Retrieval of refractive index of ultrafine single particle using hygroscopic growth factor obtained by high sensitive surface plasmon resonance microscopy

When exposed to different relative humidities (RHs), the optical properties of atmospheric aerosols will change because of changes in the aerosol particle size and complex refractive index (RI), which will affect haze formation and global climate change. The potential contributions of ultrafine particles to the atmospheric optical characteristics and to haze spreading cannot be ignored because of their high particle number concentrations and strong diffusibility; measurement of the optical properties of wet ultrafine particles is thus highly important for environmental assessment. Therefore, a surface plasmon resonance microscopy with azimuthal rotation illumination (SPRM-ARI) system is designed to determine the RIs of single particle aerosols with diameters of less than 100 nm in the hygroscopic growth process. Measurements are taken using mixed single particles with different mass ratios. The RIs of mixed single aerosols at different RHs are retrieved by measuring the scattering light intensity using the SPRM-ARI system and almost all the RIs of the bicomponent particles with different mass ratios decrease with increasing water content under high RH conditions. Finally, for each of the bicomponent particles, the maximum standard deviations for the retrieved RI values are only $2.06\times {10}^{-3}$, $3.08\times {10}^{-3}$ and $3.83\times {10}^{-3}$, corresponding to the NaCl and NaNO₃ bicomponent particles with a 3:1 mass ratio at 76.0% RH, the NaCl and glucose particles with a 1:3 mass ratio at 89.0% RH, and the NaCl and OA particles with a 1:1 mass ratio at 78.0% RH, respectively; these results indicate that the high-sensitivity SPRM-ARI system can measure the RI effectively and accurately.     

纳米金增强SPR铅离子检测器构建

为满足采用简便方法检测痕量铅离子（Pb²⁺）的需求,构建了新型的超灵敏、高特异性表面等离子体共振（SPR）生物传感器,用于水中Pb²⁺检测.以硫醇化GR-5脱氧核酶（DNAzyme）为Pb²⁺特异性识别探针,并自组装到芯片金膜表面,底物官能化的纳米金（S-AuNPs）用于信号增强,并与DNAzyme杂交形成传感薄膜.AuNPs不仅增加了质量变化,其局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）与芯片表面传播SPR的耦合作用也可产生信号放大的效果.在Pb²⁺离子存在下,DNAzyme催化底物裂解,导致AuNPs的去除并引起SPR信号显著变化.通过X射线光电子能谱和扫描电镜对芯片表面的表征分析验证了传感薄膜构建过程和检测原理.Pb²⁺检测实验结果表明,1 μmol/L DNAzyme修饰的传感器检测效果最好,检测限为80pmol/L,并在100nmol/L范围内与Pb²⁺浓度的对数呈线性关系（R²=0.992）.该传感器对10倍浓度的其他金属离子无明显响应,说明其具有良好的Pb²⁺特异性;检测自来水和地下水中Pb²⁺的结果与ICP-MS方法有良好的一致性.研究建立的Pb²⁺检测方法具有高灵敏度和特异性,且操作简便,具有现场检测的应用前景.     

共面多氯联苯抗体的制备及其用表面等离子共振方法检测的应用研究

根据文献方法获得抗共面多氯联苯(Co-PCBs)的重组抗体的轻链、重链基因序列,并用柔性连接肽(Gly4Ser)3进行连接.然后将获得的重组抗体基因序列通过克隆、表达、纯化、复性等手段得到纯度大于95%的Co-PCBs抗体.最后将Co-PCBs抗体组装到金膜表面,制备成检测用的蛋白芯片,并应用表面等离子共振技术(SPR)对共面多氯联苯中的PCB126进行了检测.结果显示,得到的Co-PCBs抗体特异性强,而且SPR检测方法测定PCB126的检测限为5×10-4pg·L-1,达到环境中Co-PCBs的超痕量检测水平要求.整个检测过程方便快捷、样品用量少、灵敏度高,可为环境中多氯联苯的实时检测研究提供指导.     

Electrochemical Detection of Pathogen Infection Using Cell Chip

The immobilized cell using self-assembled synthetic oligopeptide was applied to the electrochemical detection of pathogen infection. Thin films based on cysteine-terminated synthetic oligopeptides were fabricated for the immobilization of HeLa cell on gold (Au) substrate. Layer formation and immobilization of the cell were investigated with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Experimental results showed that the thin film of cysteine-terminated synthetic oligopeptide was successfully fabricated and it could be applied for the immobilization of HeLa cells. The adhered living cell was exposed to E. coli O157:H7, which induced the change of SPR angle and electrochemical impedance signal. The proposed cell immobilization method using self-assembly technique can be applied to construct the cell microarray for on-site pathogen monitoring.     

