Photosensitized Oxidation of Cyanide in Aqueous Solutions of Photoactive Modified Hydroxyethylcellulose

Novel water-soluble polymeric photosensitizers based on a natural polymer, naphthalene-modified hydroxyethylcellulose (HENC), were obtained and used for the photooxidation of cyanide. The reaction leads to the formation of cyanate. The process occurs via photoinduced electron transfer from CN⁻ to the naphthalene or naphthoquinone polymeric chromophores. The kinetics of the reaction depend on the degree of substitution of HENC, its concentration, and pH of the solution. The polymers can be easily removed after reaction as prolonged irradiation leads to their photodegradation.     

Detection of intermediates in the TiO2-assisted photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation

The photocatalytic degradation of dye Rhodamine B （RhB） in the presence of TiO2 nanostdpe or P25 under visible light irradiation was investigated. The degradation intermediates were identified using Infrared spectra （IR spectra）, ^1H nuclear magnetic resonance （^1HNMR） spectra, and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy （GC-MS）. The IR and the ^1HNMR results showed that the large conjugated chromophore structure of RhB was efficiently destroyed under visible light irradiation in both the photocatalytic systems （TiO2 nanostfipe or P25 and Rhodamine B systems）. GC-MS results showed that the main identified intermediates were ethanediotic acid, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxy benzoic acid and benzoic acid, which were almost the same in the TiO2 nanostdpes and P25 systems. This work provides a good insight into the reaction pathway（s） for the TiO2-assisted photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutants under visible light irradiation.     

甲醇和有机混合溶剂提取棕碳气溶胶光学性质的差异及原因探讨

棕碳(吸光性有机物)气溶胶对地表太阳辐射平衡有重要影响,溶剂萃取法是测量其光学性质的主要手段之一,但是该方法的结果很大程度上取决于所采用的溶剂.本研究分别采用甲醇和有机混合溶剂(乙腈:二氯甲烷:正己烷=2:2:1)提取大气总悬浮颗粒物样品(TSP)中的棕碳组分,并通过长光程(0.94 m)液芯波导毛细管流通池/紫外 —?可见分光光度计测量了两种溶剂所提取棕碳的吸收光谱(250—?600 nm).结果表明:300—?600 nm甲醇提取棕碳的吸收系数均值是混合溶剂的(1.8±0.1)倍.而对于质量吸收效率,在280—?600 nm甲醇提取的棕碳稍高于混合溶剂((1.2±0.1)倍),在250—?280 nm混合溶剂提取的棕碳则明显高于甲醇((1.4±0.5))倍.为了研究这两种溶剂萃取棕碳光学性质的差异,本研究对比了两种溶剂对有机化合物的提取效率以及主要发色团组分(硝基芳香族化合物和多环芳烃类物质)在两种溶剂中的吸收光谱.实验结果表明:甲醇和混合溶剂所萃取棕碳的吸收光谱出现差异的主要原因包括以下三个方面:(1)与混合溶剂相比,甲醇对有机物提取效率更高.甲醇的提取效率为63.1％ ±3.4％,混合溶剂为42.9％ ±3.6％;(2)甲醇和混合溶剂所萃取棕碳的化学组成存在差异;(3)部分棕碳类物质(如硝基芳香族化合物)在两种溶剂中的吸收光谱存在差异.