Global perspectives and future research directions for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil: A knowledge mapping analysis from 2001 to 2020

• The overall global perspective of the PHMCS field was obtained. • PHMCS research has flourished over the past two decades. • In total, 8 clusters were obtained, and many new hot topics emerged. • “Biochar,” “Drought,” “Nanoparticle,” etc., may be future hot topics. • Five future directions are proposed. In total, 9,552 documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and subjected to knowledge mapping and visualization analysis for the field of phytoremediation of HM-contaminated soil (PHMCS) with CiteSpace 5.7 R3 software. The results showed that (1) the number of publications increased linearly over the studied period. The top 10 countries/regions, institutions and authors contributing to this field were exhibited. (2) Keyword co-occurrence cluster analysis revealed a total of 8 clusters, including “Bioremediation,” “Arsenic,” “Biochar,” “Oxidative stress,” “Hyperaccumulation,” “EDTA,” “Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,” and “Environmental pollution” clusters (3) In total, 334 keyword bursts were obtained, and the 25 strongest, longest duration, and newest keyboard bursts were analyzed in depth. The strongest keyword burst test showed that the hottest keywords could be divided into 7 groups, i.e., “Plant bioremediation materials,” “HM types,” “Chelating amendments,” “Other improved strategies,” “Bioremediation characteristics,” “Risk assessment,” and “Other.” Almost half of the newest topics had emerged in the past 3 years, including “biochar,” “drought,” “health risk assessment,” “electrokinetic remediation,” “nanoparticle,” and “intercropping.” (4) In total, 9 knowledge base clusters were obtained in this study. The studies of Ali et al. (2013), Blaylock et al. (1997), Huang et al. (1997), van der Ent et al. (2013), Salt et al. (1995), and Salt (1998), which had both high frequencies and the strongest burst scores, have had the most profound effects on PHMCS research. Finally, future research directions were proposed.     

地震发生前后民众心理分析及传播作为

通过对地震前后民众心理的探究及案例分析显示,阐明信息传播在防震救灾工作中的重要位置.并试从传播学的角度,将防震救灾工作与新闻传播紧密结合,提出了解决当前地震预报工作与信息发布之间的矛盾与困惑的方法.     

脉冲放电等离子体烟气脱硫脱硝工业试验研究

40 000～50000 Nm3/h工业试验结果表明,烟气温度75～80℃,脱硫效率＞90%,脱硝效率＞40%,烟气温度90～95℃,脱硫效率＞80%,脱硝效率＞50%;脉冲能耗＜3 Wh/Nm3;随着温度升高,SO2热化学反应效率逐渐降低;随着氨硫化学计量比增大,氨泄漏逐渐增加,烟气温度90～95℃,氨泄漏增加更为迅速.并分析了副产物的成分,阐述了脱硫脱硝的机理,并探讨了烟气排放的温度.     

脉冲放电等离子体烟气脱硫脱硝工业试验研究

40000～50000Nm^3／h工业试验结果表明，烟气温度75～80℃，脱硫效率〉90％，脱硝效率〉40％，烟气温度90～95℃，脱硫效率＞80％，脱硝效率＞50％；脉冲能耗＜3Wh／Nm^3；随着温度升高，SO2热化学反应效率逐渐降低；随着氨硫化学计量比增大，氨泄漏逐渐增加，烟气温度90～95℃，氨泄漏增加更为迅速。并分析了副产物的成分，阐述了脱硫脱硝的机理，并探讨了烟气排放的温度。     

HRT对折流板式厌氧生物反应器处理印染废水的影响

针对印染废水水质水量变化大、ρ(BOD₅)/ρ(COD_Cr)低、色度高的特点,以苏南某污水厂(印染废水比例大于90％)调节池出水为研究对象,开展ABR(折流板式厌氧生物反应器)处理印染废水试验,处理规模为2 L/h,重点考察不同HRT(水力停留时间)下ABR对COD_Cr、色度的去除和对ρ(BOD₅)/ρ(COD_Cr)的提升效果. 结果表明:①当进水平均ρ(COD_Cr)为517 mg/L、色度为380倍、ρ(BOD₅)/ρ(COD_Cr)为0.20时,随着HRT(32、24、18、14和10 h)的缩短,COD_Cr平均去除率由46.1%降至22.5%,色度平均去除率由60.6%降至51.0%,出水ρ(BOD₅)/ρ(COD_Cr)由0.39降至0.30. ②随着格室数量的增加,ρ(COD_Cr)和色度逐渐降低,其中第1格室的COD_Cr和色度的去除率分别占总去除率的20.0%和51.0%,紫外-可见吸收光谱扫描也证明了这一点. ③经过ABR厌氧水解后污染物种类明显减少,说明ABR厌氧水解作用较好,可为后续好氧工艺奠定基础.      

氯盐对汞化合物污染土壤热脱附过程的影响

对HgCl₂、HgS、Hg(NO₃)₂·H₂O、HgO、HgSO₄ 5种试剂分别添加MgCl₂、CaCl₂和NaCl 3种氯盐,采用热重分析法进行热挥发性对比研究,以期选择对汞化合物热脱附有促进作用的氯盐,并将其添加到内蒙古2块不同污染场地的汞污染土壤样品(A、B)中,进行低温热脱附修复研究. 结果表明:5种汞化合物试剂热脱附温度由低到高依次为HgCl₂＜HgS＜Hg(NO₃)₂·H₂O＜HgO＜HgSO₄. 在汞化合物中加入MgCl₂、CaCl₂和NaCl后的热重分析发现,MgCl₂对HgS、Hg(NO₃)₂·H₂O、HgO、HgSO₄热脱附过程影响最大,降低了汞化合物热脱附的初始温度. A、B 2个污染土壤样品加入MgCl₂热脱附后,汞的去除率分别从无药剂处理的65.67%、70.74%升至81.35%、84.91%. 表明MgCl₂可以促进汞污染土壤中汞化合物的转化,有利于土壤汞污染的热脱附修复,应用前景较好.      

光污染影响我们的生活

摘要：我们的身边光污染随处可见,光污染可分为白亮污染,人工白昼、彩光污染。光污染不仅危害生态环境,也影响了我们的生活。因此我们应该关注光污染,以期防治光污染,保护自身健康。     

基于多属性决策方法的饮用水健康风险全面评价

分别从整体和单个指标两方面对饮用水的健康风险进行全面评价。整体评价方面,引入多属性决策方法对饮用水进行覆盖全部指标的健康风险评价。在给出指标不达标阈概念的基础上,提出了一个以指标从达标到不达标阈的敏感度为依据计算指标权重的方法。单个指标的健康风险评价方面,应用目前美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对饮用水中的重金属指标进行健康风险评价,改进饮用水中污染物为有机物的健康风险评价模型达到对饮用水中的有机物指标进行健康风险合理评价。最后给出一个算例对所提方法进行了验证。结果表明,将多属性方法与目前普遍使用的健康风险评价方法结合起来使用能够实现从整体上和单个指标上对饮用水健康风险进行全面评价,从而更具实效性。