Changes in Tundra Pond Limnology: Re-sampling Alaskan Ponds After 40 Years

The arctic tundra ponds at the International Biological Program (IBP) site in Barrow, AK, were studied extensively in the 1970s; however, very little aquatic research has been conducted there for over three decades. Due to the rapid climate changes already occurring in northern Alaska, identifying any changes in the ponds’ structure and function over the past 30–40 years can help identify any potential climate-related impacts. Current research on the IBP ponds has revealed significant changes in the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of these ponds over time. These changes include increased water temperatures, increased water column nutrient concentrations, the presence of at least one new chironomid species, and increased macrophyte cover. However, we have also observed significant annual variation in many measured variables and caution that this variation must be taken into account when attempting to make statements about longer-term change. The Barrow IBP tundra ponds represent one of the very few locations in the Arctic where long-term data are available on freshwater ecosystem structure and function. Continued monitoring and protection of these invaluable sites is required to help understand the implications of climate change on freshwater ecosystems in the Arctic.     

富营养化水体景观的微生物修复研究

把美国的基因工程菌应用于徐州市黄河故道富营养化水体，对水体中营养性指标进行了测定及分析，并对水体中生物生长变化情况进行观察，从而了解在富营养状态下水体水质变化的基本情况。在了解水体水质变化状况的基础上，利用消氮细菌及沉淀细菌对实验水体进行生物修复。     

潮汐河流着生藻类监测采样设计

以上海黄浦江上游的藻类群落在空间和时间上的分布格局为例，讨论了用于环境质量监控的着生藻类群落分析的采样设计，设计采用收集者曲线及多元分析技术。研究表明，黄浦江着生藻类监测的采样频率每年至少４次，冬季不宜取样，条件许可应在夏季增加采样频率；综合分析宜采用年度复合样方；文中所采用的格局研究原则，同样适用于其它生物类型的采样设计。     

一种新型消毒剂的杀藻研究

由藻类过量繁殖引发的富营养化所造成的危害越来越严重并日益受到关注，采用钠法工艺生产的次氯酸钙是一种无残毒，不产生二次污染的高效广谱灭菌药物，对该药物的杀灌效率进行了生物测试的结果表明，它能有效地杀灭引发水华的绿藻，蓝藻和硅藻，≥62.5ppm（有效氯含量，下同）曝露96h，4种被试藻类的死亡率可达92％－100％，高浓度（500ppm)条件下，绿藻，蓝藻和藻分别在几分钟和1h内全部死亡，≤1p pm的浓度对4种被试藻类基本上不造成严重伤害。     

藻密度手工监测实验室间比对研究

为研究不同实验室藻密度监测数据的可靠性,现场采集了藻密度样品,处理为现场平行样和实验室前处理后平行样2种,分别由5家实验室的6名技术人员开展检测分析。参考相关技术规范要求,结合其他领域相似工作的成功应用案例,采用Z比分数法对分析结果开展藻密度实验室间比对。结果表明,数据的相对偏差均符合技术规范要求;对藻密度进行数据直接比对和对数转换后比对,各实验室对现场平行样和实验室前处理后平行样的检测结果均为合格;分析方法原理导致藻密度手工监测的绝对数值偏差较大,对当前的太湖水华预警工作适用性不高。     

超声波除藻的机制以及安全性研究进展

超声波空化氧化是一种新兴的除藻技术。较之其他的除藻工艺,超声波有着无可比拟的优势,越来越受到重视。本文就超声波除藻技术研究中的热点问题——超声波除藻的机制以及超声波除藻的水质安全性的最新研究进展进行综述,并指出这些研究中存在的一些问题以及未来可能的研究方向。     

Induction of mercury‐binding peptide in whole cells and anucleated cells of Acetabularia calyculus

The present study reports the isolation and partial purification of a mercury‐binding polypeptide in whole and anucleated cells of Acetabularia calyculus. Sephadex G‐75 Gel filtration showed that cells exposed to Hg exhibit a major peak of protein(s) concomitant with both, a major peak of Hg (revealed by atomic absorption spectroscopy), and the major peak of mercury‐thiolate complex (based on a high 254 nm absorbance) accompanied by high content of SH groups. SDS‐Page electrophoresis showed that this peak contains one major polypeptide of apparent molecular weight 27.000 dalton. These results are in agreement with our previous finding of unusually high bioconcentration factor of Hg in Acetabularia related to the induction of a polypeptide in both, whole and anucleated cells of Acetabularia, in presence of Hg.     

水库水源水生物陶粒滤池预处理中试研究

针对受污染的某水库水源水进行中试规模的生物陶粒滤池试验研究。试验结果表明,生物陶粒滤池预处理能全面净化水源水的水质。在气水比为0.75～1∶1,水力负荷为4～6 m3／(m2·h)条件下,对NH+₄－N,NO-₂－N和CODMn的去除率分别为89%～97.5%,97.5%～99％,20%～35%;对藻类的去除率为60.1%～84.3%。      

南湖富营养化主要控制因子分析

全面分析了南湖湖泊系统中营养物之间、营养物与藻类生长之间的相互关系,探讨了各种环境因子对南湖富营养化的影响,结合藻类增长潜力试验结果确定南湖富营养化的主要控制因子。结果表明,光、温度、碳、氮不能成为南湖富营养化的主要控制因子,控制南湖富营养化的关键在于控制磷。      

不同水动力条件对景观水体富营养化模拟过程中藻类演替的影响

采用微宇宙培养法,分析了不同水动力条件(不循环、水循环和泥循环)对微污染景观水体富营养化模拟过程中藻类演替的影响.结果表明,水循环和泥循环使得水体的TP值前期增加后期减少,前期藻类生长主要受TP影响,而后期浊度成了重要的影响因素;水循环引起的TP值减少及蓝藻聚集状态的破坏,导致了藻类的生长明显减缓,但优势种的演化过程却...