絮凝剂对含油污泥过滤性能的影响

本研究主要考察了絮凝剂对含油污泥的过滤性能的影响,以及影响污泥絮凝过滤的各种因素,并通过实验确定了污泥的最佳絮凝的运行条件。     

采油废水资源化技术工艺研究

采用三种不同的工艺 (隔油 -破乳絮凝 -砂滤、隔油 -水解酸化 -SBR和隔油 -破乳絮凝 -SBR)对某油田采油废水进行了对比性试验研究。试验结果表明 :某油田采油废水经隔油 -破乳絮凝 -SBR处理后 ,COD、BOD去除率分别达到了 95 %和 90 %以上 ,出水指标达到了国家含油废水排放标准和回注水标准 ;经过隔油 -破乳絮凝 -砂滤处理后 ,COD和油去除率分别达到 85 %和 95 %以上 ,COD没有达到排放标准 ,油达到了排放标准 ;经隔油 -水解酸化 -SBR工艺处理后 ,COD、BOD去除率分别达到 85 %左右和 90 %以上 ,BOD达到了排放水标准 ,但 COD没有达到排放标准 ,仍需后续处理     

纤维球过滤的适应性和稳定性的研究

论述了纤维球过滤技术用于给水处理和废水处理的效果和适应情况，并和砂滤进行了同步比较试验．同时，探讨了纤维球滤料的反冲洗条件和反冲效果，并经长期运行以观察纤维球过滤的稳定性．     

Effects of discharge fluctuation and the addition of fine sediment on stream fish and macroinvertebrates below a water-filtration facility

A small, coastal stream in the San Francisco Bay area of California, USA, received the discharges from a drinking-water filtration plant. Two types of discharges were present. Discharges from filter backwashing were 3–4 times base stream flow, occurred 10–60 times per day, contained fine sediments, and each lasted about 10 min. The other discharge was a large, steady flow of relatively sediment-free water from occasional overflow of the delivery aqueduct which generally lasted several hours a day.Samples of invertebrates from natural substrates had significantly fewer taxa and lower density at the two stations below the backwash than at the two above. However, when stable artificial substrates were used, there were no significant differences among all four stations. The aqueduct apparently had no effect because the. invertebrate community at the station upstream of the backwash but downstream of the aqueduct was statistically similar to the station above the aqueduct. To test for acute toxicity, we exposed additional artificial substrates to short-term simulated backwash conditions. These exposures had no effect on invertebrate density or drift. Three-spine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) populations were also significantly reduced at the two downstream stations and were made up mostly of larger, adult fish. Prickly sculpins (Cottus asper), restricted to the most downstream station, were emaciated and had poor growth, probably as a result of scarce benthic food organisms. Artificial redds with eggs of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) had significantly lower survival at two stations below the plant backwash (30.7% and 41.8%) than at the one above it (61.4%). Hatchery rainbow trout held in cages below the treatment plant from 7 to 37 days survived and continued to feed.Thus, the major effect of the water treatment plant on fish and invertebrates probably was not from acute toxicity in the discharges or the occasionally large discharge of clean water from the aqueduct, but was from the fluctuating backwash flows containing fine sediment that displaced small fish downstream and created unstable benthic substrates for invertebrates.The filter plant that we studied is a direct-feed type (that is, no sedimentation before filtration). These generally require greater frequencies of backwashing than do conventional plants and may therefore have greater biological impacts. Direct-feed plants are becoming increasingly popular throughout the world, for the most part because they are cheaper to build and operate. But if the associated biological problems are mitigated, then the cost savings of direct-feed compared to conventional plants may be lost.     

静电增强纤维层过滤技术的研究

对静电增强纤维层过滤进行理论及实验研究。得出纤维层在非稳态状态下,考虑三种作用机理时的效率式,并利用模型系统进行实验研究,对各种影响因素加以分析     

石灰法草浆造纸污水处理循环利用新工艺

用锅炉烟气处理石灰法草浆造纸黑液 ,絮凝沉淀高效过滤处理综合污水 ,实现造纸生产用水循环利用率 90 %以上 ,投资和运行费用仅为常规方法的一半     

砂滤池改纤维滤池可行性分析

根据洛阳石化炼油污水装置砂滤池存在的问题，通过分析纤维束滤料的性能特点及工业应用现状，从工艺改造及运行费用方面对砂滤池改为纤维滤池的可行性进行了探讨。     

皮洛德污水试验装置的应用

皮洛德（ＰＩＬＯＴ）污水试验装置又称先导试验装置。它可以在新油区开发之前，通过对评价井的试验向人们提供最适合于该区的污水处理方法。该装置由过滤法、隔油法、气浮选法、斜板沉降法、水力旋流法等五套污水处理装置组成。本文就南海某油田试用情况，分别介绍了各套装置的流程及适用范围。     

Plankton filtration with compressible crumb rubber packs

The experiments described provide insight into the feasibility of using compressible particulate packs to filter live plankton. The pore constriction sizes are controlled by subjecting the filter pack to isotropic confinement, thereby allowing for: (1) enhanced filtration upon confinement and (2) enhanced unclogging upon relaxation. Results show that filtration efficiency increases with increasing confinement; however, complete plankton retention is difficult to attain due to the plankton’s ability to pass through pore constrictions that are smaller than the plankton size. The results are anticipated to offer potential benefits to ballast treatment and aquatic filtration operations.     

煤泥的脱水助滤效果研究

测定了用不同量的ＣＡＭ助滤剂对不同煤泥的助滤脱水效果，结果说明了助滤脱水效果与助滤剂用量、粒度组成和煤泥种类等相关。