首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   87篇
  免费   35篇
  国内免费   26篇
安全科学   1篇
废物处理   2篇
环保管理   3篇
综合类   73篇
基础理论   19篇
污染及防治   29篇
评价与监测   20篇
社会与环境   1篇
  2024年   1篇
  2022年   4篇
  2021年   2篇
  2020年   3篇
  2019年   3篇
  2018年   1篇
  2017年   2篇
  2016年   3篇
  2015年   9篇
  2014年   11篇
  2013年   9篇
  2012年   16篇
  2011年   15篇
  2010年   7篇
  2009年   12篇
  2008年   9篇
  2007年   6篇
  2006年   9篇
  2005年   6篇
  2004年   4篇
  2003年   6篇
  2002年   4篇
  2001年   3篇
  2000年   1篇
  1999年   1篇
  1998年   1篇
排序方式: 共有148条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
采用GC-MS测定了典型综合印染废水处理厂废水和污泥中芳香烃化合物的含量.结果表明,原水中苯系物总量为203.96±15.18μg·L-1,其中二甲苯占62.7%,尾水中苯系物总量为0.2±0.029μg·L-1,整个处理工艺对苯系物的去除效率为99%.原水中多环芳烃(PAHs)总浓度达1349.51±35.77 ng·L-1,以3—6环为主,主要富集在颗粒物上.整个工艺对PAHs的去除效率为95%,尾水中PAHs总浓度为65.81±20.99ng·L-1,以2—3环为主.干污泥中PAHs含量高达2996.10±151.0 ng·g-1,污泥吸附为水相中PAHs去除的主要机理之一.印染污泥直接填埋或农用会引起潜在的生态危害.  相似文献   
2.
Two industrial sites were investigated based on years of available hydrogeologic information and monitoring data for soil and groundwater. Collected data were forensically evaluated using age-dating and fingerprinting methods. The previous business uses of the project sites were as a gas station, laundry/dry-cleaning service, and car wash with petroleum underground storage tanks (USTs). As a result, these sites were exposed to a number of toxic contaminants at relatively high concentrations. Source control was necessary for successful remediation and the ultimate removal of the remaining compounds from these industrial sites. Although contaminated soil around the source was excavated during the remedial action and the high concentrations of contaminants were reduced, typical groundwater contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons as gasoline (TPH-G), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), and oxygenates including methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), diisopropyl ether (DIPE), ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), tert-amyl methyl ether (TAME), and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) were persistently found at the studied sites around the source points. The plume and concentration of contaminants had changed their shapes and strength for all monitoring periods. Thus, additional source control seems to be a requirement for the complete removal of source contamination, which must be ascertained with groundwater and soil monitoring on a regular time base. For the study sites, monitored natural attenuation was relatively feasible for the long-term plan; however, it did not offer a perfect remediation solution for an ultimate goal because of residual toxic compounds that might have affected the surrounding residential areas at higher concentrations than their health limits. Therefore, as a remediation strategy, the combination of clean-up technology and natural attenuation with monitoring activities are more highly recommended than either clean-up or natural attenuation used separately.  相似文献   
3.
根据GB/T 15000.3—2008设计了苯系物标准气体的时间稳定性研究方案,制备了4瓶苯系物标准气体,随着时间的推移进行测定并将结果制图,结果显示量值随时间没有显著的变化趋势。以线性关系为模型,计算线性直线的斜率和斜率的标准偏差,用t检验判断斜率是否显著来评价标准气体的稳定性。计算结果显示,所有斜率均不显著,因此该研究制备的苯系物标准气体能够稳定保存22个月。根据时间稳定性数据计算由不稳定性引起的不确定度,并讨论了这种计算不稳定性引起不确定度的方法对结果有放大的可能性。  相似文献   
4.
