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71.
珠江广州河段着生藻类的群落结构及其与水质的关系 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:11
于2007年6月、7月和9月,采用玻璃挂片法对珠江广州河段9个断面处着生藻类的分布状况进行了调查,同时测定了叶绿素a、总氮、总磷、溶解氧、pH等环境因子.本调查共观察到着生藻类35种,主要以丝状绿藻占据优势,其中毛枝藻是绝对优势种,其最高数量百分比达97.4%;而附着在绿藻藻体的一些硅藻,如异极藻、脆杆藻也是常见优势物种.着生藻类数量丰富,为3.16×104-3.06×106cells·cm-2;种类多样性较低,Shannon-Weaver种类多样性指数为0.15~2.68.从总氮和总磷含量来看,珠江广州河段水质为Ⅲ类至Ⅴ类之间.调查期间,2007年7月12日举行了"广州市万人游珠江活动",由于活动期间采取的一些截污治理措施,6月、7月水质特别是广州市区河段水质有所好转;但活动过后,营养盐特别是总磷浓度迅速上升,叶绿素a含量和着生藻类数量急剧增加.研究结果说明,珠江广州河段水质能够得以改善,但需要采取持续而有效的措施防止水质的进一步恶化,才能保证珠江水资源的可持续发展. 相似文献
72.
有限目标 突出重点 确保实现重点流域总量削减与水质改善目标——重点流域水污染防治规划解读 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
淮河、海河、辽河、巢湖、滇池、黄河中上游等6个流域,涉及16个省、市、自治区,总面积约155.9万平方公里.约占全国的16%.2005年流域总人口约4.6亿,约占全国的35%;GDP约6.2万亿元,约占全国的34%.废水排放量约147.8亿吨,约占全国的33%:COD排放量438.7万吨,约占全国的31%.总体来看,推进这6个流域的水污染防治工作,对全国的水环境改善具有重要意义. 相似文献
73.
本文就广东乳源南水水库的蓝藻活动现象,分析了前期的水文气象务件及水质条件,对蓝藻水华形成的物理因素、化学因素和生物学因素做了分析和讨论,提出了一些对蓝藻水华防治方面的措施. 相似文献
74.
上海中心城区苏州河沿岸排水系统降雨径流水文水质特性研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了解城市合流制管道系统降雨径流的水文水质变化过程与特征,于2007年7~9月对上海中心城区合流制排水系统(CSS)4类强度降雨(小雨、中雨、大雨和暴雨)的降雨量、径流量和污染浓度进行了同步连续监测与分析.结果表明,径流过程线滞后于降雨过程线约15~25 min,形态与降雨过程线相似,波动幅度低于降雨过程线.4类强度降雨的径流系数分别为:0.33、 0.62、 0.67和0.73.CSS基本存在30/30标准的降雨径流初始冲刷现象,污染物浓度过程线滞后于降雨过程线约30~40 min. 4类强度降雨径流的pH值和重金属Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni的事件平均浓度(EMC)均符合地表水环境质量标准Ⅴ类水要求,COD、BOD5、NH+4-N和TP的EMC的变化范围分别为225.0~544.1、 31.5~98.9、 8.9~44.2和1.98~3.52 mg·L-1,平均分别超过Ⅴ类水标准9.3、 5.6、 11.7和6.1倍,接近国外城市CSS的平均污染水平.SS与COD、BOD5、NH+4-N和TP在P<0.01水平上均具有一定的正相关性(R为0.359~0.736),颗粒态有机类和营养类污染物的比例平均为70.21%. 相似文献
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77.
Integrated assessment of river health based on water quality, aquatic life
and physical habitat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The health conditions of Liao River were assessed using 25 sampling sites in April 2005, with water quality index, biotic index
and physical habitat quality index. Based on the method of cluster analysis (CA) for water quality indices, it revealed that heavily
polluted sites of Liao River are located at estuary and mainstream. The aquatic species surveyed were attached algae and benthic
invertebrates. The result showed that the diversity and biomass of attached algae and benthic index of biotic integrity (B-IBI) were
degrading as the chemical and physical quality of water bodies deteriorating. Physiochemical parameters, BOD5, CODCr, TN, TP,
NH3-N, DO, petroleum hydrocarbon and conductivity, were statistically analyzed with principal component analysis and correlation
analysis. The statistical results were incorporated into the integrated assessing water quality index, combining fecal coliform count,
attached algae diversity, B-IBI and physical habitat quality score. A comprehensive integrated assessing system of river ecological
health was established. Based on the systimetic assesment, the assessed sites are categorized into 9 “healthy” and “sub-healthy” sites
and 8 “sub-sick” and “sick” sites. 相似文献
78.
Development and application of a two-dimensional water quality model for the
Daqinghe River Mouth of the Dianchi Lake 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Water quality models are important tools to support the optimization of aquatic ecosystem rehabilitation programs and assess their efficiency. Basing on the flow conditions of the Daqinghe River Mouth of the Dianchi Lake, China, two-dimensional water quality model was developed in the research. The hydrodynamics module was numerically solved by the alternating direction iteration (ADI) method. The parameters of the water quality module were obtained through the in situ experiments and the lab analyses that were conducted from 2006 to 2007. The model was calibrated and verified by the observation data in 2007. Among the four modelled key variables that were water level, CODcr, NH3-N and PO4-P, the minimum value of the coefficient of determination (CoD) was 0.69, which mean the model performed reasonably well. The developed model was then applied to simulate the water quality changes at the downstream cross-section assuming that the designed restoration programs were implemented. According to the simulated results, the restoration programs could cut down the loads of CODcr and PO4-P about 15%, however, they would have very little effect on the NH3-N removal. Besides, the water quality at the outlet cross-section would be still in class V (3838-02), indicating more measures should be taken to further reduce the loads. The study demonstrated the capability of water quality models to support aquatic ecosystem restorations. 相似文献
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