金泽水库浮游植物功能群时空变化特征

于2018年7月—2019年6月对金泽水库浮游植物进行调查,研究浮游植物FG功能群时空变化及其与环境因子的关系,探讨进、出水口浮游植物群落特征异同的原因.调查期间,该水域整体处于轻到中度富营养化水平,库内共检测出浮游植物8门139种,主要由蓝、绿、硅藻门种类构成,共25组功能群,优势功能群有M、H1、L_O、K4组,喜好富营养水体环境,所属种类主要为蓝藻门,以微囊藻属为代表的M功能群为绝对优势功能群;进、出水口分别有7门87种、7门102种,分属于23组、20组功能群,优势功能群分别有5组、9组,两个点位种属相似度超过0.6,达中等相似,共有优势功能群为M、H1、L_O、K 4组,主要为蓝藻门种类,M功能群为绝对优势功能群.库内生物密度月变化为280.1162×10⁴ ~1750.7050×10⁴ cells·L^-1,出水口生物密度年均值比进水口降低29.78%,但差异不显著,蓝藻的生物密度决定着库内藻类生物密度月变化及进、出水口藻类生物密度年均值的差异.冗余分析结果显示,环境因子对库内浮游植物解释率为53.59%,占绝对优势的M 功能群,受总氮影响较大且正相关.研究结果表明,库内一系列净化措施有一定作用,但受来水影响,该水库仍有水华暴发的风险,需调整库内净化策略,加强净化水质,以保障饮用水安全.     

The Blue Green Algal Bloom in the Nearshore Waters of Cukai Bay Facing the South China Sea

Since the early 1990's, large areas of mangrove forest along the nearshore waters of Cukai bay had been cleared to give way for the development of aquaculture activities, human settlement and setting up of new small scale fish processing industries. The Cukai bay, facing the South China Sea, has inflows from the Cukai river estuaries and other numerous small river tributaries. The water quality examined (April 1993 to March 1994) in the bay indicated that the ammonium, nitrate and phosphorus contents were high during the pre-wet monsoon (October 1993) with values of 28.2, 30.1 and 29.6 g L^-1, respectively. The source of nutrients in the estuary were from the newly established fish processing cottage industries, nearby fish culture activities, agro-based effluents (mainly fertilisers from surrounding paddy plantations), untreated human (from nearby villages) and animal wastes (from domestic cattle and goat farms) and siltation due to erosion from land development. The main bulk of the microplankton were comprised of diatoms, dinoflagellates, ciliophora and blue green algae. The blue green algae encountered were species of Lyngbya, Oscillatoria, Phormodium and Trichodesmium while those of diatom were species of Asterionella, Chaetoceros, Coscinodiscus, Navicula and Nitzschia. Peak microplankton production in the water column occurred in October 1993, reaching a maximum value of 173 g C L^-1 d^-1. This comprised primarily of the blue green alga, Trichodesmium thiebautii.