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71.
Constructed wetlands have emerged as a viable option for helping to solve a wide range of water quality problems. However, heavy
metals adsorbed by substrates would decrease the growth of plants, impair the functions of wetlands and eventually result in a failure
of contaminant removal. Typha latifolia L., tolerant to heavy metals, has been widely used for phytoremediation of Pb/Zn mine tailings
under waterlogged conditions. This study examined e ects of iron as ferrous sulfate (100 and 500 mg/kg) and lead as lead nitrate (0,
100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) on phosphorus utilization and microbial community structure in a constructed wetland. Wetland plants (T.
latifolia) were grown for 8 weeks in rhizobags filled with a paddy soil under waterlogged conditions. The results showed that both the
amount of iron plaque on the roots and phosphorus adsorbed on the plaque decreased with the amount of lead addition. When the ratio
of added iron to lead was 1:1, phosphorus utilized by plants was the maximum. Total amount of phospholipids fatty acids (PLFAs)
was 23%–59% higher in the rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil. The relative abundance of Gram-negative bacteria, aerobic bacteria, and
methane oxidizing bacteria was also higher in the rhizosphere soil than in bulk soil, but opposite was observed for other bacteria and
fungi. Based on cluster analysis, microbial communities were mostly controlled by the addition of ferrous sulfate and lead nitrate in
rhizosphere and bulk soil, respectively. 相似文献
72.
Biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in drip irrigation emitters
distributing reclaimed wastewater 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Using reclaimed wastewater for crop irrigation is a practical alternative to discharge wastewater treatment plant effluents into surface waters.However,biofouling has been identified as a major contributor to emitter clogging in drip irrigation systems distributing reclaimed wastewater.Little is known about the biofilm structure and its influence on clogging in the drip emitter flow path.This study was first to investigate the microbial characteristics of mature biofilms present in the emitters and the effect of flow path structures on the biofilm microbial communities.The analysis of biofilm matrix structure using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that particles in the matrix of the biofilm coupled extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and formed sediment in the emitter flow path.Analysis of biofilm mass including protein,polysaccharide and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) showed that emitter flow path style influenced biofilm community structure and diversity.The correlations of biofilm biomass and discharge reduction after 360 h irrigation were computed and suggest that PFLAs provide the best correlation coefficient.Comparatively,the emitter with the unsymmetrical dentate structure and shorter flow path (Emitter C) had the best anti-clogging capability.By optimizing the dentate structure,the internal flow pattern within the flow path could be enhanced as an important method to control the biofilm within emitter flow path.This study established electron microscope techniques and biochemical microbial analysis methods that may provide a framework for future emitter biofilm studies. 相似文献
73.
糖蜜废液培养微生物絮凝剂及絮凝特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
糖蜜废液含有大量的糖类和氨基酸等营养物质,当糖蜜废液被稀释50倍,初始pH调至5.0,接入絮凝剂产生菌HHE-P7,在150r/min、30℃摇床培养,3d后可得到絮凝性物质。絮凝物质中95%的活性成分存在于糖蜜培养液的上清液中;高岭土悬浊液的pH、絮凝剂投加量以及Ca2+的添加量都对絮凝效果有影响。 相似文献
74.
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76.
运用群体累计培养的方法研究了UV-B辐射增强对壶状臂尾轮虫(Brachionus urceus)种群增殖的影响.结果表明:UV-B辐射增强对壶状臂尾轮虫的种群数量、雌体抱卵率和种群增殖率都有显著影响(P<0.05).实验表明,在本实验辐射强度(20μW/cm2)和剂量范围内(0.24、0.48、0.72、0.96和1.20kJ/m2),壶状臂尾轮虫的种群数量和种群增殖率均以对照组最高,各UV-B辐射处理组则随UV-B辐射剂量的增大而呈一致性减小,说明该种群的种群数量和种群增殖率随UV-B辐射的增强显示一致性的影响,两者都可以作为大气UV-B辐射强弱的生物指标. 相似文献
77.
微生物燃料电池中产电微生物电子传递研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
微生物燃料电池集产电和污水净化为一体,作为一种新型的能源回收技术得到人们的广泛关注。从微生物燃料电池工作原理来看,电子能否顺利地传递到阳极表面对于电流的产生起着关键作用。因此,本文重点阐述了电子在产电微生物体内产生的途径、电子从微生物体内向阳极传递的不同方式以及阳极材料对产电微生物附着和电子传递的影响。从生物化学、电化学和材料学上对产电微生物体内的电子到阳极整个过程进行全面的综述。明确电子传递的关键环节,为新型高效阳极材料的开发提供思路。 相似文献
78.
生物絮凝在校园生活污水处理中的应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将高效生物絮凝剂产生茵V3,V11,V13应用于校园生活污水处理中,可有效提高水处理絮凝效果。试验结果表明:当SBR反应器曝气时间3h,投菌量50g/L,温度28—30℃,V3对OD550,NH3-N,COD,浊度去除率分别达91.5%.82%,91.3%,93.5%,V11对OD550,COD,浊度去除率分别达89.1%,91.5%,95.1%,对NH3-N去除率较低;V13对OD550,COD,浊度去除率分别达90.7%,93.3%,92.1%,对NH3-N几乎没有去除;3株菌混合培养,3株菌形成一种互生关系.应用于水处理中当SBR曝气时间3h,投菌量50g/L,温度28~30℃,对OD550,NH3-N,COD,浊度去除率分别达93.3%,86.7%。93.5%,96%,同时能有效的改变污泥沉降性能. 相似文献
79.
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