铁镍改性膨润土对废水中有机污染物的吸附性能研究

以钠基膨润土为原料,制备了铁镍无机改性土和铁镍有机复合改性土,并应用于造纸废水的处理,探讨了改性土用量、废水pH值、搅拌时间等因素对COD去除率的影响,通过正交实验对实验条件进行了优化.结果表明:铁镍有机复合改性土和铁镍元机改性土对废水的处理效果明显好于原土;膨润土的用量、废水的pH对COD的去除率影响较大;对于铁镍无机改性土,吸附剂用量为12g/L,溶液pH=2,吸附时间为10 min时,对废水中COD的去除率为54.06%;对于铁镍有机复合改性土,吸附剂用量为14g/L,溶液pH=3,吸附时间为20 min时,对废水中COD的去除率为70.10%.     

铁镍改性膨润土对废水中有机污染物的吸附性能研究

以钠基膨润土为原料,制备了铁镍无机改性土和铁镍有机复合改性土,并应用于造纸废水的处理,探讨了改性土用量、废水pH值、搅拌时间等因素对COD去除率的影响,通过正交实验对实验条件进行了优化.结果表明：铁镍有机复合改性土和铁镍元机改性土对废水的处理效果明显好于原土;膨润土的用量、废水的pH对COD的去除率影响较大;对于铁镍无机改性土,吸附剂用量为12g/L,溶液pH=2,吸附时间为10 min时,对废水中COD的去除率为54.06%;对于铁镍有机复合改性土,吸附剂用量为14g/L,溶液pH=3,吸附时间为20 min时,对废水中COD的去除率为70.10%.     

厌氧微生物与Fe-Ni双金属材料联合对四溴双酚A(TBBPA)的去除

作为开发强化去除典型溴代阻燃剂四溴双酚A的重要一环,研究了厌氧微生物与Fe-Ni双金属材料联合对四溴双酚A的去除.结果显示:首先,联合体系较单独的厌氧微生物及单独的Fe-Ni双金属材料去除四溴双酚A有更高的去除率,6 h去除率可达到75.50%;联合体系四溴双酚A去除过程符合一级动力学模型,速率常数k为2.2917 h-1,半衰期为0.31 h.其次,利用基于BOX-Behnken(BBD)设计的响应面分析法(RSM)来寻找联合体系四溴双酚A的最佳去除条件,在初始接菌量为0.8,温度为29℃,TBBPA初始浓度为5 mg·L-1时,四溴双酚A的去除率最大.最后,受环境干扰情况的实验结果表明,自然水体条件或添加腐殖酸干扰情况下,均会造成联合体系对四溴双酚A去除率一定程度的降低.     

Solubilization and degradation of perchloroethylene （PCE） in cationic and nonionic surfactant solutions

Solubilization of perchloroethylene (PCE) in a nonionic (Triton X-100) and a cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) surfactant solutions and the degradation of surfactant solubilized PCE using fine to nanosize Fe and bi-metallic Fe-Ni particles were investigated. Micelle partition coefficients (Km) and molar solubility ratio (MSR) for PCE in 10 g/L of surfactant solutions have been quantified and the solubility of PCE (100 mg/L in water) in the surfactant solutions increased by about ten fold. Of the two surfactants studied, Triton X-100 solubilized the higher amount of PCE per gram of surfactant. To degrade solubilized PCE, both iron and bimetallic Fe-Ni particles were used in continuously stirred batch reactors. The iron and bi-metallic particles were synthesized using the solution method and the particles were characterized using the SEM, EDS, TEM and XRD. The PCE solubilized up to 500 mg/L in both surfactant solutions were totally degraded at various rates by 200 g/L of bi-metallic Fe-Ni particles in less than 20 hr, which is the highest concentration of PCE degraded in the shortest time compared to data in the literature. The degradations of PCE solubilized in surfactant solutions were represented by nonlinear kinetic relationships which depended on the type of surfactant used for solubilizing the PCE.     

Fe-Ni共掺杂ZnO/凹凸棒光催化降解废水中抗生素性能研究

以水热法制备了Fe-Ni共掺杂的ZnO/凹凸棒(Fe-Ni-ZnO/ATP)光催化剂,通过XRD和FT-IR对其结构进行了表征,考察了催化剂用量、溶液pH值、光照条件、抗生素种类等因素对催化剂降解抗生素性能的影响.结果表明,Fe-Ni-ZnO/ATP中,ZnO为六方纤锌矿结构,Fe主要以Fe2O3的形式存在,Ni2+取代了ZnO晶格中的部分Zn2+并造成品格缺陷,部分Zn2+进入了 ATP层间生成了Zn-O-Si键,实现了与ATP的复合,并促使其层间距增大.Fe-Ni共掺杂拓宽了催化剂的光谱响应范围和提高了其催化活性,当催化剂投入量为2.5 g/L、溶液pH值为6时,在可见光下反应90 min后,该催化剂对30mg/L的诺氟沙星降解率可达90.63％,并且,在相同条件下,该催化剂对其他两种抗生素废水的降解率均在80％以上,表现出良好的普适性.此外,该催化剂还具有良好的再生性能.     

高岭土负载纳米铁镍双金属去除水中偶氮染料直接耐晒黑G

采用液相还原法制备焙烧高岭土负载纳米铁镍双金属（CK-Fe/Ni）。考察了在不同条件下,如pH、投加量、初始浓度、温度等,对负载型纳米铁镍双金属降解水中偶氮染料直接耐晒黑G的影响及动力学研究。结果表明：在pH=9.49、温度为30℃、负载型纳米铁镍双金属的投加量为1.05 g/L、搅拌速度为60 r/min,经过20 min反应后,负载型纳米铁镍双金属降解水中偶氮染料直接耐晒黑G的去除率达到了99.98%。吸附和电镜表征结果表明,作为载体的焙烧高岭土起着吸附直接耐晒黑G和分散纳米铁镍双金属颗粒的作用导致反应活性提高。降解动力学数据表明,负载型纳米铁镍双金属对直接耐晒黑G的降解过程符合伪一级反应动力学规律,速率常数k随负载型纳米铁镍双金属的投加量的增加而提高,表观活化能为19.72 kJ/mol。最后,利用高岭土负载纳米铁镍双金属对废水处理,结果表明,负载型纳米铁镍双金属在实际废水中对直接耐晒黑G的去除率达到了99.98%。