危险废物的主要来源,工业危险废物是世界各国固体废物管理的重要方面.以我国历年环境统计数据为基础,全面分析了我国工业危险废物产生现状和特点.研究了工业危险废物产生量、利用量和处置量、工业危险废物区域和行业分布特点、工业危险废物与工业固体废物的关系、工业危险废物产生量与工业产值的关系及工业危险废物产生的变化趋势等.提出今后我国既要重视对传统的石油化工、化学工业和冶金工业等行业产生的危险废物管理,又要重视对高新技术产业和西部资源省份产生工业危险废物的管理.     

危险废物的分级管理研究

危险废物具有多种危害特性,如果管理控制不当将会对人类健康和生态环境造成很大危害。通过系统分析国内外危险废物分级管理的思想,并针对我国目前的危险废物管理现状,提出了以风险评价为手段进行分级管理的观点,以及相应的分级管理程序建议,为我国危险废物管理者提供参考。     

双衬层填埋场渗漏检测电极铺设方式研究

利用高压直流电法对双衬层填埋场渗漏检测进行了研究.结果表明检测电极的铺设方式以及供电电极和参比电极的位置对漏洞定位有一定影响.在回路电流、检测电极间距、定位算法、介质分布相同的条件下,三角形的检测电极铺设方式比四边形的漏洞定位误差小,且不同点的误差波动小.当参比电极距离漏洞较近时,漏洞定位误差较大;而参比电极与漏洞的距离越大,漏洞定位误差则越小.同时,检测层的电势分布主要是由供电电极和漏洞造成,因此,参比电极的位置既要远离漏洞又要远离供电电极.     

生活垃圾填埋场不同填埋方式填埋气特性研究

对于国内外在传统的厌氧填埋和新型的准好氧填埋两种不同运行方式下对填埋气的特性研究作了简介。通过比较分析，传统的厌氧填埋结构中填埋气的甲烷含量比较高（40％～60％），而准好氧填埋中填埋气的甲烷含量只有10％～20％。对于中小型的填埋场，由于技术和成本的制约，建立准好氧填埋场，不仅有利于加快垃圾的稳定化进程，还可以减少甲烷的生成量，减轻对环境所造成的污染。     

关于使用含混合酸显色剂测定水中六价铬的问题探讨

使用含硫酸和磷酸的二苯碳酰二肼显色剂进行水中六价铬的测定，不仅省时省力，简便快速，且方法切实可行，完全能满足环境监测分析要求。     

怠速工况下汽车使用乙醇汽油排放污染物的变化

对怠速工况下使用乙醇汽油汽车尾气中污染物进行了检测.结果表明,使用乙醇汽油后,汽车尾气中CO和HC浓度明显降低,平均下降率为56.9%和38.2%;NOx平均下降率为15.0%;CO2浓度平均增长率为5.04%;苯系物浓度明显降低,平均下降率在45.5%～53.1%;醛类的浓度增加明显,平均增长率在47.8%～293%;丙酮、丁酮的浓度增加,分别为16.6%和25.3%.     

回灌条件下垃圾填埋体析出氨氮总量模型

文章在试验基础上提出垃圾厌氧填埋场达到稳定后，温度与渗滤液中氨氮析出总量呈二次关系，对试验数据进行相关性分析，其相关系数R2达到0．9185，从而验证了该二次函数关系的正确性。同时本文提出了回灌条件下，垃圾厌氧填埋体氨氮析出总量的模型，为今后该方面研究工作的进一步展开提供借鉴。     

Dynamic characteristics of woody plant regeneration in karst secondary forests in central Guizhou北大核心CSCD

Based on community data (2012, 2020) of the Tianlong Mountain evergreen and deciduous broadleaved mixed forest plot in central Guizhou, China, the species composition, importance value index, diversity, and dynamic changes were estimated to explore the renewal and change characteristics of karst secondary forests. The results showed that: (1) the number of individual species in the investigated two hm2 plot encompassing 33 families and 55 genera, totaling 69 species decreased from 10 276 to 7837. Five families, 10 genera, and 18 species were newly added, while seven families, nine genera, and 11 species disappeared. The difference between the importance value indices of the species was obvious; that of Lithocarpus confinis (20.97–23.26) was much higher than that of other species. Except for some species, the overall inter-annual differences were not large, and the status of mesophytic and shaded species has increased. Life forms were dominated by small trees and shrubs or small trees, and the plant number density of different life forms is reduced. (2) The Margalef and Shannon-Wiener indices of shrubs were the largest, and the Pielou indices of shrubs or small trees were the largest. The composition of most life forms has increased; the diversity became richer; and the uniform distribution of individual species has increased, but the change was small. (3) With respect to the spatial distribution pattern, the species were generally clustered, and only a few were randomly distributed. The Cx, I, m*, CA, and G indices of the species were reduced, and those of some species were quite different. A tendency for aggregated distribution was observed over random distribution, but the aggregation degree of Lithocarpus sphaerocephala was still high. The PAI index of most species increased but was not obvious, whereas the K value changed irregularly. Overall, the species composition, importance value index, diversity, and spatial distribution pattern of the main species in this community have changed to some extent but without any significant fluctuations. L. sphaerocephala was still the dominant species in succession, and the species composition of the flora was stable. The restoration of vegetation and the development of the entire community are slow. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.