气相色谱-质谱法快速筛查气态制冷剂产品中的热点管控类卤代烃

建立了利用气相色谱-质谱法快速筛查气态制冷剂产品中的10种热点管控类卤代烃的分析方法。采用气密性微量注射器对气态制冷剂样品进行取样,刺透瓶盖隔垫加入到顶空瓶中,自动进样;以GS-GasPro(多孔层开管,60 m×0.32 mm)为色谱柱,采用电子轰击离子源,全扫描模式采集。测试结果显示:目标物的体积分数在0.50%~100.00%范围内,相对响应因子的相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于20%;线性相关系数r均在0.999以上;检出限(3.143倍标准偏差)为0.01%~0.05%。对实际样品进行加标回收,回收率为79.5%~102%,测定值RSD为0.5%~3.1%。该方法可为快速、准确、批量筛查气态制冷剂产品中的多种热点管控类卤代烃提供技术支撑。     

顶空-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中卤代烃

建立顶空-气相色谱-质谱法同时测定土壤中挥发性及半挥发性卤代烃的方法。实验优化顶空平衡温度、顶空平衡时间及盐度条件,并对优化后方法的线性、检出限、精密度及回收率进行分析。结果表明:29种目标化合物在线性范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.997,方法检出限为2.2~5.9μg/kg,样品不同浓度水平加标回收率范围为80.0%~120%,相对标准偏差小于20%。该方法适用于土壤样品中挥发及半挥发性卤代烃的测定。     

毛细管柱顶空气相色谱法测定水中氯代苯研究

大口径毛细管柱顶空气相色谱测定水中氯苯类的方法 ,具有简便、快速、干扰少、灵敏度高等特点。 0 .2 5mL顶空气体进样 ,二氯苯和三氯苯的检出限为 0 .0 1～ 0 .1 μg/L ,灵敏度高于萃取法 40～ 1 0 0倍 ,更有利于地表水中氯苯类有机物的测定。     

静态顶空气相色谱法测定工业废水中的甲醛和苯酚

建立了静态顶空取样，气相色谱直接分析水产中甲醛和苯酚的方法。该方法有良好的重现性，甲醛、苯酚连续监测定6次的相对标准偏差分别为1．9％和4．7％，甲醛、苯酚的检测限分别为0.50mg/mL和0.30mg/mL，方法简便，快速，基底干扰小，适用于工业废水中甲醛和苯酚的同时，快速测定。     

Wind tunnel attraction of grapevine moth females, Lobesia Botrana, to natural and artificial grape odour

Summary. Host plant volatiles which attract insect herbivores for egg-laying are of principal interest with respect to insect ecology and evolution. Direct applications concern population monitoring and control through behavioural manipulation. Identification of behaviourally active plant secondary metabolites is essential also for plant breeding for insect resistance. Grapevine moth females Lobesia botrana are attracted by upwind flight to green grape berries Vitis vinifera. The headspace of grape berries was collected on air filters. A solvent extract of these filters, released from a sprayer, attracted females in the wind tunnel. The results demonstrate that volatile cues mediate attraction of grapevine moth females to grape berries, and that headspace collections capture the essence of this odour signal. The air filter extracts were examined by gas chromatography coupled with electroantennographic detection, and the compounds eliciting a consistent antennal response in L. botrana females were identified by mass spectrometry. The headspace collection apparatus was calibrated for collection efficiency of the active compounds. Their recovery rate ranged from 35 % for methyl salicylate to 83 % for (E,E)-α-farnesene. A synthetic ten-component blend was then formulated. The blend consisted of compounds eliciting an antennal response, formulated in a blend ratio corrected for differences in collection efficiency. Subsequent wind tunnel tests showed that female attraction to this synthetic ten-component blend was not significantly different from attraction to grape berries, or to headspace collections of the same berries. At a release rate of 35 ng/h of the most abundant compound (E)-β-caryophyllene, 20 % of the test females approached the source of sprayed headspace collections and the ten-component synthetic blend, respectively. In comparison, 100 g of green berries, releasing the main compound (E)-β-caryophyllene at a rate of ca. 4.7 ng/h, attracted 10 % of the females by upwind flight followed by source contact.     

傅立叶变换红外多组分气体分析仪在水污染应急监测中的应用

为了更好地为水污染应急监测工作服务,利用顶空原理,采用傅立叶变换红外多组分气体分析仪,测定水样中的有机污染物,快速筛查定性水体中主要污染物,再选用标准方法准确定量污染物浓度。结果表明,该方法具有测定范围广、仪器携带方便、筛查定性快速的优点。     

动态顶空-气相色谱/离子阱质谱法测定土壤中苯系物

采用动态顶空进样，气相色谱/离子阱质谱法测定土壤中的苯系物。对样品的吹扫温度、吹扫时间和解析时间进行了优化，各组分的方法检出限：苯为0.43 μg/kg，甲苯为1.13 μg/kg，对、间二甲苯均为1.74 μg/kg，邻二甲苯为0.37 μg/kg；对5种苯系物的低、中质量浓度标液进行加标，回收率为82.0%～115%，重复测定7次的RSD为4.8%～15.1%。对某造纸厂周边土壤样品中苯系物进行测定，结果固废堆存处周边土壤中苯和甲苯检出。     

气相动态顶空法分析水源水中61种挥发性有机物

建立了用于饮用水源水中61种挥发性有机物（VOCs）同时进行分析的气相-动态顶空进样-气相色谱-质谱法（D-HS-GC-MS）,VOCs包括集中式生活饮用水地表水源地特定项目中的31种VOCs。用D-HS-GC-MS法对水样中VOCs进行分析,获得良好的标准曲线线性关系（均大于0.995,溴二氯甲烷除外）,除乙醛、丙烯醛、丙烯腈和环氧氯丙烷的方法检出限分别为15 g/L、13 g/L、11 g/L和11 g/L外,其余VOCs的方法检出限均介于0.10～0.58 g/L,饮用水源水实际样品加标回收率和RSD分别为75.8%～116%和1.16%～21.6%（n=3）。气相-动态顶空进样法相对于常见的吹脱捕集法具有不直接接触样品的优势,避免了仪器被样品污染,用于饮用水源水中几十种VOCs的同时分析,在常规监测中可节省大量的人力物力投入。     

真空采血管顶空气相色谱法检测水中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳

采用真空采血管顶空填充柱气相色谱法测定水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳,结果表明,三氯甲烷在10.0～50.0μg/L,四氯化碳在0.5～4.0μg/L浓度范围内呈良好线性关系,其r值分别为0.9994和0.9998;三氯甲烷和四氯化碳RSD分别在1.64%~2.27%和1.45%~2.40%之间;加标回收率分别在97.0%~103.5%和94.0%~103.2%之间。该方法操作简单,具有较好的灵敏度和准确度,适用于水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳的检测。     

顶空气相色谱法测定水中苯系物研究

采用专用自动顶空进样器和大口径毛细管柱对静态顶空气相色谱法测定水中苯系物进行了研究,最低检出浓度0.001mg/L,可用于地表水和废水中苯系物的测定。