Loft features influence the processing of navigational information by pigeons

The present study evaluates the impact of lofts on the development of the navigational system of pigeons. A series of results obtained between 2000 and 2004 were analyzed. The H-loft was placed 10 m above the ground, with a ring format and seven windows all around it as well as three external aviaries that allowed birds to have a wide view of the outdoors and of the sky and knowledge of the wind dynamics. The L-loft was placed at ground level, with a single window transformed into an external aviary. The L-loft was protected from the wind by surrounding trees, reducing the ability of the pigeons to access the wind dynamics and also restricting their access to information regarding the outside area and the sky. In a preliminary analysis, we found the parameter of “vanishing time” to differ significantly between lofts in two of the five age classes. A thorough analysis of this parameter throughout the ontogenetic development of the birds demonstrated a pronounced improvement in the information-processing system with age, with adults vanishing quicker than younger birds, although an impairment of development occurred during the third month of age, perhaps due to a reorganization of the system. This result was obtained when the effect of lofts was considered in the different age classes. Results suggest that loft features are an important factor in the ability of the young pigeons to exploit navigational cues.     

开发沸石矿用于农业的经济评价

我国沸石矿资源丰富。开发利用沸石矿于农业,可增产粮食400亿公斤,加上节约化肥和用作饲料添加剂等方面,年经济效益为496.25亿元。因此,开发利用沸石矿于农业具有重大的经济意义,从促进我国粮食生产上新台阶的角度考虑,则具有重大的战略意义。     

市政污泥用于矿区土壤改良的污染风险评估及配比分析

通过土柱淋溶试验,分析了市政污泥在矿山土壤改良中重金属污染风险,探讨了市政污泥用于矿区土壤改良的可行性,并确定了土壤污泥最佳混掺比例。结果表明:景山高岭土矿区土壤除速效磷含量较高外,其余养分含量分级为四—五级,即"低—很低";市政污泥除速效钾含量较低外,其余养分含量分级均远大于一级"很高";永春污水处理厂污泥为B级农用污泥,可施用于油料作物、果树、饲料作物、纤维作物,不能施用于蔬菜、粮食作物;按各处理配比进行污泥的适量施用造成地下水污染风险较小;综合考虑土壤肥力及重金属污染因素,该矿区最佳土壤、市政污泥干重混掺比为5∶2。     

军用车辆防腐工艺存在的主要问题及改进措施

对部分军用车辆生产厂家和使用部队进行了调研,对军用车辆的腐蚀现状、防腐工艺进行了研究分析,重点研究了军用车辆的防腐工艺,主要包括基材的预处理、涂防锈底漆、刮腻子、喷面漆以及零部件电镀等几个方面,并对防腐工艺存在的主要问题及改进措施进行了论述。     

GAC-石英砂滤池处理高氨氮原水的生产研究

以广州市珠江流溪河下游为水源,采用GAC-石英砂滤池处理沉淀池出水,研究了该工艺对枯水期高氨氮原水的去除规律及其影响因素。结果表明:GAC-石英砂滤池滤与普通砂滤池相比氨氮的去除显著提高,滤后水氨氮平均值为2.08mg/L,去除量约为1.0mg/L,去除率为33.8%。研究显示氨氮处理效果受余氯的灭菌作用、溶解氧不足、原水水质下降、pH值不足、活性炭滤料吸附性能下降、空床接触时间短、反冲洗周期与强度的影响。建议降低前投氯而加强后投氯量,同时使用无氯水进行反冲洗;保持滤后水溶解氧在2～4mg/L且pH值7.5;延长反冲洗周期至36h;适当降低运行负荷可提高GAC-石英砂滤池对氨氮的去除效果。     

应用HSE观察促进管理改进

介绍了中国石化HSE观察的应用背景与目的,重点探讨了对HSE观察问题的处理与分析,及其对管理的促进。     

生态足迹模型的缺陷及改进研究进展

从生态足迹的基本理论出发,总结概括了生态足迹假设条件及模型的缺陷：生态偏向性;估算遗漏性;分析静态性;土地“质”的不均衡性。综述了生态足迹分析模型相关问题改进的国内外研究进展,并对今后研究中应加强的几个方面进行了总结。     

气相色谱法测定空气和废气中氯乙烯的改进

因填充柱装柱繁琐,柱效低,最低检出浓度高,不能判别无组织废气中氯乙烯的浓度是否达到《大气污染物综合排放标准》（GB16297—1996）排放限值的要求;用毛细管柱能满足分析的要求。     

二苯碳酰二肼光度法测定水中六价铬方法的改进

对比了6种酸体系对二苯碳酰二肼光度法测量六价铬的影响,得出盐酸体系步骤简化。分析速度快,易操作。线性关系、精密度、准确度能得到保证。     

Modeling the e ects of constructed wetland on nonpoint source pollution control and reservoir water quality improvement

This article describes the integrated modeling approach for planning the size and the operation of constructed wetlands for maximizing retention of nonpoint source pollutant loads and reservoir water-quality improvement at a catchment scale. The experimental field-scale wetland systems (four sets, 0.88 ha each) have been in operation since 2002, where water depth was maintained at 30–50 cm and hydraulic loading rate was at 6.3–18.8 cm/day. The wetland system was found to be adequate for treating polluted stream water with stable removal e ciency even during the winter. The integrated modeling system (modified-BASINS) was applied to the Seokmoon estuarine reservoir watershed and calibrated with monitoring data from constructed wetland, stream, and reservoir. The calibrated integrated modeling system estimated that constructing wetlands on 0.5% (about 114 ha) of the watershed area at the mouth of reservoir could reduce 11.61% and 13.49% of total external nitrogen and phosphorus loads, respectively. It also might improve the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of the reservoir by 9.69% and 16.48%, respectively. The study suggested that about 0.1%–1.0% of the watershed area should be allocated for constructed wetland to meet specified water-quality standards for the estuarine reservoir at the polder area where land use planning is relatively less complicated.