全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1754篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
国内免费 | 63篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 76篇 |
废物处理 | 186篇 |
环保管理 | 205篇 |
综合类 | 175篇 |
基础理论 | 298篇 |
环境理论 | 2篇 |
污染及防治 | 651篇 |
评价与监测 | 163篇 |
社会与环境 | 63篇 |
灾害及防治 | 11篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 10篇 |
2023年 | 27篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 43篇 |
2020年 | 19篇 |
2019年 | 37篇 |
2018年 | 44篇 |
2017年 | 57篇 |
2016年 | 83篇 |
2015年 | 46篇 |
2014年 | 75篇 |
2013年 | 141篇 |
2012年 | 106篇 |
2011年 | 120篇 |
2010年 | 97篇 |
2009年 | 111篇 |
2008年 | 122篇 |
2007年 | 109篇 |
2006年 | 100篇 |
2005年 | 87篇 |
2004年 | 86篇 |
2003年 | 57篇 |
2002年 | 62篇 |
2001年 | 47篇 |
2000年 | 21篇 |
1999年 | 12篇 |
1998年 | 9篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 7篇 |
1995年 | 6篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1830条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Oh CJ Lee SO Yang HS Ha TJ Kim MJ 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2003,53(7):897-902
This study was carried out to recover valuable metals from the printed circuit boards (PCBs) of waste computers. PCB samples were crushed to smaller than 1 mm by a shredder and initially separated into 30% conducting and 70% nonconducting materials by an electrostatic separator. The conducting materials, which contained the valuable metals, were then used as the feed material for magnetic separation, where it was found that 42% of the conducting materials were magnetic and 58% were nonmagnetic. Leaching of the nonmagnetic component using 2 M H2SO4 and 0.2 M H2O2 at 85 degrees C for 12 hr resulted in greater than 95% extraction of Cu, Fe, Zn, Ni, and Al. Au and Ag were extracted at 40 degrees C with a leaching solution of 0.2 M (NH4)2S2O3, 0.02 M CuSO4, and 0.4 M NH4OH, which resulted in recovery of more than 95% of the Au within 48 hr and 100% of the Ag within 24 hr. The residues were next reacted with a 2 M NaCl solution to leach out Pb, which took place within 2 hr at room temperature. 相似文献
2.
A survey was conducted in South Korea to determine residual levels and dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) from meat. Altogether 119 domestic and 164 imported samples of beef, pork, and chicken were examined. The mean levels of PCDD/Fs in upper bound were 0.21, 0.22, and 0.04pg WHO-TEQ/g fat for beef, pork, and chicken, respectively. The low level of PCDD/Fs in chicken probably resulted from the low fat content in the samples used. The samples were separated into domestic and imported products in order to investigate the sources of contamination. PCDFs were the more dominant congeners in domestic beef and were similar to those found from emission of incineration. However, the congener profiles of domestic beef and incineration were difficult to compare because the environmental fate and animal metabolism were involved. The upper bound dietary intake of PCDD/Fs from beef, pork and chicken was calculated to be 0.04pg/WHO-TEQ/kgbw/day. The combined consumption of beef, pork, and chicken was found to be 84.8g per day for a person weighing 60kg and represented 5.7% of their total daily food intake. 相似文献
3.
A phosphorus crystallization process for recovering phosphates was developed using a completely mixed reactor and powdered converter slag as a seed crystal. This completely mixed phosphorus crystallization process achieved a stable and high phosphorus recovery: the average PO4-P removal efficiency during 200 d of operation was 87%, with a range of 70-98%. The apparent volume of the slag doubled due to crystal growth during the long-term phosphorus-removal experiments. The Ca2+ concentration, slag dosage, and temperature were found to govern the phosphorus recovery system for a given condition of pH and hydraulic retention time. The equations for the rate constant and reaction order were obtained by evaluating the model parameters. The model developed in this study was observed to successfully simulate the behavior of effluent PO4-P in a completely mixed phosphorus crystallization reactor over a wide variety of operating conditions of temperature, Ca2+ concentration, and influent PO4-P. Model investigations of design factors suggest that the completely mixed phosphorus crystallization process with influent PO4-P concentrations of less than 10 mg l(-1) could ensure effluent PO4-P concentrations of less than 0.5 and 1.0 mg l(-1) during summer and winter in Korea, respectively. 相似文献
4.
