黔西地区峨眉山玄武岩(东岩区)铂族元素地球化学特征

利用同位素稀释 等离子体质谱(ICP MS)方法测定了黔西水城、威宁等地的东岩区峨眉山玄武岩的铂族元素含量。结果表明,相对于原始地幔,东岩区峨眉山玄武岩的铂族元素发生了较强的分异作用,Os、Ir、Ru、Rh亏损,Pd、Pt则发生富集,相对配分模式为Pd Pt富集型;经球粒陨石及原始地幔标准化的铂族元素配分模式为向左陡倾斜型,具有陡的正斜率,Pd/Ir显著高于原始地幔、球粒陨石、原始上地幔等,而与地幔低度熔融形成的N MORB、大陆拉斑玄武岩等接近,表明峨眉山玄武岩的物质来源为上地幔熔融程度偏低的玄武岩浆。     

Water pollution and its control in China

Based on comprehensive analysis of the status, major characteristics and regulation of regional differentiation of water pollution in China, the following counter measures for control water pollution were suggested: Overall planning and rational allocation; Comprehensive utilization and technical reform; Strengthening environmental management and the legal system.     

模糊数学在大气环境质量评价中的应用

本文应用模糊数学方法对近年宜宾市城区大气环境质量进行综合评价,并与常用的其它几个模式进行可比分析,其更能描述大气污染程度的特点。因此模糊综合评判法对大气环境质量评价是一种有效的评价方法,它具有较强的实用性。     

Green markets, eco-certification, and equilibrium fraud

Consumers voluntarily pay significant price premiums to acquire unobservable environmental attributes in green markets. This paper considers the performance of eco-certification policy under circumstances where consumers cannot discern environmental attributes in goods, but are able to form rational expectations regarding the extent of illicit activities in the green market. The main results are: (i) fraud is less prevalent in green markets when entry barriers limit the number of firms; (ii) conventional environmental policies on polluting techniques increase the incidence of fraud, and can even preclude the use of non-polluting techniques which would otherwise emerge in green markets; (iii) voluntary eco-certification policies can decrease fraud, increase output, and raise profits per firm; and (iv) in cases where the socially optimal resource allocation can be supported, the optimal policy involves negative unit certification fees, positive fixed certification fees and is revenue-generating for the certifying agent.     

Elevation-dependent genetic variation of plants and seed embryos in the Crimea Mountain population of Pinus pallasiana D. Don

In the Crimea Mountain population of Pinus pallasiana D. Don, the genetic structure of adult plants and embryos was studied along an elevation gradient (150, 400, 600, and 900 m a.s.l.). Ten polymorphic loci of six enzyme systems were examined. The degree of differentiation of plants from different elevations and their progeny with respect to genetic structure proved to be low, indicating the absence of strict isolation barriers that would interfere with gene flow along the elevation gradient.     

基于源区监测的城市地表径流污染空间分异性研究

通过对汉阳城区14个地表源区4次降雨径流过程水样的采集与分析,研究城市地表径流污染空间分异性及其影响因素,以期为地表径流污染的源区控制提供科学依据.结果表明,城市地表径流颗粒态COD、TN和TP分别占58%±17%、65%±13%和92%±6%,溶解态TN中NH 4+-N、NO 3--N和DON相当.不透水地表功能、交通流量、土地利用、人口密度以及卫生管理水平是影响城市地表径流水质空间分异的主要因素.土地利用对径流污染程度的影响是旧城居民区一般城区居民区/饮食区交通商业区新建区城市绿地,人口密度高和管理差的旧城区径流污染最重;道路地表径流污染程度与交通流量呈正相关,交通流量越高地表径流污染越重,1级交通干道2级干道支路.加强地表卫生的管理,并对地表径流污染产生的关键源区进行控制是减轻城市地表径流对水环境负面影响的有效途径.     

