FRP加固金属结构技术应用研究进展

从FRP加固金属结构设计研究、界面性能研究、工艺研究、耐久性研究等4个方面回顾了FRP加固金属结构技术的发展历程。探讨了FRP加固技术的优势,总结了现阶段FRP修复技术取得的成就和现阶段发展存在的不足。最后,对未来FRP修复技术的发展做了总结。可以预见,随着高性能FRP的不断研制成功以及研究的深入,FRP修复技术必将得到更广泛的应用。     

石化企业玻璃钢设施静电特性及安全使用

通过测试玻璃钢设施的静电参数,研究分析玻璃钢设施的静电特性,表明玻璃钢设施有较大的静电危险性,提出了一般防静电措施,预防玻璃钢设施的燃爆风险。     

Recycling of FRP composites: reusing fine GFRP waste in concrete mixtures

Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) materials are being increasingly used in several applications, but especially in the construction and transportation industries. The composites industry is now producing a wide range of FRP products that include strengthening strips and sheets, reinforcing bars, structural profiles, sandwich panels, moulded planks and piping. The waste management of FRP materials, in particular those made with thermosetting resins, is a critical issue for the composites industry because these materials cannot be reprocessed. Therefore, most thermosetting FRP waste is presently sent to landfill, in spite of the significant environmental impact caused by disposing of it in this way. Because more and more waste is being produced throughout the life cycle of FRPs, innovative solutions are needed to manage it. This paper first presents a state-of-the-art review of the present alternatives available to manage FRP waste. It then describes an experimental study conducted on the technical feasibility of incorporating the fine waste generated during the manufacturing of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites in concrete mixtures. Tests were carried out to evaluate the fresh-state and hardened-state properties of concrete mixes in which between 0% and 20% of sand was replaced by GFRP fine waste. Although the incorporation of high proportions of GFRP waste was found to worsen concrete performance in terms of both mechanical and durability-related properties, it seems feasible to incorporate low proportions and reuse GFRP fine waste in concrete, particularly in non-structural applications such as architectural concrete or pavement slabs, where good mechanical properties are less important.     

FRP加固震损RC柱建模方法及骨架模型研究

为研究震损RC柱采用FRP(Fiber Reinforced Polymer,FRP)加固修复后的抗震性能,本文基于OpenSees仿真平台,根据震后RC柱的表观损伤状态提出FRP加固震损RC柱的有限元模型建立方法。对FRP加固震损RC柱进行5120种工况的Pushover分析,采用三折线荷载-位移骨架曲线,研究损伤状态对骨架曲线特征点参数的影响规律,并通过数据回归分析提出FRP加固震损RC柱的骨架曲线计算模型。分析结果表明:损伤会降低FRP加固RC柱的承载力及刚度,且降低程度随损伤指数的增大而增加,两者近似成抛物线关系;在DS-5损伤状态下,相比于FRP加固完好RC柱,FRP加固震损RC柱的屈服承载力P y、峰值承载力P c、弹性刚度K 1、弹塑性刚度K 2及下降段刚度K 3的均值下降17.9%、14.5%、41.8%、43.1%和19.9%;损伤对FRP加固RC柱弹性刚度和弹塑性刚度的降低程度明显高于屈服承载力和峰值承载力;文中提出的FRP加固震损RC柱骨架曲线计算模型具有较高精度。     

FRP加固钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪计算方法

随着利用FRP加固混凝土结构研究的深入和应用的拓展,FRP加固钢筋混凝土梁抗剪性能的研究已取得了丰硕的成果。以往对抗剪承载力的分析大多是基于有效应变即对极限应变进行有效折减的方法,而最近的研究则引入了裂缝处FRP应变分布不均匀系数。在此基础上,本文综合考虑了FRP发挥的最大应变、沿裂缝应变分布的不均性以及斜裂缝倾角对有效应变的影响,提出了等效有效应变的概念,使计算趋于简单和清晰。本文收集了128根FRP全包裹的、以FRP断裂破坏为主的钢筋混凝土梁的抗剪实验数据,通过对主要影响因素的统计分析,建立了等效有效应变简单可靠的计算公式和基于FRP断裂的抗剪承载力设计方法。128根实验梁的抗剪计算结果表明,本文提出的方法简单可行,意义明确,且精度要比已有的建议公式稍高。     

多种损伤影响下正交层合板刚度退化研究

通过对纤维增强树脂基复合材料层合板的细观力学分析,建立了基体裂纹和纤维断裂2种损伤共存时正交层合板刚度退化模型.给出了纤维断裂损伤的计算方法,对正交层合板刚度退化过程进行了量化计算.结果表明,所建立的模型采用较少的几个参数即可描述层合板刚度退化过程,并与试验结果吻合较好.     