With regard to automotive traffic, a tunnel-type semi enclosed atmosphere is characterized by a higher concentration of gaseous pollutants than on urban traffic roads and highlights the gaseous effluent species having an impact on material degradation. Therefore, a transverse approach between air quality and its consequences upon the longevity of materials is necessary, implying better knowledge of tunnel atmosphere and a better understanding of material degradation inside a tunnel for operating administration. Gaseous pollutant measurements carried out in a road tunnel in Rouen (Normandy) give the real world traffic concentrations of experimental exposure conditions. The sampling campaigns, achieved in summer and winter include SO2, NO2, BTEX and aldehyde analyses. Effluent profiles in the upward and downward tubes have been established. The current work shows that SO2, NO2, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal and butanal must be considered in the degradation process of materials in a stuffy environment. As regards NO2, its concentration depends on the modification of the automotive fleet. The total aldehyde concentrations indicate no particular trend between the two bores. Formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, butanal and acrolein species are the most abundant species emitted by vehicles and represent 90% to 95% of the total aldehyde emissions.  相似文献   
5.
生物活性炭去除水中挥发性苯系物的基础研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
张巍  丁伟杰  应维琪 《中国环境科学》2011,31(12):1965-1971
采用连续流生物活性炭(BAC)工艺处理水中挥发性苯系物(BTEX,包括苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯),评价进水负荷、活性炭炭型等因素对于BAC处理性能的影响.研究表明,在40d的处理时间内,除苯之外,其余BTEX的BAC出水中均未检出苯系物(进水为6mg/L).为了检验BAC在高BTEX负荷情况时的处理效果,将进水浓度设定为19~32mg/L左右,在EBCT为1.2min条件下同样只有苯的出水浓度上升至10mg/L(C/Cin为0.45),然后略有下降,最终保持在5~10mg/L(C/Cin为0.3以下),其余苯系物出水浓度均一直保持小于5mg/L.这表明BAC可以有效地处理高负荷BTEX(8.68~12.9kgTOC/(m3·d))的进水.生物活性炭对于活性炭吸附容量的恢复有比较明显的作用,煤质炭和椰壳炭的生物再生效率分别为53.6%和26.6%,煤质炭再生效率高的原因可能是其具备更多的大型中孔和大孔.  相似文献   
6.
利用小型烟雾箱对6种市售蚊香和5种佛香燃烧过程进行采样研究,定量分析释放的5种苯系物(苯、甲苯、乙苯、对/间二甲苯、邻二甲苯),利用单室质量平衡模型分别计算排放系数.结果表明,蚊香和佛香的不同品牌之间苯系物的排放系数相差较大,蚊香中5种苯系物的平均排放因子分别是77,101,94,250,94μg/g,佛香中5种苯系物的平均排放因子依次是732,598,2084,2349,221μg/g.蚊香与佛香燃烧释放物中含量最高的苯系物均是间/对二甲苯,分别占总含量的41%、39%.取测得的最大排放速率,采用室内空气质量模型模拟一般条件下蚊香和佛香燃烧释放苯系物对室内空气的影响,分析结果显示,燃烧蚊香造成室内苯、甲苯和乙苯的最大模拟浓度分别是31,45,86μg/m3,燃烧佛香造成室内苯、甲苯和乙苯的最大模拟浓度为65,66,187μg/m3.  相似文献   
7.
At a former wood preservation plant severely contaminated with coal tar oil, in situ bulk attenuation and biodegradation rate constants for several monoaromatic (BTEX) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were determined using (1) classical first order decay models, (2) Michaelis–Menten degradation kinetics (MM), and (3) stable carbon isotopes, for o-xylene and naphthalene. The first order bulk attenuation rate constant for o-xylene was calculated to be 0.0025 d− 1 and a novel stable isotope-based first order model, which also accounted for the respective redox conditions, resulted in a slightly smaller biodegradation rate constant of 0.0019 d− 1. Based on MM-kinetics, the o-xylene concentration decreased with a maximum rate of kmax = 0.1 µg/L/d. The bulk attenuation rate constant of naphthalene retrieved from the classical first order decay model was 0.0038 d− 1. The stable isotope-based biodegradation rate constant of 0.0027 d− 1 was smaller in the reduced zone, while residual naphthalene in the oxic part of the plume further downgradient was degraded at a higher rate of 0.0038 d− 1. With MM-kinetics a maximum degradation rate of kmax = 12 µg/L/d was determined. Although best fits were obtained by MM-kinetics, we consider the carbon stable isotope-based approach more appropriate as it is specific for biodegradation (not overall attenuation) and at the same time accounts for the dominant electron-accepting process. For o-xylene a field based isotope enrichment factor εfield of − 1.4 could be determined using the Rayleigh model, which closely matched values from laboratory studies of o-xylene degradation under sulfate-reducing conditions.  相似文献   
8.