Natural and anthropogenic influences on heavy metals in airborne particles over the Korean Peninsula
Young Sung Ghim Yongjoo Choi Young-Soo Chang Jeongsoo Kim 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(18):10713-10724
Six monitoring stations were selected to characterize the variations in airborne concentrations of heavy metals in South Korea between 1999 and 2012. Three stations represented higher concentrations, and three represented lower concentrations. The heavy metals monitored at these stations include cadmium, chromium, copper, iron (Fe), lead, manganese (Mn), and nickel. During the study period, concentrations of heavy metals at many stations, including those around the Seoul metropolitan area, showed a decreasing trend. However, concentrations of Mn and Fe that are primarily of crustal origin increased at four of the six stations. Some stations were significantly affected by emissions from the local industrial complex (IC), and heavy metal concentrations at those stations were relatively high even in summer. Many heavy metal concentrations were higher in spring than in winter, but wintertime concentrations of Cr and Pb were higher at the stations representing lower concentrations due to the dominant influence of combustion emissions. At stations less affected by emissions from the IC, concentrations of Fe and Mn that are predominantly crustal in origin were higher in spring, when Asian dust (AD) events are most frequent. Although Mn concentrations were also high at stations within the steelmaking IC during AD periods, they were much higher during non-AD periods due to local emissions. Variations in heavy metal concentrations, which are heavily influenced by emissions from the IC, warrant individual analysis because their emission characteristics differ from those of typical cases. 相似文献
5.
Single and ternary solute gas phase adsorption isotherms were conducted in this study to evaluate the effectiveness of a simple constant volume method, which was utilized by using Tedlar gas sampling bags as a constant volume batch reactor. For this purpose, gas phase adsorption of toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) on two types of activated carbons, BPL-bituminous base and OVC--coconut base, were investigated. For the single solute adsorption, the experimental adsorption data were found to be well correlated with Freundlich and Myers adsorption equations. The pore size distribution of adsorbents was found to affect their adsorption capacities; its effect was dependant on the solute concentration. The ternary adsorption experimental isotherms were accurately predicted by using the well-known model, i.e., ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST). 相似文献
6.
A mathematical model for the transport of hydrophobic organic contaminants in an aquifer under simplistic riverbank filtration conditions is developed. The model considers a situation where contaminants are present together with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and bacteria. The aquifer is conceptualized as a four-phase system: two mobile colloidal phases, an aqueous phase, and a stationary solid phase. An equilibrium approach is used to describe the interactions of contaminants with DOM, bacteria, and solid matrix. The model is composed of bacterial transport equation and contaminant transport equation. Numerical simulations are performed to examine the contaminant transport behavior in the presence of DOM and bacteria. The simulation results illustrate that contaminant transport is enhanced markedly in the presence of DOM and bacteria, and the impact of DOM on contaminant mobility is greater than that of bacteria under examined conditions. Sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the model is sensitive to changes of three lumped parameters: K+1 (total affinity of stationary solid phase to contaminants), K+2 (total affinity of DOM to contaminants), and K+3 (total affinity of bacteria to contaminants). In a situation where contaminants exist simultaneously with DOM and bacteria, contaminant transport is mainly affected by a ratio of K+1/K+2/K+3, which can vary with changes of equilibrium distribution coefficient of contaminants and/or colloidal concentrations. In riverbank filtration, the influence of DOM and bacteria on the transport behavior of contaminants should be accounted to accurately predict the contaminant mobility. 相似文献
7.
Leaching characteristics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from spiked sandy soil 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
In order to evaluate the factors affecting leachability of hydrophobic organic pollutants (HOPs), we performed leaching tests under a variety of conditions using sandy soil contaminated with phenanthrene and pyrene. The results obtained were: (1) the shaking time, temperature, and dissolved humic matter (DHM, as coexisting matter) increased leachability; (2) ionic strength reduced leachability; and (3) the liquid-to-solid ratio and pH level had no effect on leaching concentration of HOPs. In DHM-added leaching tests assuming equilibrium with HOPs, DHM, and solid matrix, the partitioning (binding) coefficient of HOPs to DHM was accurately calculated with the equations proposed in this study. While we recommend taking into consideration the coexistence of DHM, it is difficult to use universally because its properties differ according to origin and extracting method. It is therefore reasonable to use an alternative reagent having an effect similar to that of DHM. 相似文献
8.
