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81.
Martins Dayse Carvalho da Silva Resende Iasmin Tavares da Silva Bruno José Rocha 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(28):42384-42403
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pesticides have been used to kill pests such as insects, fungi, rodents, and unwanted plants. Since these compounds are potentially toxic to the... 相似文献
82.
Leite Marilaine Cristina Marques de Araujo Maycon Anderson da Silva de Paiva Wesller Camargos Liliane Santos Martins Aline Redondo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(5):6900-6910
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The indiscriminate use of fertilizers and chemical pesticides can lead to boron contamination of the soil. Decontamination in general is expensive and... 相似文献
83.
Mateus Tonelli Maria Fernanda Gomes Villalba Peñaflor Luís Garrigós Leite Weliton Dias Silva Fernanda Martins José Maurício Simões Bento 《Chemoecology》2016,26(2):59-66
Few systems have been described in which herbivore-induced root volatiles mediate attraction of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), and they only concern root damage inflicted by chewing insects. EPNs, especially Heterorhabditis indica and Steinernema carpocapsae, are potential biological control agents of sugarcane spittlebug (Mahanarva fimbriolata) populations. Here, we investigated the response of these two species of EPNs to sugarcane root volatiles damaged by M. fimbriolata nymphs in a belowground six-arm olfactometer. We also examined changes on root volatile profile in response to herbivory of sugarcane spittlebug nymphs. Results showed that both EPN species did not discriminate between odors of undamaged sugarcane and moistened sand (blank). However, when EPNs were exposed to odors of spittlebug-damaged and undamaged sugarcane roots, both species significantly preferred odors of spittlebug-damaged roots. Headspace collection followed by GC–MS analyses showed no qualitative difference (total of 11 compounds) between volatile profiles of spittlebug-damaged and undamaged sugarcane roots. In contrast to the previous studies involving feeding by root chewing insects, our root volatile analysis did not reveal any up-regulation resulting from sugarcane spittlebug damage, but the down-regulation of the terpenes dihydromyrcenol and β-isomethyl ionone when compared with the profile of undamaged sugarcane roots. Here, we propose alternative explanations for the EPN attraction to spittlebug-damaged roots as it is unlikely that reduced concentrations of the volatiles play a role in this interaction. Further studies are necessary to determine the key compounds of the root volatile emission to enhance biological control efficacy with EPNs against M. fimbriolata in sugarcane. 相似文献
84.
Olukemi A. Adeniran Martins E. Obuotor Femi K. Agboola Akindele J. Famurewa Stephen Osasan 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(7):1361-1374
In this study, a mannose-specific, homodimeric lectin from the seeds of Treculia africana was purified, characterized and its adverse effects were investigated in mice. The purification protocol involved anionic exchange chromatography on DEAE-Cellulose followed by gel filtration on Sephadex G-100. The hemagglutinating activity of lectin towards human erythrocytes was sensitive to inhibition by D-mannose. Treatment of the protein with EDTA exerted no inhibitory effect; however, analysis of metal content by atomic absorption spectroscopy revealed the presence of Cu2+, Fe3+, and Mg2+. The results obtained showed that the lectin possesses maximum hemagglutinating activity towards human erythrocytes activity over the pH range 3–7.2 and is relatively thermostable up to 50°C. Periodic acid Schiff's (PAS) reagent staining showed that the protein was non-glycosylated while its amino acid composition analysis revealed that the protein contained 155 residues per subunit. The subunit had a minimal molecular weight of 22,139 Daltons, while the native molecular weight was estimated to be 41,000 Daltons. The lectin was found to be moderately toxic to mice with an LD50 of 47.21 µg g?1 body weight while, histopathological analysis showed no treatment related effects in any of the organs examined. 相似文献
85.
Patinha C Reis AP Dias C Cachada A Adão R Martins H Ferreira da Silva E Sousa AJ 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2012,34(2):213-227
Previous environmental biomonitoring studies indicated higher environmental lead (Pb) pollution levels at the districts of
Aveiro and Leiria (Portugal). In evaluating the risk for human health, which is associated with contaminated soils after oral
uptake, total soil concentrations have generally been held against criteria established from toxicological studies based upon
the assumption that the uptake of the contaminant is similar in the toxicological studies and from the soils assessed. This
assumption is not always valid, as most toxicological studies are carried out with soluble forms of the contaminants, whereas
many soil contaminants are or become embedded in the soil matrix and thus exhibit limited availability. This study intends
to estimate the soluble fraction of Pb in the soils from central Portugal, and to assess the bioaccessibility of Pb and, hence,
infer exposure and risk for human health. Yet, as the physical–chemical properties of the soil exert some control over the
solubility of Pb in the surface environment, the relation between such soil properties and the estimated soluble and/or bioaccessible
fractions of Pb is also investigated. Other objective, with a more practical nature, was to give some contribution to find
a suitable in vitro mimetic of the gastrointestinal tract environment. The results indicate relatively low total metal concentrations
in the soils, even if differences between regions were observed. The Aveiro district has the higher total Pb concentration
and the metal is in more soluble forms, that is, geoavailable. Soils with higher concentrations of soluble Pb show higher
estimates of bioaccessible Pb. Soil pH seems to influence human bioaccessibility of Pb. 相似文献
86.