基于热异常探测的北京水泥厂大气污染排放评估

为对水泥行业实现大气污染排放动态监测,反映污染排放的时空分布特征,提出基于热异常点探测数据的新型干法水泥气态污染物排放量测算方法.利用VIIRS热异常点的FRP(fire radiation power,辐射功率)参数结合水泥产业结构特点,建立FRP与污染物排放之间的定量估算关系.利用2013—2017年北京市水泥生产统计信息和热异常点探测数据进行了大气污染排放评估,结果显示:①利用热异常产品的FRP参数估算北京市水泥厂的污染排放水平,利用NO_x和SO₂排放量的统计数据对排放估算值进行相关性验证,二者统计值与估算值之间的相关性系数分别为0.65和0.63.②2013—2017年北京市所有水泥厂的热异常点数据与环境统计数据中水泥总产量、熟料总产量、煤炭总产量以及NO_x、SO₂和烟(粉)尘排放量的相关性均较好,相关性系数均在0.7左右.③自2013年以来,北京市金隅琉水环保科技有限公司和北京金隅北水环保科技有限公司的热异常点数均呈下降趋势.由于采取了减排措施,水泥总产量和污染排放量也均呈逐年减少的趋势.研究显示,基于热异常点探测数据的新型干法水泥气态污染物排放量测算方法可快速获取水泥厂的位置信息、热释放规模,结合污染排放因子可间接评估水泥厂NO_x和SO₂等主要污染物的排放情况.      

单向玄武岩布增强高分子湿法浸渍片材的高温性能研究

与碳纤维与玻璃纤维相同,单向玄武岩纤维布可以通过外粘结工艺用于土木结构的加固。由于用于粘结纤维布的高分子胶粘剂易燃烧,高温软化,本文系统研究了单向玄武岩纤维布增强环氧树脂基湿法浸渍片材的高温中及高温处理后的力学性能。BFRP片材经100、150、200°C处理720小时,冷却后,其拉伸模量保持不变,而拉伸强度在200°C下处理720小时后下降约20%。电子显微镜照片及玻璃化温度变化分析表明,在高温处理过程中,树脂的降解与界面脱粘是导致BFRP拉伸性能下降的主要因素。BFRP的拉伸模量随着试样温度的升高,逐步下降,当达到最大试验温度300°C时,模量下降约35%。BFRP的拉伸强度对试样温度更为敏感。当测试温度超过树脂的玻璃化温度(约82°C)后,BFRP的拉伸强度急剧下降,并趋于稳定,约为室温初始值的45%。当温度超过树脂基体的玻璃化温度后,树脂开始从玻璃态转变为高弹态,不能有效地传递应力,导致BFRP片材的拉伸性能下降。     

风电行业废玻璃钢资源化处置研究

我国风电行业每年产生大量热固性玻璃钢废弃物,这些废弃的热固性复合材料叶片、机舱罩等,在处置过程中广泛存在资源浪费和环境污染问题。对风电行业废玻璃钢的来源、产生量进行分析,概述废玻璃钢的生态毒性,阐述当前玻璃钢废弃物资源化处置技术及其优缺点,并提出风电行业废玻璃钢资源化处置技术的未来发展方向。     

Improved method for the formation of recycled resins from depolymerized products of waste fiber-reinforced plastics: simple and effective purification of recovered monomers by washing with water

The synthesis of recycled plastics from recovered monomeric materials obtained from the depolymerization reaction of fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) was examined. The depolymerization reaction of FRP in the presence of N,N-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) smoothly yielded the corresponding monomers, which mainly consisted of dimethyl phthalates. The polymerization reaction with this monomer failed to form the corresponding unsaturated polyesters due to contamination by N-methyl-4-pyridone, a decomposition product of DMAP. An efficient purification of the recovered monomer was achieved by washing with water, and the purified monomer successfully yielded the corresponding polymers. A hardness test revealed that the polymers were as hard as the polyester made from virgin materials. The present modification provides a practical method for the preparation of recycled plastics from depolymerized plastics.