环境检测机构人员培训工作探讨

环境检测人员培训在整个生态文明建设中发挥着至关重要的作用,本文从培训计划、培训内容、培训方式、有效评价和记录归档五个方面探讨了环境检测机构人员培训工作流程,以确保机构行之有效地开展人员培训。     

OSHA职业伤害与疾病记录和报告机制简介

介绍了OSHA《记录和报告职业伤害与疾病》法规的主要内容,分析了中国引入该法规的益处。     

马来西亚海域安达曼海多环芳烃的百年沉积记录

采用GC/MS分析研究了马来西亚海域安达曼海兰卡威岛邻近海域沉积物柱样(WC02)中多环芳烃(PAHs)组成与含量的垂直分布特征,结合210Pb定年,重现了该海域近百年来PAHs的沉积历史(1898~2004年).研究表明,PAHs在整个沉积剖面(0~56 cm)的含量介于13.2~60.1 ng.g-1之间(平均值28.4 ng.g-1),所分析的PAHs中以菲、萘、等化合物为主,与当地周边海域相比污染程度较轻.在20世纪20年代以前,沉积物中多环芳烃含量较低,基本代表当地环境的本底值,即多环芳烃主要来源于天然物质的输入;20年代以后PAHs的总量有所上升,并在20世纪60年代和80年代出现了2个峰值,表明这段时间内多环芳烃的陆源输入特征比较明显,也反映了人类活动在20世纪20年代后开始对该海域产生一定的影响.采用母体、高低环PAH比值对沉积物柱样中PAHs的来源进行分析,表明该海域沉积物受到燃料不完全燃烧产物污染为主、并伴有石油类污染,这与马来西亚西海域周边地区的人类活动(工农业生产、进出口、海上活动等)密切相关,同时也受到马六甲海峡繁忙的海上交通运输影响.对沉积物柱样污染历史进行分析,表明PAHs含量的...     

用ScS波震相测定远震震源深度的研究

本文介绍了ScS波的传播路径及走时曲线,选用图象说明ScS波震相的运动学和动力学的主要特征.并利用ScS波震相测定沈阳地震台单台记录的八个远震震源深度,通过对ScS波、pP波和sP波在远震地震图中进行比较分析,结果表明:所得到震源深度误差都在±30Km范围内,达到所要求的精度范围,提高了单台测定震相精度,因此用ScS波震相测定远震深度是一种测定震源深度行之有效的辅助方法.     

Sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Lake Erhai, Southwest China

The temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated in a sediment core from Lake Erhal in Southwest China using gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) method.The total organic carbon (TOC) normalized total PAHs concentrations (sum of US Environmental Protection Agency proposed 16 priority PAHs) ranged from 31.9 to 269 μg/g dry weight (dw),and were characterized by a slowly increasing stage in the deeper sediments and a sharp increasing stage in the upper sediments.The PAHs in the sediments were dominated by low molecular weight (LMW) PAHs,suggesting that the primary source of PAHs was low- and moderate temperature combustion processes.However,both the significant increase in high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs in the upper sediments and the vertical profile of diagnostic ratios pointed out a change in the sources of PAHs from low-temperature combustion to high-temperature combustion.The ecotoxicological assessment based on consensus-based sediment quality guidelines implied that potential adverse biological impacts were possible for benzo(ghi)perylenelene and most LMW PAHs.In addition,the total BaP equivalent quotient of seven carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (BaA,CHr,BbF,BkF,BaP,DBA and INP) was 106.1 ng/g,according to the toxic equivalency factors.Although there was no great biological impact associated with the HMW PAlls,great attention should be paid to these PAH components based on their rapid increase in the upper sediments.     

不能忘却的"纪念"

2002年2月,我从学校毕业到河南油田精蜡厂新联合车间学分馏不久,还没能单独顶岗,星期天上午大约11时左右,厂部化验室通知取一个油浆样做馏程分析.当时主操作员在操作台前写记录,因为生产有些波动,所以他让我在油浆泵出口放空取样.     

钻井现场生产安全事故统计与分析

本文通过对某钻井公司2005年至2012年发生的可记录事件进行分类统计,分析了该公司亡人事故发生的周期性规律。从事件工况、事件时间段、事件类型、伤者受伤部位、伤者信息等方面分别简述该公司可记录事件发生的特点。对如何加强事故管理提出了5个方面建议,为钻井行业查补安全生产管理漏洞、强化安全监管提供了可参考依据。     

Critical velocity in phosphorus exchange processes across the sediment-water interface

Sediments are ultimate sinks of nutrients in lakes that record the pollution history evolutionary processes, and anthropogenic activities of a lake. However, sediments are considered as inner sources of environmental factor changes such as the variation in hydrodynamic conditions because of the nutrients they release. How does this process happen？ This study investigates a typical nutrient phosphorus （P） exchange among sediment, suspended particle matter （SPM）, and water. Compared with numerical and experimental studies, this study confirms that the critical velocity that occurs at a lower flow rate state exists in the range of 7 to 15 crn/sec. Critical velocity below the critical flow rate promotes the migration of particulate phosphorus （PP） to the SPM. On the other hand, critical velocity above the critical flow rate promotes the release of PP in water.     

欢迎订阅2014年《环境科学》

《环境科学》创刊于1976年,由中国科学院主管,中国科学院生态环境研究中心主办,是我国环境科学学科中最早创刊的学术性期刊.《环境科学》自创刊以来,始终坚持"防治污染,改善生态,促进发展,造福人民"的宗旨,报道我国环境科     

徐仁修

<正>徐仁修,1946年生于台湾新竹,在芎林乡下度过与大自然亲密相处的童年生活。如果从网络上搜索徐仁修,你会发现他的经历是一部传奇。作为探险家,他曾探访过菲律宾的热带雨林、尼加拉瓜的大河蛮荒、金三角的罂粟边城,在世界各地的丛林、荒地,见过树干般粗的巨蟒、凶猛可怕的美洲虎、多如骤雨的蚂蟥、参入云天的古木以及令人畏惧的食人部落,也经历了痢疾感染、游击队突袭、海盗窝里对峙等惊险遭遇……他的每一段经历都有一个奇妙有趣的探险故事。作为摄影师,他走遍世界,拍下了几十万张照片,家里有专门存