为研究污水处理过程中曝气对苯系物中苯、甲苯和二甲苯以及氯代烃中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯去除的影响,设计了2个反应器,模拟污水处理过程,一个为活性污泥反应器,另一个为没有活性污泥的对照反应器.结果表明,在液相中,30.6%的TOC未经微生物降解而直接因曝气逸散到气相.苯系物的逸散比例达到了100%;三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯的逸散比例分别为27.5%、39.0%、42.4%和38.5%.同时利用密闭水箱研究了生物处理单元中苯系物和氯代烃三相分布规律.在厌氧阶段,固相中苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯和四氯乙烯占总量比例分别为38.7%、43.6%、38.0%、28.8%、24.3%、15.3%和20.5%.在曝气阶段,苯系物全部被去除,氯代烃总量略有下降.二沉池阶段,固相中三氯甲烷、四氯化碳、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯占总质量的比例分别为5.2%、20.1%、6.8%和0%.  相似文献   
9.
As a remedial option, the natural attenuation capacity of a petroleum contaminated groundwater at a military facility was examined. Hydrogeological conditions, such as high water level, permeable uppermost layer and frequent heavy rainfall, were favorable to natural attenuation at this site. The changes in the concentrations of electron acceptors and donors, as well as the relevant hydrochemical conditions, indicated the occurrence of aerobic respiration, denitrification, iron reduction, manganese reduction and sulfate reduction. The calculated BTEX expressed biodegradation capacity ranged between 20.52 and 33.67 mg/L, which appeared effective for the reduction of the contaminants levels. The contribution of each electron accepting process to the total biodegradation was in the order: denitrification > iron reduction > sulfate reduction > aerobic respiration > manganese reduction. The BTEX and benzene point attenuation rates were 0.0058-0.0064 and 0.0005-0.0032 day-1, respectively, and the remediation time was 0.7-1.2 and 2.5-30 years, respectively. The BTEX and benzene bulk attenuation rates were 8.69 × 10-4 and 1.05 × 10-3 day-1, respectively, and the remediation times for BTEX and benzene were 7.2 and 17.5 years, respectively. However, most of the natural attenuation occurring in this site can be attributed to dilution and dispersion. Consequently, the biodegradation and natural attenuation capacities were good enough to lower the contaminants levels, but their rates appeared to be insufficient to reach the remediation goal within a reasonable time frame. Therefore, some active remedial measures would be required.  相似文献   
10.
BTEX pollution caused by motorcycles in the megacity of HoChiMinh   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Monitoring of benzene, toluene and xylenes (BTEX) was conducted along with traffic counts at 17 roadside sites in urban areas of HoChiMinh. Toluene was the most abundant substance, followed by p,m-xylenes, benzene, o-xylene and ethylbenzene. The maximum observed hour-average benzene concentration was 254 μg/m3 . Motorcycles contributed to 91% of the traffic fleet. High correlations among BTEX species, between BTEX concentrations and the volume of on-road motorcycles, and between inter-species ratios in air and in gasoline indicate the motorcycle-exhaust origin of BTEX species. Daily concentrations of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, p,m-xylenes and o-xylene were 56, 121, 21, 64 and 23 μg/m 3 , respectively. p,m-xylenes possess the highest ozone formation potential among the BTEX family.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号