Ana P. L. Batista Hudson Wallace Pereira Carvalho Gustavo H. P. Luz Paulo F. Q. Martins Maraísa Gonçalves Luiz C. A. Oliveira 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2010,8(1):63-67
A photocatalyst based on CuO/SiO2 was prepared, and evaluated for the degradation of methylene blue in aqueous medium. The photocatalyst was obtained by calcination
method of copper salt, in the presence of silica. The characterization by XRD, FTIR, and TPR techniques confirmed the formation
of CuO as active phase. SEM studies showed CuO deposited on the surface of SiO2. By ESI-MS, it was demonstrated that the degradation of methylene blue occurs through successive hydroxylations. Photodegradation
assays showed that CuO/SiO2 was efficient for degradation, and that the material worked better in the presence of UV light. 相似文献
87.
Gabriel Hiromite Yoshino Lindemberg Lima Fernandes Júnior Hiroyuki Ishihara Adnilson Igor Martins da Silva 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2014,16(2):431-442
The Brazilian Amazon has about 69 % of available freshwater in Brazil, an amount that ends up creating the illusion that no lack of water and not lacking in the region, the large supply of this resource becomes a problem when it comes to the Management and Planning Water Resources in the Amazon, according to the wasteful use and lack of maintenance of stocks, compounded by the release of untreated wastewater. Speaking of water conservation programs in the Amazon a few decades ago and still today, with less intensity, is somewhat strange, given the large amount of water available and the culture of abundance. Thus, this research discusses the importance of the use of rainwater for non-potable purposes, since the potential for exploitation, throughout the year, due to this high rainfall in the Amazon region, ranging from, on average, 119.6 mm in months from November to 441.6 mm in March. The methods used for sizing of the reservoir were the Rippl and interactive, and economic viability checking done by the methods of net present value and discounted payback. As a result, there was a volume exceeding 1,000 m³ obtained by the method of Rippl, while the interactive method was a maximum of 75 m³. The economic viability presented fragile as a function of time to return exceeds the useful life of the utilization system for rainwater. 相似文献
88.
Mendes Bruna de Oliveira Rabelo Letícia Martins e Silva Bianca Costa de Souza Joyce Moreira da Silva Castro André Luis da Silva Anderson Rodrigo de Lima Rodrigues Aline Sueli Malafaia Guilherme 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(23):19234-19248
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The current study has assessed whether the oral and/or dermal exposure of C57Bl/6 J mice to tannery effluent (a complex pollutant consisting of... 相似文献
89.
Edna Santos de Souza Antonio Rodrigues Fernandes Anderson Martins de Souza Braz Lorena Lira Leite Sabino Luís Reynaldo Ferracciú Alleoni 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2015,187(1):1-20
The Trans-Amazonian Highway (TAH) is located in the northern region of Brazil, comprising a border region where agricultural, mining, and logging activities are the main activities responsible for fostering economic development, in addition to large hydroelectric plants. Such activities lead to environmental contamination by potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Environmental monitoring is only possible through the determination of element contents under natural conditions. Many extraction methods have been proposed to determine PTEs’ bioavailability in the soil; however, there is no consensus about which extractor is most suitable. In this study, we determined the contents of PTEs in soils in the surroundings of TAH after mineral extraction with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-triethanolamine (DTPA-TEA), Mehlich I, and Mehlich III solutions. Soil samples were collected in areas of natural vegetation in the vicinity of TAH in the state of Pará, Brazil. Chemical attributes and particle size were determined, besides concentrations of Fe, Al, Mn, and Ti by sulfuric acid digestion, Si after alkaline solution attack, and poorly crystalline Fe, Al, and “free” Fe oxides. Mehlich III solution extracted greater contents from Fe, Al, and Pb as compared to Mehlich I and DTPA-TEA and similar contents from Cd, Mn, Zn, and Cu. Significant correlations were found between concentrations of PTEs and the contents of Fe and Mn oxides as well as organic carbon and soil cation exchange capacity. Contents of Cu, Mn, Fe, and Zn by the three methods were positively correlated. 相似文献
90.
Marcelo?Azevedo?CostaEmail author Renato?Martins?Assun??o 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2005,12(3):301-319
Routine surveillance of a large geographic region for clusters of adverse health events, particularly cancers, often involves
small area health data, possibly controlling for exposure information. Many different methods have been proposed to test for
the presence of geographical clusters. Two of the most popular methods are the spatial scan method proposed by Kulldorff and
that using a fixed number of cases within scanning circles proposed by Besag and Newell. Although the second test is very
popular, it has some difficulties. While the scan test controls for the multiple testing problem, the Besag and Newell test
does not. Additionally, the latter method requires the setting of several tuning parameters whose values affect the test performance
and are subjectively chosen by the user. This creates a difficulty to make a fair comparison between the two methods and it
explains why there have been few formal studies evaluating their relative performances. In this paper, we modify the Besag
and Newell test allowing for the control of the error type I probability and compare its power with respect to that of the
spatial scan test. We used data sets from a publicly available simulated benchmark. We found that the two methods have similar
results, except for clusters located in sparsely populated regions, where the spatial scan method presented a better performance. 相似文献