基于CBR和RBR的环境污染事故应急辅助决策专家系统

随着我国经济的高速发展,环境事故呈现多发态势,给人民的生命和财产安全带来了一定的隐患,辅助决策专家系统为用户提供一种使用简便、结果可靠的环境应急决策手段,可以提高环境事故应急处置的成功率。目前辅助决策专家系统多基于CBR或RBR推理模式,介绍了两种推理模式的优缺点,研究了如何将二者联合使用构建环境污染事故应急辅助决策专家系统。利用CBR推理模式得到与用户输入条件相近的案例,用户可参考案例中应急处置部分内容指导应急处置,同时利用RBR推理模式得到与用户输入条件相近的化学品MSDS信息以及相应的应急处理步骤以供用户参考,上述三部分内容共同构成了环境污染事故应急指南以供用户参考,提高环境污染事故的应急处理成功率。     

粉土用作路堤填料的试验研究

通过对安徽地区粉土的室内改良试验,从试验的角度对不同的掺灰剂(水泥、石灰)及不同配合比改良后粉土的性质进行分析。研究改良后粉土CBR(承载比)值及无侧限抗压强度与龄期及配合比的关系,并根据室内试验的结果,提供经济合理的方案;通过对改良后粉土CBR值和无侧限抗压强度的比较,认为两者对于判断材料强度具有相关性,由试验结果拟合得到两者的关系。     

基于Visual Basic.NET的油气事故应急资源需求预测支持决策系统

针对油气事故后应急资源需求预测困难的问题,在对油气事故特性及应急资源需求类型分析的基础上,构建了基于案例推理(CBR)的油气事故应急资源需求预测模型,并使用Visual Basic.NET及SQL Server数据库开发了油气事故应急资源需求预测支持决策系统。将该系统应用于实际油气事故案例进行验证,结果表明系统中应急资源需求预测模型科学可靠,系统对油气事故应急资源需求预测结果与其实际用量基本吻合。该系统可为油气事故后快速有效开展应急救援活动提供相应的理论依据。     

基于范例推理的灾害性地震应急物资需求预测研究

基于范例推理(CBR)理论,利用最近相邻法和粗糙集理论搜索相似度最高的主震历史范例,分析各主要物资需求量的影响因素,预测当前范例主震期应急物资需求量。通过序贯决策,采用马尔科夫预测模型预测余震类型,进而搜索余震历史范例,预测余震期应急物资需求量。以"玉树"地震为例,运用该方法估算地震发生后食物类、生活用品类、药品类、工程机械类的需求量。     

基于案例推理的大型养路机械故障诊断系统

为实现铁路大型养路机械(简称"大机")故障的智能检索和诊断,使用基于案例推理(CBR)的思路分析和设计用以实现这些目的的系统。阐述案例的表示和构建方法。提出捣固车的故障案例模型构建方法。设计捣固车故障诊断的CBR系统。给出带权值的k-近邻法的案例相似性检索方法。提出大机故障诊断智能决策系统,采用定性和定量检索相结合的方法。故障诊断系统能够进行案例的定性、定量和混合检索。用捣固车的具体故障案例,验证所设计的系统的可行性。诊断系统检索得到的故障类型与依据现场采集的数据判定的故障类型基本一致,能够进行案例调用和修改。     

Soft subgrades’ stabilization by using various fly ashes

This publication presents the results of research involving different types of self-cementing fly ashes (without any other activators) for the stabilization of four different types of soft subgrades from various road sites in Wisconsin, USA. The strength approaches were applied to estimate the optimum mixture design and to determine the thickness of the stabilized layer. The stabilized soil samples were prepared by mixing fly ash at different contents at varying water contents. The performance of fly ash stabilized subbase depends both on the specific source of fly ash and the engineering properties of soils. It is suggested that the performance analysis of fly ash should be based upon the laboratory tests such as index properties, compaction, unconfined compressive strength and CBR tests of a specific site. This is suggested rather than using the study of the physical properties and chemical composition of fly ash and soil. As disclosed in the literature, the strength gain due to stabilization depends mainly upon three factors; ash content, molding water content and compaction delay. The samples were subjected to unconfined compression strength and California bearing ratio (CBR) tests after 7 days curing time to develop water content–strength relationship. To evaluate the impact of compaction delay that commonly occurs in the field during construction, the sets of samples were compacted 2 h later after mixing with water. The unconfined compression strength and CBR tests were performed and used to determine the thickness of the stabilized layer in pavement design. All of these factors were taken into account throughout this research.     

Chemical, biological and radiological incidents: preparedness and perceptions of emergency nurses

Despite their important role in chemical, biological and radiological (CBR) incident response, little is known about emergency nurses' perceptions of these events. The study aim was to explore emergency nurses' perceptions of CBR incidents and factors that may influence their capacity to respond. Sixty-four nurses from a metropolitan Emergency Department took part. The majority were willing to participate in CBR incidents and there was a positive association between willingness to participate and postgraduate qualification in emergency nursing. Willingness decreased, however, with unknown chemical and biological agents. One third of participants reported limitations to using personal protective equipment. Few participants had experience with CBR incidents although 70.3 per cent of participants had undergone CBR training. There were significant differences in perceptions of choice to participate and adequacy of training between chemical, biological and radiological incidents. The study results suggest that emergency nurses are keen to meet the challenge of CBR incident response.     

系统电子设备间电磁干扰诊断方法的研究

为了实现导弹系统电子设备间电磁干扰的自动诊断,在充分考虑导弹系统电磁干扰历史故障及相应诊断信息的基础上,提出了运用CBR(基于案例的推理技术)原理对导弹系统的电磁干扰作出诊断的新方法.通过建立导弹系统的CBR模型,并对案例库不断充实和完善,从而实现新的电磁干扰故障的诊断,以达到自动诊断电磁干扰的目的.将CBR方法引入到...     

面向对象方法在模型元方法特征库建立中的应用

对模型元方法中特征库的建立及特征单元的表示进行了一些基本阐述,分析了特征单元库的结构,采用面向对象方法对特征单元进行描述,运用事例推理判断特征单元类型,为实现自动划分模型单元及计算提供一条途径。     

基于CBR的新型防空导弹故障诊断专家系统研究

应用基于案例推理技术研究了某新型防空导弹的故障诊断问题。在对原理进行介绍的基础上,采用CBR的知识表示方法及推理机制等建立了故障诊断专家系统,给出了诊断实例,使导弹武器系统的诊断推理保证了高效率和高质量。