工业遗产旅游展示方式的ETP模式分析

从旅游体验角度论述了工业遗产展示研究的现状，并通过E—T—P分析，提出了工业遗产旅游的5种展示方式，说明不同类型的工业遗产地对展示方式的差异化需求。     

泉州山美水库及入库河流沉积物中多溴二苯醚的时空分异和降解分析

为了解城市水源水库中多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的时空分异和同系物的降解来源及其贡献,分析了泉州山美水库及入库河流表层沉积物中PBDEs的含量、污染程度、空间分布、水文期变化、赋存量、同系物组成及其降解来源的贡献.结果表明,入库河流沉积物中∑PBDEs中值（1072.1 ng ·g^-1）是山美水库（160.4 ng ·g^-1）的6.7倍,山美水库单位面积沉积物中∑PBDEs的赋存量（80.3 kg ·km^-2）是太湖的6.3倍,北美五大湖的188倍,其污染程度较国内外大多数湖库更严重,且以BDE-209为主（84.5%~99.2%）.水库大多数样点（r为0.564~0.994,P<0.034）及河流各点（r为0.953~1.0,P<0.000）间PBDEs组成相似度较高,入库区和入库河流样点间极显著正相关（r为0.779~0.964,P<0.005）且相关性强于其他功能区,显示入库河流是水库中PBDEs的主污染源.库尾区与入库河流相关性较低（r为0.454~0.915,P≤0.128）,受九都镇影响较大.各样点∑PBDEs水文期变化较一致（r为0.617~0.714,P≤0.077）,但水文期变化对∑PBDEs的影响统计不显著（P=0.178,Two-Way ANOVA）,而点位变化则对∑PBDEs有极显著影响（P=0.0001）,入库区和其他功能区有（近）显著差异（P为0.019~0.061）,表明PBDEs在水库沉积物中的空间分布变异大于水文期变化.PBDEs自然降解从河流到入库区再到库中区逐渐增加,且各级还原脱溴速率不同,部分BDE因其继续降解速率较慢而累积.丰度比值法研究表明,低溴BDE主要源自十溴二苯醚的逐级还原脱溴自然降解.Deca-BDE降解产生的Nona-BDE约70%以上可较快降解生成Octa-BDE,BDE-208约85%源自BDE-209的降解,从Octa-BDE到Penta-BDE的降解过程中,部分Octa-BDE和Hexa-BDE同系物因降解较慢而累积,Penta-BDE到Tri-BDE降解率在70%以上.     

In Vitro Evaluation of Biological Effects on Human Keratinocytes Exposed to 900 MHz Electromagnetic Field

Summary The biological effects of electromagnetic radiation at ultra high frequency on human keratinocytes were investigated. HaCaT cell system, a spontaneously immortalized human keratinocytes cell line, was chosen as model since skin is usually exposed to electromagnetic radiation at considered frequency more than inner tissues. HaCaT cells were exposed to a pure sinusoidal field at a frequency of 900 MHz (average SAR levels ranging from 0.04 to 0.08 W/kg) in plane wave condition inside a GTEM chamber for time intervals of 18 hours at a controlled temperature of 37^∘C. Growth curves were obtained for exposed and control cells, and a reduction in the number of exposed cells in comparison to unexposed ones was found; however the number of dead cells was not significantly different in exposed and unexposed samples. In order to investigate whether the reduction in cell proliferation of exposed cells was due to the activation of a differentiative process, the expression of two hallmarks of differentiation was examined. Both keratin 1 and involucrin expression was increased in exposed in comparison to unexposed cells. These results suggest that this protocol of exposure to 900 MHz electromagnetic field can trigger a differentiation program in HaCaT cells.     

湘东青草坡韧性剪切带金成矿构造地球化学初步研究

本文以野外取得的第一手资料为依据，总结了青草坡韧性剪切带的金成矿地质特征。并以剪切带内构造岩常量组分和稀土元素地球化学研究为基础，探讨了剪切作用的地球化学行为。结合对剪切带内含金石英脉的形成时代测定和铅同位素地球化学分析，就应力化学分异作用对金成矿的贡献提出了新认识。