Analysis and Modeling on the Spatial Structure of Urban Land Use: A Case of Jinan, China

Based on the data of urban land use obtained by remote sensing interpretation from aero images in 1986 and 2004, the spatial structure of Jinan is studied in this paper with the method of Geographic Information System (GIS). According to the proportion of land for residence, industry and commerce, the urban district can be distinguished into three rings. Compared with the traditional theory of the ring structure in Western coun- tries, they have many distinctive characteristics. The main func- tions of the inner ring include residence, business and banking, but the proportion of residential land (more than 50%) is considerably higher than that of the cities in Western countries. The land proportion for residence and industry in the intermediate ring is equal on the whole. The main land of the outside ring is for industrial use. From 1986 to 2004, great changes have taken place on the land proportion of different types of use. In the inner ring, the land for residential and industrial use has shrunk much while the land for commercial use has increased. In the intermediate ring, the changes of the three types of land use were not very much and the temporal variation was relatively stable. On the contrary, the structure in the outside ring varies acutely. Though most of it is also for industrial use, the proportion of residential land has in- creased much. The three rings can also be divided into several sectors respectively, according to the function of land use clusters. New trends and mechanisms of the changes of land use impacting the urban structure were proposed in the end of the paper.     

Local Area Quotas for Industrial Emissions along Reaches of the Pearl River in Guangdong

There is an obvious departure from the regional equilibrium of developments between the upper and lower reaches of the Pearl River in Guangdong, which resulted in ＂the effects of contra-geography-grads development＂. It is mainly because the upriver mountainous areas have been deeply stuck in industrialization delay and marginalization plights, so that nearly 40 million local people have conceived a dream to get rid of ＂the vicious circle of poverty＂ by speeding up industrial development. But the problem is that such industrialization efforts on a large scale in mountainous areas are encountering the bottleneck of environmental capacity that strictly limits industrial emissions along the upper reaches of any water system. As a solution, an institutional arrangement called ＂the Local Area Quotas for Industrial Emissions along the Pearl River＂ is put forward supposed to give corresponding compensation to the rights of industrial development yielded by some areas with lower environmental capacity through the distribution and trading of IDQs.     

1979—1982年成矿作用研究的进展

<正> 过去的四年中,在成矿作用方面取得了两个主要进展:海底“黑烟囱”(smoker)的发现和矿床模式概念的形成。第一个进展的取得是意想不到的。1978年,由法国、墨西哥和美国科学家联合组成的海洋考察队,在下加利福尼亚南面北纬21°海域勘探东太平洋隆起时发现了不活动的深海热液喷口,在其周围有Zn、Cu和Fe的硫化物沉积物,不久又首次发现了     

闪锌矿中记录的矿体冷却史——日本津茂夕卡岩矿床的一个实例

<正> 引言 众所周知,闪锌矿中常含有磁黄铁矿和(或)黄铜矿的叶片和细点。自Schwartz(1931)等的经典著作发表以来,这些结构一直被解释为出溶产物。本文对含有许多磁黄铁矿和黄铜矿不规则颗粒、叶片和细点的闪锌矿样品进行了详细的电子探针分析和辅助的加热实验研究。这些研究,根据Cu-Fe-Zn-S体系的近代知识,可以对样品中所观测到的结构进行成功的解释。     

菲律宾吕宋岛三描礼士蛇绿岩中的耐火型和冶金型铬铁矿石

<正> 序言豆荚状蛇绿岩型铬铁矿床是高级冶金型铬铁矿石(Cr_2O_3 45—60wt%)的重要来源,并且是耐火型铬铁矿石(Al_2O_3最低为25wt%,Cr_2O_3+Al_2O_3最低为60wt%,FeO最高为15     

南非早元古代德兰士瓦系古土壤和泥铁岩中的层状金矿化

<正> 引言本文所述层状金矿化作用局限于几千米厚的约22亿年的德兰士瓦系比勒陀利亚群岩石中。比勒陀利亚群主要由页岩和石英岩及一些基性火山岩夹层组成。该地层位于构造盆地内,常有轻度变形,并有辉绿岩床的侵入。比勒陀利亚群最下部的火山岩单元是赫克普特组     

沸石工业成因类型

<正> 天然沸石在工农业各个部门以及在解决自然保护任务方面已得到日益广泛的应用。近年来,在美国、日本、保加利亚、匈牙利等许多国家均发现了大型的沸石矿床。同样,在苏联     

ASPECTS OF ETHNOARCHAEOLOGY AND THE EXPLOITATION OF THE HIGHLAND ZONE

RIASSUNTO-Aspetti dell'etnoarcheologia e lo sfruttamento delle zone montane.L'Autore prende inconsiderazione due diverse aree geografiche,parte dell'arco alpino centro-orientale e quello dei Carpazi,in cui sono state svolte ricerche sia archeologiche che etnoarcheologiche sui modelli d'insediamento attualein aree montane.Viene in particolare sottolineata l'importanza dello studio emologico per una migliorericostruzione dei modelli di vita delle popolazioni preistoriche portando svariati esempi presi principalmentenei Balcani meridionali.     

硫矿化在阿斯特拉罕气田硫化氢形成过程中的作用

<正> 阿斯特拉罕凝析气田以硫化氢的浓度高为特征。矿床中H_2S的成因问题,不仅具有理论意义,而且具有实际意义,因为不管是在黑海沿岸的盆地,还是在其它地区,预测高浓度硫化氢聚集的可靠性,在相当大的程度上取决于对H_2S成因的正确认识。关于矿床中硫化氢的成因有两种观点。第     

磷、磷块岩与前寒武纪-寒武纪交界时期生物骨骼的演化

<正> 前寒武纪-寒武纪交界时期发生的从软体动物到介壳动物的变化,是地质记录中最引人注目、最重要而又了解最少的事件之一。关于这一事件(通常被称为寒武纪生物激增或寒武纪辐射(radiation)事件)的起因,一直是众多推测的对象。可能的解释包括:大气氧含量达到临界水平或大气中二氧化碳浓度降低;由于世界范围的海侵形成了新的浅海生态环境;由