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排序方式: 共有118条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Shaojun Chen 《Chemistry and Ecology》2019,35(7):660-677
Knowledge on aquatic macrophyte decomposition has well developed, yet the decomposition and associated biotic factors along a vertical gradient in waters remain less examined. Here, we used Vallianeria natans leaves to investigate the decomposition rate and associated decomposers and microalgae at different vertical depths, by placing V. natans leaves into litterbags (0.5 and 5?mm meshes) and incubating them at the air–water interface (AW), sediment-water (SW) interface, and 10?cm (B10) or 20?cm (B20) burial in sediment over 60 days in a littoral zone of lake. Decomposition rates decreased with increased depths in each mesh size, with significant differences among and between AW (0.028?d?1), SW (0.022?d?1), B10 (0.014?d?1) and B20 (0.011?d?1) treatments in 0.5?mm litterbags and no significant difference between B10 (0.027?d?1) and B20 (0.025?d?1) in 5?mm litterbags. The average contribution of macroinvertebrates to biomass loss was highest in B20 (44.66%), lowest in AW (22.66%) and midst in both SW (25.35%) and B10 (38.78%), and was much less than that of both microbes and microalgae at each location. We show the importance of macroinvertebrates, microbes and microalgae in mediating macrophyte decomposition rate in response to different vertical locations in freshwaters. 相似文献
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Dominic Bekoe Bo Zhang Matthew Scott Todd Abolghasem Shahbazi 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(2):145-151
Aerobic treatment of swine manure was coupled with anaerobic digestion and microalgal cultivation. A 14-day aerobic treatment reduced the total solid content of swine manure by >15%. Ammonia and carbon dioxide were stripped by the air supplied, and this off-gas was further used to aerate the culture of Chlorella vulgaris. The microalgal growth rates in Bristol medium and the wastewater with the off-gas increased from 0.08 to 0.22 g/L/d and from 0.15 to 0.24 g/L/d, respectively. Meanwhile, the aerobically treated swine manure showed a higher methane yield during anaerobic digestion. The experimental results were used to establish a demonstration unit consisting of a 100 L composter, a 200 L anaerobic digester, a 60 L tubular photobioreactor, and a 300 L micro-open raceway pond. 相似文献
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Jorge Alberto Vieira Costa Bárbara Catarina Bastos Freitas Camila Gonzales Cruz Jéssica Silveira Michele Greque Morais 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(5):366-375
The loss of yields from agricultural production due to the presence of pests has been treated over the years with synthetic pesticides, but the use of these substances negatively affects the environment and presents health risks for consumers and animals. The development of agroecological systems using biopesticides represents a safe alternative that contributes to the reduction of agrochemical use and sustainable agriculture. Microalgae are able to biosynthesize a number of metabolites with potential biopesticidal action and can be considered potential biological agents for the control of harmful organisms to soils and plants. The present work aims to provide a critical perspective on the consequences of using synthetic pesticides, offering as an alternative the biopesticides obtained from microalgal biomass, which can be used together with the implementation of environmentally friendly agricultural systems. 相似文献
4.
Guangna Xie Yu Chen Ke Bei Zhipeng Gao Mingde Yang Junliang Wang 《International Journal of Green Energy》2017,14(11):861-867
A fused silica capillary reactor combined with a heating/cooling stage, a microscope and a digital camera were used to investigate phase behavior during the hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae (Dunaliella tertiolecta) and model compounds, including soya protein and glycine, starch, glucose and xylose, stearic acid and palmitic acid. Bubbles were generated at 246°C and disappeared at 360°C upon heating when Dunaliella tertiolecta used as feedstocks. Moreover, liquid products were generated at 300°C upon heating and oily liquid products began to separate out at 250°C upon cooling. The phase behavior of soya protein was similar to that of the Dunaliella tertiolecta. Meanwhile, there only observed the bubbles generation during hydrothermal liquefaction of glycine. Heating the starch, glucose and xylose above 350°C generated black solids from carbonization. Stearic acid and palmitic acid only had the process of melting, dissolution, dispersion and precipitation. 相似文献
5.
碳酸钙中的碳能否被微藻利用这一问题一直处于争论中。本文在开放与隔离空气CO2环境下用含有碳酸钙粉末和不同浓度乙酰唑胺的培养液培养衣藻和小球藻。通过双向同位素示踪技术,定量描述出不同条件下微藻对碳酸钙碳源的利用份额。在隔离空气CO2的环境下,微藻对碳酸钙碳源的利用份额明显大于开放环境下。在开放环境下,随着培养液中乙酰唑胺浓度增加,生物量减少,微藻对固有无机碳源的利用份额减少,对碳酸钙碳源的利用份额增加。在隔离空气CO2的环境下,随着培养液中乙酰唑胺浓度增加,微藻生物量增加,衣藻对固有无机碳源的利用份额增加,对碳酸钙碳源的利用份额减少,而小球藻反之。微藻主要是通过利用碳酸钙溶蚀的可溶性无机碳(DIC)这种间接方式来利用碳酸钙碳源。而外界大气CO2浓度和胞外碳酸酐酶是影响碳酸钙溶解的重要因素,因此其也明显的影响着微藻对碳酸钙碳源的利用。 相似文献
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利用卷枝毛霉孢子悬液与小球藻共培养,用过滤含藻菌球的方式来收获微藻.以人工配水为培养基,收获效率为指标,通过单因子试验和正交试验得到最佳收获条件为:pH=6.0,葡萄糖质量浓度为1.25 g·L~(-1),菌藻比为1∶250,收获效率为91.08%.对培养前后培养液中多糖质量浓度进行测定,发现小球藻在培养48 h后多糖质量浓度较培养前增加了约0.047g·L~(-1),而菌藻共培养后的混合液中多糖质量浓度为0.019 g·L~(-1).由此可知在菌藻共培养过程中,小球藻会向外分泌某些水溶性多糖物质供卷枝毛霉利用,二者有一定的共生作用.对小球藻和卷枝毛霉细胞表面Zeta电位进行测量发现,小球藻细胞表面的Zeta电位值随着藻液pH值变化波动不大;而卷枝毛霉细胞表面的Zeta电位值,随着pH值的变小,电位值可由原先最低的-37.7 m V升至-9.87 m V.由此推定菌藻相互吸附的主要机制为电中和吸附. 相似文献
9.
High abundance of algae and eutrophication were observed in mangrove wetlands and these were estimated to be associated with root exudates of some specific mangrove plants to a certain extent.Root exudates form allelopathic effects from mangroves.The main secondary metabolites of Aegiceras corniculatum had been detected to be organic phenolic acids.Gallic acid had been isolated and identified from A.corniculatum.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of gallic acid on alge Cyclotella caspia was tested as 15.46mg/L.The effects on algal cell morphology were mainly shown as elongated cells,with no apparent cell inclusions,such as oil droplets,chloroplast.At a dose of 2mg/L,gallic acid had a stimulative effect on the specific growth rate of algae on day 3.The contents of malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,soluble carbohydrates and chlorophyll a in algal cells showed an overall "low promotion and high suppression".Our results could provide preliminary and valuable reference on the complex influences of mangroves on microecology and microbial communities in the rhizosphere system. 相似文献
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