纳米金增强SPR铅离子检测器构建

为满足采用简便方法检测痕量铅离子（Pb²⁺）的需求,构建了新型的超灵敏、高特异性表面等离子体共振（SPR）生物传感器,用于水中Pb²⁺检测.以硫醇化GR-5脱氧核酶（DNAzyme）为Pb²⁺特异性识别探针,并自组装到芯片金膜表面,底物官能化的纳米金（S-AuNPs）用于信号增强,并与DNAzyme杂交形成传感薄膜.AuNPs不仅增加了质量变化,其局部表面等离子体共振（LSPR）与芯片表面传播SPR的耦合作用也可产生信号放大的效果.在Pb²⁺离子存在下,DNAzyme催化底物裂解,导致AuNPs的去除并引起SPR信号显著变化.通过X射线光电子能谱和扫描电镜对芯片表面的表征分析验证了传感薄膜构建过程和检测原理.Pb²⁺检测实验结果表明,1 μmol/L DNAzyme修饰的传感器检测效果最好,检测限为80pmol/L,并在100nmol/L范围内与Pb²⁺浓度的对数呈线性关系（R²=0.992）.该传感器对10倍浓度的其他金属离子无明显响应,说明其具有良好的Pb²⁺特异性;检测自来水和地下水中Pb²⁺的结果与ICP-MS方法有良好的一致性.研究建立的Pb²⁺检测方法具有高灵敏度和特异性,且操作简便,具有现场检测的应用前景.     

麻痹性贝毒的表面等离子体共振快速检测方法研究

采用表面等离子体共振(SPR)技术研究了赤潮毒素麻痹性贝毒(PSP)的快速检测方法,分别采取固定化PSP抗体分子和PSP分子的方法,进行直接和间接检测溶液中PSP的含量,检测下限分别为70.2μg.L-1(~235 nmol.L-1)和0.5μg.L-1(~1.67 nmol.L-1),相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.2%~7.7%,回收率为101%~105%。检测方法的选择性好,样品、标准物和抗体的用量少,检测成本低,单个样品的测试时间不到10 min,能够满足赤潮毒素的快速检测需求。     

表面等离子体共振技术在环境污染物分析中研究

表面等离子体共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)技术是一种新型高灵敏度的生物传感技术。目前在测定多氯联苯、酚类、农药、毒素和重金属等环境污染物质的方法的研究日益成熟。文章综述了SPR技术的基本原理及近年来在分析环境污染物的研究中取得的成就,并展望了SPR技术的发展方向及在环境领域的研究前景。     

Role of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Interactions in Structure Development of Zein Films

Zein has been studied for its potential as a biobased polymeric material. Due to the fact that films made exclusively from zein are brittle, composites of zein and oleic acid were prepared in our lab and formed into flexible films. Film properties were believed related to their structure. X-ray scattering measurements on zein films suggested the formation of layers along the plane of the film. Oleic acid seemed to play an important role in layer formation. However, X-ray measurements could not yield information on the nature of the interface between oleic acid and zein. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) was used to further investigate interaction between zein and oleic acid. Dynamic adsorption of zein from alcoholic solutions onto hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces generated by self-assembled monolayers of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid or 1-octanethiol was monitored by SPR. It was observed that zein had a greater affinity for hydrophilic than for hydrophobic surfaces under the prevalent experimental conditions. A mechanism for structure development of zein-oleate films was proposed based on these results and previous X-ray measurements. It is suggested that the structure development involves hydrophilic adsorption of fatty acids onto the zein surface followed by hydrophobic associations leading to a layered film structure organization.     

利用SPR技术测定湖水中微囊藻毒素

利用表面等离子共振(SPR)技术,建立了快速定量检测湖水中微囊藻毒素LR(MC-LR)的方法.将MC-LR共价偶联到表面等离子共振芯片表面,检测了芯片的稳定性,并利用免疫竞争抑制原理构建标准曲线,对湖水样品进行了检测.结果表明:制备的芯片信号稳定,50个循环相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.62%;该方法的最低检测浓度为0.25ng/mL,可作为水体中MC-LR的分析检测方法.     

Cu2O-Ag-AgBr/MA可见光催化剂的制备及其降解2-氯苯酚的研究

通过沉积-沉淀法将Cu2O、Ag-AgBr负载在介孔γ-Al2O3(MA)上制备了等离子体诱导可见光催化剂Cu2O-Ag-AgBr/MA.研究了其在可见光照(λ>420 nm)下的催化性能.通过XRD、XPS和UV-vis吸收光谱的去卷积分析表明,表面银以Ag+和Ag0形式共存.结果表明,Cu2O-Ag-AgBr/MA对难降解有机物2-氯苯酚(2-CP)显示出很高的可见光催化去除效率.同时Cu2O的掺入,显著抑制了降解过程中Ag+的溶出.自由基捕获剂的影响实验表明,h+、O·-2和·OH是反应中最重要的活性物种.