Chemical constituents of Prunella vulgaris

Nine compounds were isolated from the spikes of Prunella vulgaris by various kinds of chromatography. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analysis as polygalacerebroside (1), ursolic acid (2), β-amyrin (3), quercetin (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside (5), α-spinasterol (6), stigmasterol (7), β-sitosterol (8), daucosterol (9). Compound 1 was isolated from this genus for the first time. Phytochemical investigation on the spikes of P. vulgaris provided chemical constituents diversity, which were performed to facilitate further development and utilization of P. vulgaris pharmaceutical resource.     

城市河道生态修复技术研究进展

随着城市经济和社会的发展,城市河道受到了不同程度的环境污染,严重影响了城市人们的生活质量,并对城市下一步的可持续发展起到了严重的阻碍作用,近年来由于各界的普遍关注,有关城市河道生态修复技术的研究工作也取得了相应的发展.文章首先概述了城市河道的现状,并对城市河道生态修复的内涵进行了阐述,然后介绍了一些国内外有关城市河道生态修复技术研究的现状,并对城市河道生态修复技术中的物理修复、化学修复和生物修复技术进行了系统的分类阐述;在最后展望了未来城市河道生态修复技术的发展方向.     

地震活动性时间频度参数h1的异常研究

h参数只局限于预测地震序列预后强度,本文试图把它的物理含义开拓到通常的中强地震预测工作中,提出地震活动时间频度参数h1的研究。本文讨论了h1参数的物理意义和研究途径。其次,讨论了参数的异常特征,表明中强地震大都发生在h1低值后的升高阶段并有空间特征显示。最后给出了误差和讨论。     

齐齐哈尔市中心城区供热锅炉污染控制研究

分析了齐齐哈尔市中心城区供热锅炉存在的环境问题,结合国务院《大气污染防治行动计划》和即将发布的《锅炉大气污染物排放标准》,提出了供热锅炉污染控制措施。     

Molecular characterization and toxin quantification of Microcystis panniformis: A microcystin producer in Lake Taihu, China

Microcystis panniformis is a bloom forming species with flat panniform-like colonies. This species was recently found in Lake Taihu, China. To specifically characterize M. panniformis based on isolated strains, morphological examination on colonial transition and genetic examination are needed. Three M. panniformis strains isolated from a water bloom sample in Lake Taihu were characterized by molecular analysis and toxin quantification. Phylogenetic analysis based on both 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer(ITS) between 16S and 23S rRNA genes were performed and compared to facilitate easy identification of the species.Relatively high similarities(98%–99%) were shown in 16S rDNA sequences between the strains of M. panniformis and those of other Microcystis species, whereas the similarities for ITS sequences were 88%–95%. In the phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rDNA sequences, the M. panniformis and M. aeruginosa strains were intermixed together with no clear division,whereas all of the M. panniformis strains were clustered together in a single clade based on the ITS sequences based phylogenyetic tree. The mcyE gene was detected in all three strains, and microcystin was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The molecular detection and toxin production of M. panniformis strains are of great significance for the environmental risk assessment of Microcystis blooms.     

曝气网联结的新型多层结构太阳光光催化反应器

设计了一种新型的浅槽型填充床光催化反应器，实验以亚甲基蓝作为模拟污染物，采用不锈钢曝气网，实现了高效的无动力曝气，在浅槽中交错安置挡板显著地改善了反应器中的流动状态。实验表明，以玻璃弹簧为载体的光催化剂可以较好的提高传质效果。反应器能充分利用太阳光中直射和散射的紫外光，在阴天也能有效地运行。     

太湖水域叶绿素a浓度的遥感反演研究

利用太湖水域MODIS遥感数据的各波段反射率组合计算值,与实测的叶绿素a浓度进行相关性分析,找到相关性最好的反射率组合,建立反演太湖叶绿素a浓度的遥感模型.结果表明,利用MODIS数据可以较好地实现对太湖水域叶绿素a浓度的定量反演计算,并以MODIS数据第3、第17波段的反射率组合作为遥感指数建立了反演叶绿素a浓度的模型.第3、第17波段的波长范围分别为459nm～479nm、890nm～920nm,这一波段选择与以往使用TM数据得到的结论有所不同.     

好氧活性污泥中的产甲烷菌

通过最可能数(MPN)计数试验,发现在四种好氧活性污泥中存在产甲烷菌,数量在10~3—10~9/gVSS,其中有利用H_2/CO_2的氢营养型产甲烷菌和既能利用乙酸盐、又能利用H_2/CO_2的混合营养型产甲烷菌,可能还有利用乙酸盐的乙酸盐营养型产甲烷菌。活性污泥中存在产甲烷菌可能与污泥絮体内存在厌氧核心和某些产甲烷菌的耐氧性有关。     

云南潞西上芒岗红色粘土型金矿地质特征

潞西上芒岗红色粘土型金矿赋存于下二叠统岩溶面之上的第三、第四系红色粘土层中 ,矿体形态受地形控制明显 ,呈似层状。品位较高 ,规模中等 ,适合于露天开采。矿体的红土化作用不彻底 ,去硅富铁铝能力低 ,常见高岭石与伊利石共生。矿石中石英、褐铁矿、粘土矿物为主要载金矿物。成矿物质来自燕山中晚期形成的中侏罗勐嘎组中段与二叠系的沙子坡组的断层接触破碎带内的卡林型金矿。在湿热条件下 ,金发生活化、迁移、富集 ,在潜水面附近成矿。     

UASB反应器处理含蛋白质废水颗粒污泥形成的研究

以含蛋白质废水为基质,UASB反应器内培养颗粒污泥的试验结果表明,控制反应器出水 pH在7.2—7.5之间,出水丙酸浓度不超过300mg/L条件下,污泥负荷大于0.67kg COD/kgVSS·d时反应器内形成了颗粒污泥.MPN法计数发酵性细菌、丙酸分解菌、丁酸分解菌、乙酸裂解产甲烷菌和甲酸/H_2+CO_2,产甲烷菌的数量,只有当各类群细菌数量达到一定水平并且有合适的比例时才能形成颗粒污泥,颗粒污泥成熟后其组成相对稳定.颗粒污泥同接种污泥相比,其最大比产甲烷活性提高较大,是细菌数量增加的缘故。