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41.
Alberto Sanz Thomas Misselbrook Maria José Sanz Antonio Vallejo 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(7):999-1002
Ammonia (NH3) emission from land application of manure is typically measured using the integrated horizontal flux (IHF) micrometeorological method. However, there are some situations in which alternative techniques (such as an inverse dispersion modelling technique) might be preferable, for example when measuring from large or irregularly shaped source areas. In this study, an inverse dispersion technique using the backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) model, with 2 different experimental configurations, was compared with the Integrated Horizontal Flux method (i.e. IHF), which was used as reference technique. Pig slurry was surface-applied at 125 kg N ha?1 to bare soil on a large plot (80 × 125 m). Cumulative emissions were 19.3, 21.2 and 18.4 kg N ha?1 from the IHF and the bLS technique (experimental configurations I and II), respectively. Mean flux within each sampling period as estimated by the two techniques compared extremely well, with a slope not significantly different from 1 and r2 of 0.99. Although limited in extent, this dataset agree with a previous study in demonstrating the use of the bLS technique with longer period time-averaged concentration measurements. 相似文献
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Simon T. Belt Thomas A. Brown Patricia Cabedo Sanz Alba Navarro Rodriguez 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2012,10(2):189-192
IP25 is a highly branched isoprenoid and an organic geochemical biomarker that is produced by some Arctic sea ice diatoms. IP25 has previously been used in Arctic palaeo sea ice reconstruction studies and as a tracer for studying Arctic food webs. Here,
the molecular structure of IP25 has been confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy following large-scale extraction from marine sediments obtained from the Canadian Arctic and purification
using a combination of open-column and HPLC chromatographic methods. The structure of IP25 was consistent between the three different sampling locations and was identical to that found previously for this biomarker
following synthesis from a closely related highly branched isoprenoid diene. Since this study represents the first structural
characterisation of IP25 in sediments, future analysis of sedimentary IP25 for palaeo Arctic sea ice reconstructions can be carried out with much greater confidence. 相似文献
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Beth A. Pletcher Maureen M. Sanz Jerrold S. Schlessel Suphat Kunaporn Carrie McKenna Martin G. Bialer M. Lita Alonso Ann-Leslie Zaslav W. Ted Brown James H. Ray 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(10):933-940
Two phenotypically abnormal liveborns in whom trisomy 16 mosaicism was diagnosed prenatally by amniocentesis are described. Analysis of a percutaneous umbilical blood sample in one case revealed a normal chromosomal complement. Ultrasound examinations performed at the time of amniocentesis were normal. Serial sonography during the late second and third trimesters demonstrated progressive intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) in both fetuses and a cardiac defect in one. At birth, both infants had dysmorphic features and multiple congenital anomalies. Trisomy 16 mosaicism was confirmed postnatally in both infants in skin fibroblasts; however, peripheral blood samples contained only chromosomally normal cells. The two mosaic trisomy 16 cases described in this report, together with the five confirmed cases reported previously, demonstrate the need for caution in the counselling of patients when trisomy 16 mosaicism is diagnosed prenatally in amniotic fluid samples. Such cases potentially can result in the birth of dysmorphic infants with significant birth defects, growth retardation, and possible developmental disabilities. 相似文献
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Elena Paoletti Anna Maria Ferrara Júlia Cerveró María José Sanz 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(3):865-870
Ozone-like visible injury was detected on Hibiscus syriacus plants used as ornamental hedges. Weekly spray of the antiozonant ethylenediurea (EDU, 300 ppm) confirmed that the injury was induced by ambient ozone. EDU induced a 75% reduction in visible injury. Injury was more severe on the western than on the eastern exposure of the hedge. This factor of variability should be considered in ozone biomonitoring programmes. Seeds were collected and seedlings were artificially exposed to ozone in filtered vs. not-filtered (+30 ppb) Open-Top Chambers. The level of exposure inducing visible injury in the OTC seedlings was lower than that in the ambient-grown hedge. The occurrence of visible injury in the OTC confirmed that the ozone sensitivity was heritable and suggested that symptomatic plants of this deciduous shrub population can be successfully used as ozone bioindicators. EDU is recommended as a simple tool for diagnosing ambient ozone visible injury on field vegetation. 相似文献
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Andreas Klumpp Wolfgang Ansel Gabriele Klumpp Jörn Breuer Philippe Vergne María José Sanz Stine Rasmussen Helge Ro-Poulsen Àngela Ribas Artola Josep Peñuelas Shang He Jean Pierre Garrec Vicent Calatayud 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(2):329-339
Within a European biomonitoring programme, Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) was employed as accumulative bioindicator of airborne trace elements (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, Zn) in urban agglomerations. Applying a highly standardised method, grass cultures were exposed for consecutive periods of four weeks each to ambient air at up to 100 sites in 11 cities during 2000–2002. Results of the 2001 exposure experiments revealed a clear differentiation of trace element pollution within and among local monitoring networks. Pollution was influenced particularly by traffic emissions. Especially Sb, Pb, Cr, Fe, and Cu exhibited a very uneven distribution within the municipal areas with strong accumulation in plants from traffic-exposed sites in the city centres and close to major roads, and moderate to low levels in plants exposed at suburban or rural sites. Accumulation of Ni and V was influenced by other emission sources. The biomonitoring sites located in Spanish city centres featured a much higher pollution load by trace elements than those in other cities of the network, confirming previously reported findings obtained by chemical analyses of dust deposition and aerosols. At some heavily-trafficked sites, legal thresholds for Cu, Pb, and V contents in foodstuff and animal feed were reached or even surpassed. The study confirmed that the standardised grass exposure is a useful and reliable tool to monitor and to assess environmental levels of potentially toxic compounds of particulate matter. 相似文献
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