Hyo Jin Lee Chang Joon Kim Gi Hoon Hong Sang Hee Hong Won Joon Shim Gi Beum Kim 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(12):7480-7488
Industrial, domestic wastewater, and livestock sludge samples were collected from 23 wastewater treatment plants in Korea and analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The concentrations of Σ19PBDE ranged from 4.01 to 10,400 ng/g dry weight. The average Σ19PBDE concentrations in industrial, domestic wastewater, and livestock sludge were 1,560?±?3,610, 402?±?148, and 27.6?±?50.4 ng/g dry weight, respectively. The composition of PBDEs differed according to the type of sludge. Among the PBDE congeners, BDE 209 was dominant in all sludge samples. After BDE 209, relatively high levels were found for BDE 28 and 47 from industrial sludge, BDE 47 and 99 from domestic wastewater sludge, and BDE 206, 207, and 208 from livestock sludge. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, sludges were divided into three groups according to PBDE congener composition. A risk assessment of PBDEs in sludge used for soil amendment was carried out. Preliminary results indicated that the potential risk of soil exposed to PBDEs in sludge was relatively low. 相似文献
9.
Iny Jhun Jina Kim Bennet Cho Diane R. Gold Joel Schwartz Brent A. Coull 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2019,69(8):900-917
The association between particulate pollution and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is well established. While the cardiovascular effects of nationally regulated criteria pollutants (e.g., fine particulate matter [PM2.5] and nitrogen dioxide) have been well documented, there are fewer studies on particulate pollutants that are more specific for traffic, such as black carbon (BC) and particle number (PN). In this paper, we synthesized studies conducted in the Greater Boston Area on cardiovascular health effects of traffic exposure, specifically defined by BC or PN exposure or proximity to major roadways. Large cohort studies demonstrate that exposure to traffic-related particles adversely affect cardiac autonomic function, increase systemic cytokine-mediated inflammation and pro-thrombotic activity, and elevate the risk of hypertension and ischemic stroke. Key patterns emerged when directly comparing studies with overlapping exposure metrics and population cohorts. Most notably, cardiovascular risk estimates of PN and BC exposures were larger in magnitude or more often statistically significant compared to those of PM2.5 exposures. Across multiple exposure metrics (e.g., short-term vs. long-term; observed vs. modeled) and different population cohorts (e.g., elderly, individuals with co-morbidities, young healthy individuals), there is compelling evidence that BC and PN represent traffic-related particles that are especially harmful to cardiovascular health. Further research is needed to validate these findings in other geographic locations, characterize exposure errors associated with using monitored and modeled traffic pollutant levels, and elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular effects of traffic-related particulate pollutants.
Implications: Traffic emissions are an important source of particles harmful to cardiovascular health. Traffic-related particles, specifically BC and PN, adversely affect cardiac autonomic function, increase systemic inflammation and thrombotic activity, elevate BP, and increase the risk of ischemic stroke. There is evidence that BC and PN are associated with greater cardiovascular risk compared to PM2.5. Further research is needed to elucidate other health effects of traffic-related particles and assess the feasibility of regulating BC and PN or their regional and local sources. 相似文献
10.
Penradee ChanpiwatSuthipong Sthiannopkao Kyung Hwa ChoKyoung-Woong Kim Vibol SanBoukeo Suvanthong Chantha Vongthavady 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(2):567-576
Arsenic and other trace element concentrations were determined for tube-well water collected in the Lao PDR provinces of Attapeu, Bolikhamxai, Champasak, Savannakhet, Saravane, and Vientiane. Water samples, especially from floodplain areas of central and southern Laos, were significantly contaminated not only with As, but with B, Ba, Mn, U, and Fe as well. Total As concentrations ranged from <0.5 μg L−1 to 278 μg L−1, with over half exceeding the WHO guideline of 10 μg L−1. 46% of samples, notably, were dominated by As(III). Samples from Vientiane, further north, were all acceptable except on pH, which was below drinking water limits. A principal component analysis found associations between general water characteristics, As, and other trace elements. Causes of elevated As concentrations in Lao tube wells were considered similar to those in other Mekong River countries, particularly Cambodia and Vietnam, where young alluvial aquifers give rise to reducing conditions. 相似文献