中俄固体废物处理的立法比较

介绍俄罗斯生产与生活废弃物法及其特点,比较了中俄两国在对固体废物处理的立法目的、废物概念、管理体制、法律关系主体、内容等方面的异同,对完善我国固体废物法提出建议.     

Environmental regulation of exploration and mining operations in Asian countries

This paper offers a new perspective on the environmental laws in Asian nations affecting the exploration, mining, and reclamation activities of the mineral resource industry: the perspective of the senior government officials in those countries, whose job is to enforce these new environmental laws. The article presents the results of a 1998 survey of national environmental officials in Asia conducted by the Colorado School of Mines and the Metal Mining Agency of Japan. Officials in 10 diverse countries—Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Mongolia, Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam—responded to a detailed questionnaire covering applicable laws, agencies, protected areas, covered mineral activities, financial assurance, environmental impact assessment, public involvement, environmental standards, permit and reclamation requirements.
The survey confirms that Asian nations are part of the global trend towards national government regulatory structures that balance mineral development objectives with environmental considerations. The survey also shows developing regulatory systems (some embryonic, some more mature) utilizing a combination of mining and environmental acts, and often an 'insider' perspective of the national officials administering the laws. While that perspective is not without its biases (not least the rigor of enforcement), it may nevertheless be of use in company planning. The emerging regulatory picture contradicts the conventional notion that it is the 'lower' level of regulation in Asia that is attracting foreign direct investment in mining.     

论地方环境立法中的若干问题

地方环境立法是我国环境法体系的重要组成部分,分析了地方环境立法过程中暴露出的若干问题,提出相应对策,并具体论述了如何加强我国地方环境法的体系建设。     

LANDCARE AND COMMUNITY-LED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT IN VICTORIA,AUSTRALIA1

ABSTRACT: Australia's ‘Landcare’ program is a community-based participatory program established by government to tackle the problem of land degradation. Landcare involves thousands of Australians working together in locally based groups, tackling problems of common concern. Government and community are now looking to ‘scale up’ the Landcare idea to a regional level. State and territory governments have moved to create regional (often watershed-based) frameworks for land management planning and resource conservation, in accordance with the concept of integrated watershed management. Growing out of the success of community involvement in Landcare, many of these approaches involve the community. However scaling up of the Landcare idea introduces problems of both time and space. There have been a number of problems experienced in the implementation of Landcare and integrated watershed management. These problems include the equitable delineation of membership on decision-making bodies; the raising of sufficient funds for program implementation; and the coordination of a diversity of governmental layers, planning processes and management programs. This paper reviews how the State of Victoria has responded to these challenges and suggests what challenges remain.     

流域保护区域协同立法的功能定位与规范进路

《长江保护法》《黄河保护法》为长江、黄河流域的区域协同立法提供了法律依据,在流域保护区域协同立法“入法”后,需要明晰其权力空间与运行规则,提升其科学化、规范化水平。流域保护区域协同立法在本质上仍属于地方立法,是功能主义进路下解决跨行政区域流域保护难题的一种选择,是流域整体性保护的立法回应。就其功能而言,具有落实国家立法确立的流域保护整体目标的实施性功能,以地方合作为中心,解决那些通过单独地方立法难以解决的跨行政区域地方性流域保护问题的协调性、自主性、创新性功能。在此基础上,应当通过明晰其立法层级,建立地方立法规划协同机制,改、废、释的协同机制,交叉备案与后评估机制,深化公众参与机制,完善流域保护区域协同立法的运行规则。     

Linking Chemistry to Law in Environmental Forensics

The right to a healthy environment is of capital importance, which is why this matter calls for a detailed study, taking into account implications of both chemistry and law. The present study describes the current level of environmental protection, significant pieces of legislation, and five case studies regarding human rights violations. It reveals reports concerning air quality in Romania and in Europe. A large body of evidence emphasizes that permanent legislation revisions and new legal implementations place Europe on the right track, but plenty of issues remain to be solved until main pollutant emissions drop and the environmental situation becomes at least satisfactory.     

关于《中华人民共和国刑法》环境犯罪规定的思考

《刑法》修订后，在环境犯罪的立法体例、犯罪主体、定罪处罚等方面取得了很大的进步。但是《刑法》在立法模式构成、犯罪客观要件、处罚和可操作性以及与环境资源法规中的刑法规范相协调等问题上还存有诸多缺陷。因此有必要从上述几方面入手，完善环境犯罪的刑事立法。     

环境权初探

环境权是一项基本人权，具有多价值取向和丰富内涵。环境权包括公民环境权，法人及其他组织环境权，国家环境权和人类环境权等。中国环境权之现状及改进进行了研究。     

我国建筑业推行循环经济之法律探析

建筑节能节水节地节材是按照循环经济的3R原则,实现环境保护工作的“三个转变“、建设节约型社会的必然要求.但目前我国在这一领域的还处于发展初期,其立法尤为薄弱,主要存在的问题是:一、可持续发展思想和循环经济理念未得到充分体现;二、环境影响评价制度难以推动循环经济的发展;三、相关标准体系不健全,浪费水、能、地、材的法律责任不明确;四、建筑业资源再生利用制度不健全.文章阐述了循环经济的内涵,并就我国建筑业循环经济发展中的法律障碍提出了初步的完善对策.     

海洋功能区划立法探讨

海洋环境的诸多特点使得依据各涉海部门的单行法律法规难以进行有效的海洋管理,从而导致海域开发秩序混乱、局部海域用海矛盾突出及人力、财力的浪费等现象。要从根本上解决以上问题,必须对涉海法律进行整合并制定专门的综合性的海洋功能区划法律。针对目前海洋功能区划的立法缺陷,本文从符合海洋生态系统的规律和特点的角度出发,分析了立法的必要性,提出海洋功能区划立法应以生态安全和非社会秩序为价值取向,以可持续发展为指导思想,以保持海洋生态健康原则、预警原则、以海定陆原则、资源定位原则、公众参与原则为立法原则。