Observation of black carbon aerosol in Beijing,2003

The objective of this study was to determine the black carbon concentration in Beijing in 2003. The aerosol properties were measured using an Aethalometer and a tapered element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) on the roof of the Physics Building of Peking University (39.99° N, 116.31° E) from July to August 2003 and from November 2003 to January 2004. The average black carbon (BC) concentrations in the summer and winter were 8.80 and 11.4 μg/m³, respectively. During winter, two different cyclone cut offs were installed at the inlet of an aethalometer. The BC mass concentration in TSP, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5 were obtained. The results indicated that in winter aerosol, 90% of BC exited in PM₁₀ and 82.6% of BC exited in PM_2.5. The BC in PM₁₀ accounted for 5.11% of the PM₁₀ mass. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(1): 17–22 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

利用黑碳仪获取北京市冬季气溶胶吸光系数的方法研究

黑碳仪是最常用的气溶胶吸光碳测试仪器,但其测得的吸光性能受到滤膜多重散射效应、颗粒物散射效应、颗粒物遮蔽效应的影响,只能算是b_ATN（光衰减系数）,而不是b_in-situ（原位吸光系数）.虽然已有学者提出几种将b_ATN转换为b_cor（校正后吸光系数）的算法,但多是基于实验室模拟或高海拔地区气溶胶而开展的,与我国城市的气溶胶在理化性质方面有明显差别.为探索我国城市气溶胶将b_ATN转换为b_cor的问题,于2016—2017年冬季在北京市城区使用黑碳仪及光声消光仪分别测量b_ATN和b_in-situ,在分析多种算法的基础上,提出了面向城市气溶胶的校正方法.结果显示:在我国北方城市（以北京市为例）,适应城市气溶胶的f值（遮蔽因子,为计算遮蔽校正系数的一个参数）为1.13,C（综合散射效应系数）为5.44;使用这些校正系数,将观测点由黑碳仪获取的b_ATN转换为b_cor.与光声消光仪测定的b_in-situ对比发现,无论是滤膜样点周期内还是长期观测时间内,b_cor与b_in-situ均呈一致性,其中,长期观测时间内二者的相关性表达为y=0.954x+0.829（r2为0.996）,证明了校正方法的有效性和可信性.研究显示,b_cor与b_in-situ整体相关性较高,并且获得了本地化的校正因子,实现了仅通过黑碳仪获取准确颗粒物吸光系数的目的.      

Black carbon aerosol and carbon monoxide in European regionally polluted air masses at Mace Head, Ireland during 1995–1998

Continuous measurements of black carbon aerosol (BCA) at the Mace Head Atmospheric Research Station on the Atlantic Ocean coast of Ireland show the occurrence of dramatically elevated concentrations when regionally polluted air masses are advected to the station. These occurrences correlate well with similar elevations in carbon monoxide and a wide range of other trace gases monitored near-simultaneously with the BCA. Using daily sector allocation and a sophisticated Lagrangian dispersion model, two independent estimates of the European emission source strength of BCA that are required to explain the Mace Head observations have been made. The best estimates of the UK and European emission source strengths of BCA are 46±14 and [(482–511)±140]×10³ tonnes yr⁻¹, respectively, and these estimates compare favourably with published inventories, at least to within ±25%, though they are considerably smaller than the emissions employed in some early global climate model studies.